Objective To track and evaluate the implementation and application of the occupational health standard Radiation shielding requirements for radiotherapy room—Part 4: Radiotherapy room of ²⁵²Cf neutron afterloading (GBZ/T 201.4-2015) by radiation health technical service agencies, medical institutions, health supervision agencies, and radiotherapy facility design units, and to provide a scientific basis for the further revision and implementation of this standard. Methods Following the Guideline for health standards tracking evaluation (WS/T 536-2017) and the project implementation plan, relevant practitioners were randomly selected for a questionnaire survey. The survey primarily focused on their awareness, standard training, application, and revision suggestions of GBZ/T 201.4-2015. The results were summarized and analyzed. Results A total of 168 evaluation questionnaires were collected from relevant practitioners in 28 provinces. Only 31.6% of the respondents reported being “well familiar” or “ familiar” with the standard, 27.4% of the respondents believed that the standard was widely used, and 45.2% of the respondents believed that the standard could meet the needs of their work. Only 14.9% of the respondents had received relevant training on the standard, more than half of the respondents had not applied the standard within the past 10 years, and 45.2% of the respondents believed that the standard "needs to be revised". Conclusion Due to the small number of californium-252 neutron afterloading radiotherapy devices in operation on the market, the overall awareness of the standard is low, suggesting that relevant authorities need to strengthen training and publicity of the standard, and that certain sections of the standard need to be revised or merged.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among all malignant tumors, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 80%-85% of all lung cancers. Lobectomy and lymph node dissection are one of the most important treatment methods, and lymph node dissection, as an important part, has attracted much attention. And its mode and scope of dissection may affect postoperative complications, particularly the occurrence of chronic cough. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of lymph node dissection on postoperative chronic cough in patients with NSCLC undergoing lobectomy, and to provide clinical evidence for optimizing surgical strategy and reducing postoperative chronic cough. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 365 NSCLC patients who underwent lobectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from December 2020 to December 2023. The relationship between clinical characteristics and postoperative chronic cough was analyzed. The Chinese version of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ-MC) scores were collected from the patients at 2 time points: 1 day before surgery and 8 weeks after surgery. Patients were divided according to lymph node dissection methods, to explore the relationship between lymph node dissection and chronic cough after lobectomy. Additionally, patients were divided into chronic cough and non-chronic cough groups based on the presence of postoperative chronic cough, to investigate whether perioperative data, lymph node dissection methods, and lymph node dissection regions were influencing factors. RESULTS: Patients undergoing lobectomy were more likely to have chronic cough after surgery in the systematic lymph node dissection group than in the lymph node sampling group (P<0.05). LCQ-MC scale evaluation showed that the psychological, physiological, social and total score of the patients in systematic lymph node dissection group were significantly lower than those in lymph node sampling group (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that anesthesia time, operation site, lymph node dissection method, whether to perform upper mediastinal lymph node dissection, number of upper mediastinal lymph node dissection, whether to perform lower mediastinal lymph node dissection and total number of lymph node dissection were independent risk factors for postoperative chronic cough in NSCLC patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS When NSCLC patients underwent lobectomy, lymph node sampling was associated with a significantly lower risk of chronic cough than systematic lymph node dissection. Dissecting lymph nodes in the upper and lower mediastinal regions and the number of lymph nodes dissected may increase the risk of postoperative cough and reduce the quality of life of patients after surgery.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/surgery* ; Male ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Cough/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Lymph Node Excision/methods* ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Postoperative Complications/etiology* ; Adult ; Lymph Nodes/surgery* ; Pneumonectomy/adverse effects* ; Chronic Cough

