Objective To evaluate the accuracy of BIS and anesthetic depth index (CSI) for monitoring levels of sedation induced by different target effect-site concentrations (CT) during TCI of propofol combined with sufentanil. Methods Ninety ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes aged 20-49 yr weighing 45-70 kg undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=15 each): group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ TCI of propofol with CT set at 2, 4 and 6 μg/ml respectively (P1-3);groupⅣ, Ⅴ,Ⅵ sufentanil 0.7 μg/kg + propefol TCI with CT set at 2, 4 and 6 μg/ml (SP1-3). Anesthesia was induced with propefol TCI with CT set at 4 μg/ml in all 6 groups. As soon as the patients lost consciousness, tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg. The patients were mechanically ventilated. PET CO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. Anesthesia was maintained with propofol TCI with CT set at 2 μg/ml(in group P1, SP1), 4 μg/ml(in group P2, SP2) and 6 μg/ml(in group P3,SP3) immediately after intubation respectively. Sufentanil 0.7 μg/kg was given iv at 20 min after propofol TCI was started in group SP<1-3. MAP, HR, BIS (Aspect) and CSI (Danmeter Denmark) were continuously monitored and recorded before induction of anesthesia (T0, baseline), at 1 min before tracheal intubation (T1), and at 30 s(T2), 15 min(T3), 30 min(T4), 35 min(T5) and 40 min (T6) after tracheal intubation. Results BIS and CSI values were gradually decreasing at T3-6 in group P1-3 and SP1-3. BIS and CSI values were significantly lower at T4-6 in group SP1 and SP2 than in group P1 and P2. CSI values were significantly lower at T4-6 in group SP3 than in group P3, but there was no significant difference in BIS values at T4-6 between SP3 and P3. Conclusion CSI and BIS can monitor the levels of sedation indueed with TCI of propofol with CT set at 2 and 4 μg/ml when combined with sufentanil 0.7 μg/kg but only CSI can monitor the level of sedation induced by propofol TCI with CT set at 6 μg/ml when combined with sufentanil 0.7 μg/kg.

Objective: To investigate the nicotine dependence of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who smoke and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide insights into targeted smoking cessation interventions for smoking COPD patients. Methods: The smoking COPD patients were selected from three hospitals in Lanzhou City using the convenience sampling method from October 2022 to April 2023. Demographic data, smoking status, and willingness to quit smoking were collected using questionnaire surveys. Nicotine dependence was assessed according to Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. The influencing factors of nicotine dependence in smoking COPD patients were analyzed using a multiple linear regression model. Results: A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, and 171 valid questionnaires were collected, with a response rate of 85.50%. The median age was 48.00 (interquartile range, 10.00) years. There were 158 males, accounting for 92.40%; 53 cases with a college degree or above, accounting for 30.99%. The median smoking duration was 15.00 (interquartile range, 11.00) years. There were 73 patients (42.69%) smoking 21 to 30 cigarettes per day, and 159 patients (92.98%) with the willingness to quit smoking. The median nicotine dependence score was 3.00 (interquartile range, 1.00) points. There were statistically significant differences in nicotine dependence scores among smoking COPD patients with different ages, educational levels, occupations, interpersonal relationships, smoking duration, daily cigarette consumption, awareness of smoking hazards and willingness to quit smoking (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that nicotine dependence was related with educational level (β=-0.251), interpersonal relationship (β=-0.246), smoking duration (β=0.038), daily cigarette consumption (β=0.518) and willingness to quit smoking (β=-0.173) among smoking COPD patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion The nicotine dependence among smoking COPD patients was influenced by educational level, interpersonal relationships, smoking duration, daily cigarette consumption and willingness to quit smoking.

