OBJECTIVE: To summarize the recent progress and clinical application of percutaneous coronary intervention and to seek the direction of new developments.METHODS: A computerized online database of Pubmed was searched to identify articles published from May 2000 to February 2009 with the key words of "drug eluting stents, peroutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary disease". There were 154 articles were retrieved by computer, by reading tities and Abstract s, 27% literatures were remained after excluding 74 irrespective papers and 53 repetitive studies.RESULTS: An ideal drug-eluting stent (DES) was comprised of a platform, a drug carrier vehicle and a pharmaceutical compound in harmony with each other. With the ongoing development of DES materials and drugs, more effective DES was introduced in the practice. Recently, clinical data on DES encourage the interventional cardiologist to use DES in more challenging coronary lesions, such as chronic total occlusions, complex lesions and multi-vessel lesions. However, the safety and efficacy of DES need further attention. Therefore, novel strategies including bioabsorbable stents, and pro-healing agents coated stents were promising.CONCLUSION: The development of percutaneous coronary intervention is a breakthrough in intervention cardiology that brings great benefit to patients with coronary disease, especially for restenosis and revascularization. Nevertheless, more endeavour will be necessary to create PCI with high efficacy as well as low risk, and safety and effectiveness of PCI in patients with ST-segment evaluation myocardial infraction and stent fracture prevention need further study.

Objective To investigate whether panax notoginseng saponins(三七总皂苷,PNS) can inhibit the activity of lung nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) and ameliorate the lung pathologic injury in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis(ANP).Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group(group sham),ANP group(group ANP),PNS preconditioning group(group PNS).There were 10 rats in each group.Rat ANP model was induced by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate to pancreatic duct(1 ml/kg).The rats in the PNS preconditioning group were given by intraperitoneal injection of 50 g/L PNS(1 ml/kg) one hour before model establishment,and those in the other two groups were given 0.9% physiological saline(1 ml/kg) one hour before the operation.Put the rat in each group to death at 6 hours after the respective management was made,and the pulmonary tissues were taken to detect the activity of NF?B by immunohistochemistry and the wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue was measured.Results At 6 hours after the model was established in the ANP group,the NF-?B positive cell number(70%-100% positive cells,7 vs.0) and the positive unit((72.52?7.63)PU vs.(33.09?4.75)PU) in the lung tissue were remarkably increased in comparisons with those in the sham group(both P

Objective To summarize the experience of microsurgery for repair on urethrovaginal and vesicovaginal fistula. Methods Five cases of complex urethrovaginal or vesicovaginal fistula underwent repair procedure with thin suture under surgical magnifier.The defect of vesical neck was sutured in several layers and the urethra was renovated by using vaginal wall tissue. Results The operations were successful in all the 5 cases with no obvious incontinence.Their course of coition was not influenced. Conclusions Suturing the defect of the vesical neck in several layers can restore the function of the sphincter.Microsurgery may align the tissue well and cause less tissue reaction,thus it is beneficial to the concrescence of the fistula.

Objective To improve the diagnostic level of on pelvic nodal metastases of prostate cancer. Methods Thirty-three cases of prostate cancer underwent instep lymphangiography to find out if there were pelvic nodal metastases.The results of lymphangiography were compared with the pathologic results of fine needle aspiration biopsy of lymph nodes. Results In the 9 cases testing positive for nodal metastases 7 were identified by cytology of fine needle aspiration biopsy and 6 were confirmed by pathology;while in the 24 cases with negative results,4 were false negative(17%). Conclusions The lymphangiography plays an important role in diagnosis of nodal metastases of prostate cancer.Fine needle aspiration for suspected lymph nodes can minimize false positive result,nevertheless there is still false negative result in lymphangiography.

Parkinson’s disease (PD)is one of familiar neurodegenerative disorder. The pathogenesis of PD,up to now,has not been fully understood. Although heredity,aging and environmental factors were involved,the combination effects of these factors were much concerned. PD animal model is an indispensable tool for exploring the mechanism,neuro-protective drugs and therapy strategies. Some kinds of animal models were introduced in this paper. MPTP mouse model is the most important and most universal use.The consideration of the effect of multiple risk factors may be the start of new era in the research field of PD animal models.

