Objective To explore the clinical effect of auricle reconstruction with expanded auricle posterior flap on mastoidea and auto rib cartilage bracket for repair of congenital microtia.Methods Twenty-one eligible patients with congenital auricle malformation and defect were recruited into this study and three-stage operation was performed.A 50 ml kidney-shaped expander was implanted at mastoid process area to expand skin in stage Ⅰ surgery,followed by a regular affusion to expand skin for 3 to 4 months.The average total waterflood was (80.51 ± 3.87) ml.The volume remained stable for 1 month,once up to the predetermined amount.In stage Ⅱ surgery autogenous costal cartilage was taken and carved into inverted conch shape.Auricle was reconstructed with the expanded flap to cover the auto rib cartilage bracket.The stage Ⅲ surgery was performed for details dressing of the auricle after 3 months.Results All 21 cases underwent operation successfully.Reconstructed ear auricles were similar to uninjured sides in size and shape.Both doctors and patients were contented with the auricles.Conclusions Expanded auricle posterior flap on mastoidea can cover the auto rib cartilage bracket.Autologous costal cartilage can be carved to four layers cartilage bracket that likes an inverted conch,and followed by realistic postoperative auricular shape and strong three-dimensional sense after operation.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of autologous cartilage following unilateral cleft lip and palate repair on correction of secondary complex deformity.Methods 17 patients with complex secondary cleft palate were enrolled in this study from December 2004 to December 2014.Correction of nasal and lip deformity and oronasal fistula were achieved at the same time.The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated after follow-up from 3 months to 2 years after operation.Results All 17 patients received satisfactory results,of which 14 patients were satisfied and three cases of general satisfaction.Conclusions Satisfactory results are received by using autologous rib cartilage to repair secondary complex deformity of unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Objective To investigate the application of multiple dilators for excessive expansion of scalp with hair covering and integrated use of expanded flap to repair cicatricial alopecia in a large area.Methods stage Ⅰ surgery was performed as follows:multiple dilators were chosed and embedded below the galea aponeurotica of the scalp with hair covering according to the bald hair shape,size of the alopecia area.Excessive expansion was conducted for 3 to 6 months to get the extra hair scalp.Stage Ⅱ surgery was as follows:Dilators were removed and scar areas were resected,followed by combined use of sliding advancement flap,rotation flap and translocation flap to repair scalp alopecia.Resluts The postoperative effect of all patients was ideal with satisfied appearance.Conclusions Multiple dilator excessive expansion may obtain a large number of additional expansion scalp,combined by reasonable use of skin flap transfer technology,which can be used to repair the large scarring alopecia and get a good clinical effect.

Objective To evaluate the utility of short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence in the diagnosis of hippocampal sclerosis ( HS).Methods Twenty-one patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy without neoplasm lesions or injuries by conventional MRI sequence including T1WI,T2WI and FLAIR were included in this study.STIR imaging in axial,coronal and sagittal sequences was performed on these patients. Diagnosis of HS was based on the findings of hippocampal atrophy,alteration signal,disturbed internal structure and enlargement of the inferior horn. The findings shown on conventional MRI were compared with those on STIR sequence. Furthermore,the correlation of radiologic and histological findings was investigated in 6 patients operated for refractory seizures. Results On conventional MRI sequence,14 patients (66.7％) were confirmed with unilateral HS and 4 patients were suspected with unilateral HS. In contrast,all these 18 patients (85.7％) were confirmed with unilateral HS by STIR.Particularly,STIR sequence delineated the internal structure of hippocampus more clearly than conventional MRI sequences did. C shaped contour in subiculum-CA1-CA2 was revealed in normal hippocampus on STIR sequence and disappeared in HS,correlated to the pathology finding of loss of neuron in CA1 in resected tissues in 6 operated patients.The patients with HS also showed areas of hypodensity in CA4 on STIR,in accordance with pathologic findings of gliosis in this area in the 6 operated patients.Conclusion STIR sequence could depict the internal anatomical structure of hippocampus with high resolution superior to conventional MRI sequences,and can be of great value in the diagnosis of HS.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of modified bony landmark measurement ( MBLM ) to deal with leg length discrepancy ( LLD ) during total hip arthroplasty ( THA ). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the 36 patients in whom MBLM was used to deal with LLD during THA from January 2014 to May 2015 at Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Fuzhou. They were 17 men and 19 women, aged from 42 to 78 years ( average, 68.7 ± 10.1 years ). They were divided into 3 groups according to their pre-operative LLD value ( d ) : 16 cases in group A with d≤10 mm, 11 cases in group B with 10 mm ＜d≤20 mm and 9 cases in group C with d ＞ 20 mm. After the sizes of prosthetic cup and femoral component and the location of implant were determined using preoperative X-ray, a special formula was used to calculate the prosthetic length of femoral head neck and the osteotomy area at the femoral neck. MBLM was used to measure the leg lengths before hip joint dislocation and after placement of the hip implant. The neck length and depth of the femoral component was adjusted according to the measurements. Post-operative X-ray was used to measure the LLD ( d'). The value of MBLM in judgment of LLD during THA was assessed by comparison of d and d' and analysis of distribution of d' . Results The postoperative d' ( 6.0 ± 3.0 mm) was signifi-cantly shorter than the preoperative d ( 11.0 ± 5.0 mm) ( t＝5.145, P ＜0.001 ). There were 30 cases with d' ≤ 10 mm, 6 cases with 10 mm ＜d'≤ 20 mm and 0 case with d' ＞ 20 mm. The cases with d'≤ 10 mm were significantly more than those with d ≤ 10 mm and the cases with d' ＞ 20 mm significantly fewer than those with d ＞ 20 mm ( χ2＝15.500, P＝0.000 ) . Conclusion MBLM used during THA is a reliable method to judge the leg lengths so that LLD can be effectively reduced after THA.

Sporotrichosis has been classified as "neglected tropical diseases" by the World Health Organization. In recent years, researches on sporotrichosis have gradually increased. This review summarizes recent progress in sporotrichosis in terms of pathogens, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and vaccines.

Stem cell research has become a frontier in the field of life sciences, and provides an ideal model for exploring developmental biology problems such as embryogenesis, histiocytosis, and gene expression regulation, as well as opens up new doors for clinical tissue defective and inheritance diseases. Among them, menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) are characterized by wide source, multi-directional differentiation potential, low immune rejection characteristics. Thus, MenSCs can achieve individual treatment and have the most advantage of the clinical application. The central nervous system, including brain and spinal cord, is susceptible to injury. And lethality and morbidity of them tops the list of all types of trauma. Compared to peripheral nervous system, recovery of central nervous system after damage remains extremely hard. However, the treatment of stem cells, especially MenSCs, is expected to solve this problem. Therefore, biological characteristics of MenSCs and their treatment in the respect of central nervous system diseases have been reviewed at home and abroad in recent years, so as to provide reference for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.