Objective To explore the effects of small incision in situ release on surgical indications,nerve conduction velocity and upper limb function in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS).Methods A total of 100 CTS patients admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2022 were selected,they were randomly divided into the control group(50 cases,treated with traditional carpal tunnel release)and the observation group(50 cases,treated with small incision in situ release),the clinical data of CTS patients were collected and surgical indications,nerve conduction velocity,upper limb function and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate was 98.00％in the observation group and 84.00％in the control group(P＜0.05).In the observation group,the length of incision was(1.65±0.29)cm,the time of opening and closing incision was(4.85±1.02)min,the hospitalization time was(3.24±0.62)d,the intraoperative blood loss was(17.88±3.53)mL,and the VAS score was(3.03±0.56)points one day after operation.The control group were(4.02±0.81)cm,(10.06±2.28)min,(7.11±1.34)d,(24.37±5.27)ml,(4.04± 0.89)points,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).After treatment,The thumle-wrist sensory conduction velocity of CTS patients in the study group was(46.05±8.39)m/s,the middle finger-wrist sensory conduction velocity was(45.05±8.95)m/s,the thenar muscles-wrist motor conduction velocity was(53.94±11.47)m/s,the FIM ADL score was(34.38±7.22)points,and FMA The upper limb score was(34.23±7.25)points,and the control group was(41.86±8.22)m/s,(40.88±8.28)m/s,(49.05±10.01)m/s,(27.81±6.01)points,(41.05±9.19)points.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total incidence of complications was 4.00％in the observation group and 20.00％in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Small incision in situ release is effective in the treatment of CTS patients,which can improve the surgical indications and nerve conduction velocity,help patients recover upper limb function,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective To establish testing and evaluation methods for radiation shielding performance of a self-shielded radiotherapy system by measuring the radiation levels around the self-shielded head and neck radiotherapy system. Methods A total of 14 monitoring points were selected outside the restricted zone of the system. Under radiation conditions from five different fixed directions, an ion chamber survey meter was used to measure and identify the maximum ambient dose equivalent rate at the 14 points. The time-averaged dose rate was then calculated based on the workload. In accordance with relevant radiation protection standards, an instantaneous dose rate of 10 μSv/h and a time-averaged dose rate of 2.0 μSv/h were proposed as the criteria for shielding protection evaluation. Results Based on the ambient dose equivalent rates at the 14 monitoring points outside the restricted zone, the maximum instantaneous dose rate outside the restricted zone was 7.4 μSv/h. With a workload of 15 patients per day, the maximum time-averaged dose rate was 1.0 μSv/h, which can be used as the criteria for shielding protection evaluation. Conclusion By considering both instantaneous dose rate and time-averaged dose rate, a comprehensive safety assessment of the radiation shielding performance of a self-shielded radiotherapy system can be conducted.

Background and objective Cough is one of the main complications after pulmonary surgery,which seriously affects the postoperative quality of life.Preserving the pulmonary branch of vagus nerve may reduce the incidence of postoperative cough.Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate whether preserving the pulmonary branch of the vagus nerve could reduce the incidence of postoperative chronic cough in patients with stage I peripheral lung adenocarcinoma.Methods A total of 125 patients who underwent single-port thoracoscopic radical resection for lung cancer in the Depart-ment of Thoracic Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from June 2022 to June 2023 were retrospectively selected,and divided into two groups according to whether the vagopulmonary branch was preserved during the operation,namely,the vagopulmonary branch group(n=61)and the traditional group(n=64).The general clinical data,perioperative conditions,lymph node dissection,Mandarin Chinese version of The Leicester Cough Questionnaire(LCQ-MC)scores before and 8 weeks after operation were recorded in the two groups.Both the two groups were divided into tamponade group and non-tamponade group according to whether autologous fat or gelatin sponge was tamponade after lymph node dissection.LCQ-MC scores and postoperative chronic cough of both groups were calculated.Results The LCQ-MC score of the traditional group was significantly lower than that of the vagopulmonary branch group in physiological,psychological,social and total scores at 8 weeks after surgery,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were more cough patients in the traditional group than the vagopulmonary branch group at 8 weeks after surgery,with significant difference(P=0.006).Subgroup analysis was conducted separately for the vagopulmonary branch group and the traditional group.Among the patients in the vagopulmonary branch group and the traditional group,the LCQ-MC scores of the non-tamponade group 8 weeks after surgery were lower than those of the tamponade group(P<0.05).There were more patients with cough in the group 8 weeks after surgery than in the tamponade group(P=0.001,P=0.024).Conclusion For patients with stage I peripheral lung adenocarcinoma,the preservation of the pulmonary branch of vagus nerve is safe and effective,which can reduce the incidence of postoperative chronic cough and improve the postoperative quality of life of the patients.

Objective　: To verify the feasibility of using a homemade lung phantom for quality control of Cyberknife by comparing the measurement results of the homemade lung phantom and CIRS dynamic phantom in E2E testing of Cyberknife lung tracking.  Methods　 : The patient treatment process was simulated, including CT positioning, plan design, irra- diation implementation, film scanning, and analysis using the homemade phantom and CIRS phantom. The two phantoms were measured five times using MLC under the S7 generation Cyberknife and five times using Iris under the M6 generation Cyberknife. The differences in measurement results between the two phantoms were analyzed using independent sample t-test. Results　: For the S7 generation Cyberknife, the statistical analysis of differences between the two phantoms in the detection values on the X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, and total deviation showed P values of 0.236, 0.175, 0.289, and 0.668, respect- ively. For the M6 generation Cyberknife, the statistical analysis showed P values of 0.880, 0.891, 0.573, and 0.433, respect- ively. The P values were all > 0.05. Therefore, there were no statistically significant differences in the detection results between the homemade lung phantom and the CIRS phantom under the S7 and M6 generation Cyberknife. The total deviation values were <1.5 mm. Conclusion　 The homemade lung phantom and CIRS phantom have consistent measurement results in the E2E testing of Cyberknife lung tracking and meet the requirements of Report of AAPM TG-135 and WS 667- 2019 standard. Therefore, the homemade lung phantom is feasible for clinical quality control of Cyberknife.

