In order to examine the feasibility of cytokine fusion gene transfer into tumor cells, a retroviral vector (pLXSN) for human interleukin 6/interleukin 2 (IL6/IL2) fusion gene was constructed by using PCR and ligating the 2 genes with a synthesized flexible linker. The IL6/IL2 fused gene was introduced into B16 melanoma cell line mediated by retrovirus and the changes of adhesive and metastatic ability of fused gene-modified cells were detected. The B16-IL6/ IL2 cells showed efficient expression of both cytokines and decreased binding affinity with extracellular matrix (Laminin and Matrigel), accompanying with decreased experimental metastatic potentials. These data suggest that the mechanism involving the decreased metastases may relate with the changes of biological characteristics and immune stimulating activity of gene-modified cells.

Objective To investigate the oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusion (OCI) in the central nervous system of multiple system atrophy (MSA) and to evaluate its roles in pathologic diagnosis of MSA.Methods Modified Gallyas Braak staining was used to investigate tissue samples of the brain and the spinal cord of 4 cases with MSA, which were previously diagnosed by clinical and routine pathologic methods. Eight cases with motor neuron disease and 6 cases without nervous system disease were used for control study.Results OCIs were demonstrated by Gallyas barrak method in the white matter of the brain and the spinal cord of 3 cases with MSA. They look like sickle , semilunar , and flame shaped. Their main distributions were transverse fibers of the basis pontine, the white matter of the cerebellum, striatopallidal fibers and lateral column of the spinal cord. While OCIs were not found in the brain and the spinal cord of one case without typical clinical features and pathologic findings. Nor did all of the control cases.Conclusions OCIs may be regarded as pathologic marker of the sporadic forms of MSA. It also suggests that OCIs are related to degenerative process of myelinated fibers in MSA.

Objective To observe the expression of NGF mRNA in rats brain with diabetes and the effects of hypoglycemia caused by oral antidiabetic drugs on NGF mRNA.Methods A total of 64 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group(16)and diabetes model group(48).Using high fat and high sugar diet+intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to prepare type 2 diabetes model.The diabetes model group was randomly divided into non-medication group(16),oral medication group (16) and hypoglycemia group(16).The oral medication rats and hypoglycemia rats were given glibenclamide+metformin by intragastric administration once daily for 12 d,the dose of hypoglycemia rats was 5 times of treatment rats.The brain tissues of rats in each group were used respectively the RT-PCR method to detect NGF mRNA at 3,6,9 and 12 d.Results Compared with the control group,the expression of NGF mRNA in the brain tissues of the 3 groups of diabetic rats were decreased in different degrees and the non-medication group was the most obvious(P＜0.01).Compared with the non-medication group,the oral medication group was significantly increased(P＜0.01),the hypoglycemia group was further decreased(P＜ 0.01).Conclusion Oral hypoglycemic drugs can effectively enhance the expression of NGF mRNA in brain tissue of diabetic rats,but hypoglycemia caused by Oral antidiabetic drugs can make the expression of NGF mRNA further decreased.So hypoglycemia is not conducive to the repair of diabetic neuropathy.

Objective To explore the effects of electroacupuncture combined with enriched rehabilitation training on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the cerebral cortex of neonatal rats with brain injury. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 450 μg/kg∙d) was injected to pregnant rats on the 17th and 18th days intraperitoneally. The control group was injected with equal sterile normal saline. The neonatal rats injected with LPS were randomly divided into non-intervention group and intervention group. The intervention group received intervention once a day until the 28th day. The control group and the non-intervention groups were fed regularly. Immunohistochemistry (SABC) was used to detect the expression of BDNF on the 1st, 14th, 21st and 28th days. Results The expression of BDNF was higher in the non-intervention group than in the control group (P<0.01) on the 1st day, but there was no significant difference on the 14th, 21st and 28th days. And it was higher in the intervention group than in the other 2 groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture combined with enriched rehabilitation training can significantly improve the expression of BDNF in cerebral cortex of neonatal rats with brain injury

Objective To investigate the expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A in the ipsilateral hippocampus after cerebral hemorrhage in rats.Methods A total of 64 adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was randomly divided into control and model groups.Collagenase Ⅶ was used to induce cerebral hemorrhage model.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A in hippocampus at the cerebral hemorrhage side at the time points (24 h,7 d,14 d,and 21 d).Results Compared to the control group,the expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A were significantly enhanced in model group (P ＜0.01),with the highest level at the 7 d.Conclutions Cerebral hemorrhage can significantly enhance expressions of Slit2 and Nogo-A with a positive correlation of Slit2 and Nogo-A,which might have an important effect on the recovery of brain injury.