The present paper is aimedto investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on proliferation, migration and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cell in rat cerebral cortex with global brain ischemia-reperfusion. A global brain ischemia-reperfusion model was established. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the pathological changes and the expression of BrdU and Nestin in cerebral cortex. RT-PCR was used to measure the NSE mRNA in brain tissue. The results of measurements indicated that in sham operation group, there was no positive cell in cerebral cortex, and the content of NSE mRNA did not change. In the operation group, the expression of BrdU and Nestin increased significantly at the end of the 3rd day, and peaked on the 7th day. NSE mRNA expression did not significantly increase. In bFGF group, compared with sham operation group and model group, the number of BrdU-positive and Nestin-positive cells increased significantly at each time point (P<0. 05), and peaked at the end of the 11th day, and the content of NSE mRNA increased significantly (P<0. 05). This research demonstrated that the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells in situ could be induced by global cerebral ischemia and reperfu- sion, and could be promoted and extended by bFGF. In additiion, bFGF might promote endogenous neural stem cells differentiated into neurons.
Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cerebral Cortex ; cytology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; pharmacology ; Nestin ; metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells ; drug effects ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined the embolization with chemotherapy,whose efficacy has been verified in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Factors like the incomplete embolism,the formation of collateral circulation,neoangiogenesis and the like greatly weaken the clinical efficacy of TACE in the long term.Thus,the improvement of TACE efficacy depends on the comprehensive treatment.This paper reviewed the present application status and the progress on the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with TACE.

Objective To study the stability of anticoagulant peptide Hirulog-S and its lyophilized product, and to provide data on the storage conditions and clinical applications.Methods RP-HPLC was used to determine the content and the related substances of Hirulog-S and its lyophilized powder with influence factor test, accelerated test and long-term storage test.Results Light, temperature and humidity had no significant effect on the stability of Hirulog-S and its lyophilized powder in the influence factor test.The content and related substances of Hirulog-S and its lyophilized powder did not significantly change in the accelerated test ( 40℃, RH75%) and 24-month long-term storage test at room temperature and 4℃.Conclusion Hirulog-S and its lyophilized product are very stable, even after being stored at room temperature for two years.

Objective To discuss the value of medium resolution typing method for HLA-B antigens of Northern Chinese by DNA chip technique.Methods The chip was made with specific medium distinguish typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-B alleles from Northern Chinese.Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-B exon 2 and 3, then labeled PCR products and hybridize with probes on the chip.Certified the typing of HLA-B by analysed and scanned the signals of hybridize through a set of computer software.Results HLA-B alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples. This medium distinguish probes were able to discern 42 HLA-B alleles from the scope of HLA-B 7~83. Using it we can distinguish B14,73 and 82 three new alleles contrast to PCR-SSP methods.Conclusions DNA typing of HLA-B by chip was proven to be a high-resolution and high-specificity method. It is able to check out the multitudinous samples in one DNA chip and it is more suitable for clinical application.

Objective:To establish a DNA typing method for HLA-I antigens with medium resolution method by DNA chip technique.Methods:The chip was made with specific medium distinguish-typing probes designed according to gene frequency of HLA-I alleles from Northern Chinese. Unsymmetrical PCR was used to amplify HLA-I exon2,3,and then the PCR products labeled and hybridized with probes on the chip.Typing of HLA-I was certified by scanning the hybridizing signals of through a set of computer software.Results:HLA-I alleles were successfully typed in 30 clinical samples .This medium-distinguishing probes were able to discern 57 HLA-I alleles accurately.Conclusion:DNA typing of HLA-I by chip has been proven to be a high-resolution and high-specific method. It is able to check out the new alleles that can not be distinguished by other methods with the same resolution., and it is more intuitional and more suitable for clinical application .

Objective To develop a gas dynamic exposure device with a simple structure.Methods The device was composed of a water tank, an gas chest, an exposure kit and an gas-out bottle. The chest body was made of organic glass pane, drainage method was used to distribute the gas properly, and airflow was regulated with the gravity and valve.Results The device was proved to have simple structure and high effects.Conclusion The device has low cost, simple structure and properly distributed gas, and can be reused for exposure test.