Objective To explore the influence of the number and orientation of the beams on the optimization of IMRT plan.Methods Four IMRT plans were designed for 9 patients with cervical cancer,and 7 and 15 fields were applied.The 15-field plans had 30 segments and the 7-field plans had 55 segments.The initial beam angle degrees were 0° and 180°,respectively.Dose delivery time,MUs of plans,the dose distributions of the targets,organs at risk and normal tissues were analyzed and compared in the plans.Results Compared the plans with different beam directions under the same amount,no difference of the irradiation dosimetry in the target and organs at risk was found,except for irradiation dosimetry received by the 7-field 180° small intestine was about 4％ higher than the other three plans(F=6.164,P＜0.05).The terms of the volume of organs at risk got high dose irradiation(V40 and V30 of the rectum and bladder,V40 of the small intestine),which was similar in the 7-and 15-field plans.V20 and Dmean of organs at risk were significantly smaller(F=3.665-10.503,P＜0.05)in the 15-field plans.The 15-field plans needed a little longer treatment time(F=0.312,P＜0.05)and HI was slightly worse (F=12.933,P＜0.05),but the number of MUs was significantly reduced(F=4.650,P＜0.05).Conclusions Increasing the beam number will offset the negative impact of sub field reduction and get the similar dose distribution result.

Objective To investigate the relationship between tumor metastasis-related Rac1 mRNA expression levels and gastric carcinomas metastasis, and to investigate the significance of Rac1 as a tumor marker for the evaluation of gastric carcinomas metastasis and distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Methods This experiment used fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR TaqMan probe technology, chose Rac1 target gene fragment, which was cloned into the pET-20b (+) vector, constructed recombinant plasmid, and established the Rac1 mRNA fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR standard curve. And then the Rac1 mRNA levels were detected in 52 cases of gastric carcinoma tissues,52 cases of para-carcinoma tissues and 12 cases of benign gastric disease tissues. Its association with the metastasis of gastric carcinomas was analyzed. Results The positive rates and levels (median, P25-P75) of Rac1 mRNA were 100. 0% ,7.41 ×105 (3. 50 × 105-4. 36 × 106) copies/μl in gastric carcinomas, 46. 2% ,0(0-1.73 × 104) copies/μl in parscarcinoma tissues, 33. 3%, 0(0-3.55 × 103) copies/μl in benign tissues. The positive rates and leves(x2 =43.16,x2Xk-w = 64. 19, P ＜0. 01)among the three groups were significantly different. When the critical value of Rac1 mRNA level was 1.73 × 104 copies/μl determined by ROC, the sensitivity and specificity were 88. 5% and 100% respectively. When the critical value of Rac1 level was 7.49 × 105 copies/μl, the sensitivity and specificity were 57.9% and 78. 6% respectively. ConclusionThe Rac1 mRNA level detected with fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR has reference value to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions and evaluate gastric carcinoma metastasis.

Objective To understand pathological TDP-43 features in the central nervous systems of patients with clinically and autopsy confirmed motor neuron disease (MND).Methods The clinical and histopathological features of 4 cases with MND confirmed by autopsy were summarized; anti-ubiquitin (Ub) and anti-TDP-43 immunohistochemical staining were carried out on tissue of brains and spinal cords from 4 cases with MND and 3 control cases without history of neurological disorders.Results These 4 cases presented with typical clinical and histologic features of MND.Ub-positive inclusions were observed in brain and spinal cord from 3 cases with the Ub-positive inclusions of skein-round-and lewy body-like structures.Strong TDP-43 pathological staining in brain and spinal cord was identified in 2 cases with MND presented as neuronal and glial cytoplasmic inclusions with various shapes.The TDP-43 positive inclusions were widely distributed in the motor cortex of brain and the anterior horn of spinal cord.TDP-43 weak staining in the spinal cord tissue was observed in 1 case with MND.No Ub-and TDP-43 positive inclusions were found in 3 control cases.Conclusion There is widespread pathological TDP-43 expression in the central nervous system of MND.TDP-43 positive inclusions in MND have relatively high specificity.It is worth further study on their formation mechanism.

Objective To investigate the striatum neurochemistry in chorea-acanthocytosis(ChAc).Methods The brain samples of autopsy from 4 ChAc patients , 2 Huntington disease patients and 4 normal controls were collected.Immunostainings of enkephalin, substance P, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and Calbindin-D28k were carried out.Softwares were used to perform image and statistical analyses.Results In ChAc patients , the stainings of enkephalin , substance P and GAD were decreased , while the staining of Calbindin-D28k was increased.In comparison with normal controls , the staining of encephalin in the external segment of globus pallidus (16%(4%) vs 20%(1%),Mann-Whitney U test,Z=-2.337, P=0.029) and the stainings of substance P (12%(3%) vs 22%(1%),Mann-Whitney U test,Z=-2.352, P=0.029 ) and GAD in the internal segment of globus pallidus ( 25% ( 11%) vs 33%( 4%) , Mann-Whitney U test, Z =-2.323, P =0.029 ) were decreased in ChAc patients.Conclusions In ChAc patients, the decrease of substance P was more obvious than encephalin.The increase of Calbindin-D28k may be a protective compensation for the neuron damage.