In recent years, the number of lung surgeries has increased year by year, and the number of patients with postoperative cough has also increased gradually. Chronic cough after lung surgery seriously affects patients' quality of life and surgical outcome, and has become one of the clinical problems that clinicians need to solve. However, there is currently no guideline or consensus for the treatment of chronic cough after lung surgery in China, and there is no standardized treatment method. Therefore, we searched databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases ect. from 2000 to 2023 to collected relevant literatures and research data, and produced the first expert consensus on chronic cough after lung surgery in China by Delphi method. We gave 11 recommendations from five perspectives including timing of chronic cough treatment, risk factors (surgical method, lymph node dissection method, anesthesia method), prevention methods (preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative), and treatment methods (etiological treatment, cough suppressive drug treatment, traditional Chinese medicine treatment, and postoperative physical therapy). We hope that this consensus can improve the standardization and effectiveness of chronic cough treatment after lung surgery, provide reference for clinical doctors, and ultimately improve the quality of life of patients with chronic cough after lung surgery.

Objective: To explore the relationship between pulmonary function, physical activity, and health-related quality of life (QoL) in resected lung cancer patients based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework developed by the World Health Organization to describe health and health-related states. Methods: A quantitative study was designed with postoperative lung cancer survivors to assess personal characteristics. We also assessed functional impairment related to the lung using forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1), activity limitations using maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), anaerobic threshold (AT) and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), and participation restriction using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey V1 (SF-36). Data analyses were conducted using the multivariate method and Smart- PLS to examine path coefficient among the measures. Results: Forty-one patients were enrolled in this study. FVC and FEV1 were poorly correlated with QoL, and 6MWD, AT, or VO2max were positively associated with QoL. AT or VO2max showed a significant (p<0.01) direct path with SF-36 in the ICF model. Although age and body mass index were not strongly correlated with QoL, these personal factors had a medium to large effect on perceived QoL. Conclusion Disability is a complex in patients with lung resection, and physical activity plays an important role in enabling participation. Improving VO2max and AT is needed to improve the QoL of resected lung cancer patients. We should also pay more attention to contextual factors that have a significant impact on social participation.

Objective To investigate the effects of CeO2 NP subacute exposure on body weight,organ structures,and redox indicators in male mice.Methods Thirty-five male ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups with seven mice in each group.Normal control and CeO2 NP(100,500,1000 and 5000 μg/kg)groups were included.Mice were injected with CeO2 NPs intraperitoneally every other day for 28 days.Results Compared with the control group,no significant difference was found in weight gain(P>0.05),but significant differences were observed in the liver coefficient,epididymal coefficient,and sperm survival rate(P<0.01).In the 5000 μg/kg group,CeO2 NPs were deposited in the liver and spleen,and granuloma was found SOD and GSH-Px activities in serum of the 100 μg/kg group were increased,while MDA content was decreased,which indicated the antioxidant effect of CeO2 NPs.With the increase in dose,oxidative stress induced by CeO2 NPs was enhanced.Conclusions Low-dose-CeO2 NPs are safe and exert an antioxidant effect.With the increase in dose,the toxicity of CeO2 NPs also increases gradually.

Objective:To evaluate the radiation shielding performance for a novel self-shielded ZAP-X radiotherapy system used for intra-cranial and neck treatments. The present evaluation was performed according to the relevant Chinese national standards and the clinical placement of the radiotherapy system in an unshielded treatment room.Methods:The radiation source of the ZAP-X was a 3 MV linear accelerator. A total of 33 detection sites were selected surrounding the self-shielded system at 1.3, 2.3 and 3.3 m away from the periphery of the equipment. The maximum ambient dose equivalent rate in each irradiation condition was measured accordingly. A commonly used clinical treatment plan was selected to simulate the treatment process. During the delivery of this treatment plan, the cumulative doses of these 33 sites were measured, separately. The applicable current radiation protection standard for radiotherapy in China was chosen to evaluate the radiation shielding performance of the system.Results:According to the measurement result of the ambient dose equivalent rates along the aforementioned perimeter lines, a suggestion was put forward to redefine the existing 1 m controlled area by determining the distance at which the instantaneous dose rate of 10 μSv/h will not be exceeded. This is to meet the requirements of the Chinese standard GBZ 121-2020.Conclusions:According to the existing Chinese national radiation protection standards, the self-shielded radiotherapy system in the unshielded treatment room has the clinical applicability in China. But for such a novel self-shielded system, the corresponding performance testing and radiation protection standards shall be formulated.