Background and purpose:DNMT3B has nearly 40 known splice variants expressed in a tissue-and disease-speciifc manner, but the roles of these splice variants in the cell are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of overexpression of DNA methyltransferase 3B4 (DNMT3B4) gene on proliferation of human embryo kidney 293A cells. Methods:293A cells were transfected with plasmid pCMV-DNMT3B4 or pCMV-2B and then treated with G418 to get the stable cell line. The stable cell lines were determined for proliferation level by MTT method, and for cell cycle distribution by lfow cytometry. The expression of p21 was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. The methylation status of p21 gene promoter was detected by methylation-speciifc PCR (MS-PCR). Results:The absorbance value in DNMT3B4-1 and DNMT3B4-2 clone were (58.92±3.47)%and (68.82±5.64)%as compared to 293A-vector cells using MTT method. DNMT3B4 overexpression signiifcantly decreased cell proliferation (P<0.05). S phase fraction of 293A-vector cells was (40.44±0.91)%. While in DNMT3B4-1 and DNMT3B4-2 clone cells, the S phase fraction was (35.88±2.00)%and (37.00±1.79)%respectively. Overexpression of DNMT3B4 could significantly decrease S phase fraction (P<0.05). The expression of p21 in DNMT3B4 overexpressed cells was increased, but the methylation status of p21 gene promoter was unchanged.Conclusion:Overexpression of DNMT3B4 can inhibit 293A cell proliferation and can facilitate p21 expression.

OBJECTIVE:To develop the determination method for plasma concentration of effective components in essential oil from Curcuma phaeocaulis,and to study its integrated pharmacokinetics. METHODS:Sixteen rats were given the extract of essential oil from C. phaeocaulis 1.0 g/kg(by crude drug)intragastrically;blood samples 300-400 μL from orbit were collected 0, 0.17,0.5,1,2,2.5,3,4,6,8,10,12,24 h after medication. The plasma concentration of α-pinene,1,8-cineole,borneol, β-elemene,curcumol,germacrone and curdione in rats were determined by GC-MS. The determination was performed on DB-5 capillary column,using helium as carrier gas,at the flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The injector temperature was 270 ℃,by temperature programming,and split ratio was 20∶1. The sample size was 1 μ L. The ion source was electrospray ion source. The selective reaction monitoring mode was used for the positive ion scanning in the range of m/z 20-500. Pharmacokinetic parameters of above effective components were calculated by using DAS 2.0 software. The weight coefficients were customized according to the proportion of AUC0-∞in the sum of AUC0-∞. The integrated pharmacokinetic parameters of multiple effective components in essential oil from C. phaeocaulis were calculated. RESULTS:The linear range of α-pinene,1,8-cineole,borneol,β-elemene, curcumol, germacrone, and curdione were 2.71-173.54, 7.76-496.88, 3.37-215.72, 21.68-1 387.50, 40.21-2 573.44, 24.84-3 179.69,47.78-3 057.81 ng/mL,respectively (r＞0.99). The lower limits of quantitation were 2.71,7.76, 3.37,21.68,40.21,24.84,47.78 ng/mL,respectively. The precision,accuracy and matrix effects were in line with related requirements of quantitative analysis of biological samples. The pharmacokinetic parameters of α-pinene,1,8-cineole,borneol, β-elemene,curcumol,germacrone,and curdione were as follows that cmaxwere (34.72 ± 9.97),(99.86 ± 5.54),(16.10 ± 3.37), (248.98±86.19),(673.75±104.15),(2 353.64±637.83),(2 420.04±708.51)ng/mL;tmaxwere(2.33±0.29),(0.67±0.29), (1.33±0.58),(1.83±0.76),(0.83±0.29),(0.89±0.18),(1.17±0.76)h;t1/2were(8.64±1.46),(8.98±1.63),(12.43± 2.88),(19.86 ± 4.05),(15.63 ± 5.50),(14.17 ± 4.13),(7.14 ± 0.67)h;AUC0-twere (189.78 ± 89.10),(454.74 ± 82.43), (100.55±8.27),(1 067.37±216.55),(3 154.16±405.94),(16 501.24±663.88),(12 524.92±3 222.10)ng·h/mL;AUC0-∞were(229.57±93.50),(524.32±81.67),(146.28±10.74),(2 092.70±416.18),(5 388.65±661.86),(28 198.87±4 102.62), (14 139.35 ± 3 109.19)ng·h/mL,respectively. After integration,the pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows that cmaxwas 1 880.94 ng/mL; tmaxwas 0.50 h; t1/2was 11.22 h;AUC0-twas 13 050.89 ng·h/mL;AUC0- ∞was 19 015.21 ng·h/mL. CONCLUSIONS: The method can be used for the detection of plasma concentration of effective components in rats;pharmacokinetic parameters of essential oil from C. phaeocaulis after integration are greatly different from single effective component,which can provide reference for characterization of its overall pharmacokinetics.