Objective To evaluate the effects of carbohydrate-electrolyte solution(CES)on serum glucose,pancreas islet function,and safety in elderly patients after abdominal operation.Methods In this prospective,double-blinded,randomized,and controlled study,40 elderly patients who met the defined criteria were enrolled.Subjects in CES group were intravenously administered with 1 000 ml CES for consecutive three days beginning from the 1st and 2nd post-operative day,while subjects in the control group were administered with 10% glucose of the same volume under the same arrangement.The changes of serum glucose,insulin and insulin C-peptide,as well as lactic acid and uric acid and uric acid were determined before and after injection.Adverse events were recorded.Results All patients completed the study.The increase rate of serum glucose was significantly lower on the 2nd and 3rd day after injection in CES group than in control group(P=0.008,P:0.001).Blood insulin and insulin C-peptide levels showed increasing trends in both two groups,but were not significantly different between two groups(P=0.612,P=0.213).In the CES group,6 patients experienced systemic inflammatory response syndrome and 4 patients had infective complications after surgeries ;on the contrary,these two numerals were 8 and 6 in the control group(P=0.639,P=0.606).No increase in serum lactic acid or uric acid was detected.Conclusion Appropriate application of CES has minimal effect on the blood gluocse and pancreas islet function in elderly patients after abdominal surgery and may be helpful to improve clinical outcomes.

To observe the effects of salvianolate on cardiomyocytes apoptosis and heart function in a swine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

ObjectiveTo study the feasibility and technique in liver transplantation (LT) in an adult with situs inversus (SI) and reviewed the medical literature on this subject.MethodsA 45-year-old male with complete SI,suffered from progressive hepatic failure secondary to hepatolithiasis,obstructive jaundice,portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis.He underwent liver transplantation in July 2004.His anatomy was studied by preoperative CT scan and three-dimensional liver reconstruction imaging and angiography.LT was performed using the modified piggyback technique.The donor right liver was rotated 45 degree to the left,making the donor left liver pointing to the left paracolic sulcus and the donor right liver was in the recipient hepatic fossa.The donor suprahepatic vena cava was anastomosed end-to-side to the recipient vena cava,and the infrahepatic vena cava was closed by oversewing.ResultThe patient recovered uneventfully.His liver function was stable during a follow-up of 75 months.ConclusionLT in patients with SI is safe and feasible.Exact determination of the anatomy,comprehensive preoperative planning,and good technique in liver transplantation play important roles in LT for patients with SI.

Objective To investigate the relationship between dynamic changes of plasma D-dimer and survival rate of the esophageal carcinoma patients pre-and post-operation.Methods 30 cases of normal control group,160 cases of esophageal cancer group( including operation cases n =112),with the gold standard method for the determination of plasma D-dimer.Results There was a link between the level of D-dimer,TNM staging,lymph node metastasis and tumor size in esophageal carcinoma patients.Compared with the preoperation,the plasma D-dimer is significantly elevated 2 years later( t =7.35,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Before or after the operation,dynamic changes of plasma D-dimer had a relationship with short-term survival rate.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk and malnutrition,and nutritional support in elderly hospitalized patients.Methods2386 elderly hospitalized patents (aged ≥65 years) in Beijing Hospital from April 2007 to June 2009 were consecutively enrolled.Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was performed on the next morning after admission.Body mass index (BMI)lower than 18.5 kg/m2 or serum albumin lower than 35 g/L was diagnosed as malnutrition.Results Among 2517 enrolled patients,NRS 2002 was completed by 94.8％,including 466 cases in Department of Respiratory,580 cases in Department of General surgery,549 cases in Department of Neurology,180 cases in Department of Nephrology,301 cases in Department of Gastroenterology and 310 cases in Department of Thoracic Surgery in Beijing Hospital.The prevalence of nutrition risk was 28.2％ (673/2 386),and the ratioes of nutrition risk in Department of Respiratory,General Surgery,Neurology,Nephrology,Gastroenterology and Thoracic Surgery were 27.5％,30.3％,28.5％,29.4％,25.9％ and 25.4％,respectively.The prevalence of malnutrition was 26.4％,and the ratios of malnutrition in Department of Respiratory,General surgery,Neurology,Nephrology,Gastroenterology and Thoracic Surgery were 26.2％,29.8％,26.9 ％,28.3％,22.3％ and 22.9％,respectively.Among 48.1％ of patients with nutrition risk who received nutritional support,the proportions of nutritional support in Department of Respiratory,General Surgery,Neurology,Nephrology,Gastroenterology and Thoracic Surgery were 30.1％,85.2％,26.1％,18.2％ 73.8％ and 64.9％,respectively.Among 15.1％ of patients without nutrition risk (NRS＜3) who received nutritional support,the proportions of nutritional support in Department of Respiratory,General Surgery,Neurology,Nephrology,Gastroenterology and Thoracic Surgery were 10.6％,25.2％,6.3％,3.8 ％,34.2％ and 17.4 ％,respectively.The ratio of parenteral nutrition (PN) over enteral nutrition(EN) was more than 4:1.ConclusionsA large proportion of elderly hospitalized patients are at nutrition risk and malnutrition.And nutritional support is somehow inappropriately applied.Evidence-based guideline of PN or EN is needed to improve this situation.