Objective The main purpose is to investigate the status of brucellosis infection in high-risk areas of Urumqi and population characteristics,and to provide a basis for prevention of brucellosis.Methods In Urumqi City,Dabancheng District,Gaoxin District,Midong,Zone and Urumqi County were selected as survey sites;according to pastoral,agro-pastoral and agricultural,all towns in each survey site were classified into three categories;150 to 200 residents in each township were selected as subjects.Basic demographic information was collected,and blood samples were collected for serological detection.rose bengal plate agglutination test (RBPT) was used for preliminary screening,RBPT positive persons were further confirmed by standard tube agglutination test (SAT).Different regions,gender,age,occupation,exposure difference and brucellosis infection rates were studied.x2 test was used to compare rates.Results The infection rate was 5.42％ (29/535).Furthermore,the infection rate ofthe Dabancheng District [10.34％ (12/116)] was higher than those of Gaoxin District [2.94％ (3/102)] and Urumqi County [2.58％ (4/155),x2 =4.643,7.199,all P ＜ 0.05],the differences were statistically significant (x2 =9.327,P ＜0.05).Besides,infection rate of the average exposure occupation [8.33％ (24/288)] was higher than those of low exposure occupation [0(0/61)] and high exposure occupation [2.72％ (5/184),x2 =5.459,6.140,all P ＜ 0.05].The differences were statistically significant (x2 =10.846,P ＜ 0.05).The differences of infection rates in ages and nations showed no statistical significance (x2 =2.396,4.639,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions High risk areas of brucellosis are still exist in Urumqi.Health education should be strengthened in the future,in order to enhance residents' seff-protection awareness in exposed population.

Objective:To explore the different patterns of brain structural abnormalities in patients with delayed neuromyelitis optica pedigree disease (LO-NMOSD) and its relationship with clinical neuropsychological scale score based on the quantitative analysis of three-dimensional (3D) brain structure MRI.Methods:Patients with neuromyelitis optica pedigree disease in remission (NMOSD group) who received treatment at Jilin University First Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were prospectively included and divided into LO-NMOSD subgroup and early-onset NMOSD (EO-NMOSD) subgroup according to whether the age of first onset was>50 years. Another age-and sex-matched healthy volunteers with NMOSD patients were recruited as the control group. 3D brain T 1WI and T 2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence imaging were acquired, and clinical data, neuropsychological scores of all subjects were analyzed. Total gray matter volume (GMV), cerebral gray matter fraction (GMF), cerebral white matter fraction (WMF), and cerebral white matter high signal fraction (WMHF) were obtained by quantitative analysis of MRI data using voxel-based morphology and lesion segmentation tool techniques. Analysis of covariance was used to compare the differences in brain structure between LO-NMOSD subgroup and EO-NMOSD subgroup, NMOSD group and control group. Partial correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between GMF, WMHF and patient clinical data, neuropsychological scale scores, and the correlation between WMHF and GMF, WMF. Results:There were 47 cases in the NMOSD group, including 7 males and 40 females aged 18-66 years. Among them, there were 20 cases in the LO-NMOSD subgroup and 27 cases in the EO-NMODS subgroup. The control group consisted of 50 individuals (13 males and 37 females, aged 18 to 77 years). Compared with the control group, the GMV of the right caudate nucleus in the LO-NMOSD group was reduced ( t=3.33, P<0.05), and the GMV of multiple brain regions in the bilateral frontal and temporal lobes in the EO-NMOSD group was reduced considerably (FDR corrected, P<0.05), which was consistent with the NMOSD group. After adjusting for age, there was no statistically significant difference in WMHF between the LO-NMOSD and EO-NMOSD groups ( F=0.22, P=0.644). The LO-NMOSD subgroup showed a negative correlation between global GMF and the extended disability status scale (EDSS) score ( r=-0.53, P=0.025). WMHF in the NMOSD group was positively correlated with annual recurrence rate and EDSS ( r=0.35 and 0.35, respectively, and P=0.017 and 0.018, respectively), while other indicators were not correlated ( P>0.05). The EO-NMOSD subgroup WMHF showed a negative correlation with GMF and WMF ( r=-0.76, -0.70, respectively, P<0.001). The NMOSD group showed a negative correlation between WMHF and GMF, WMF ( r=-0.38, -0.55, respectively, P<0.05). There was no correlation between WMHF and GMF, WMF in the LO-NMOSD subgroup ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The extent and location of gray matter atrophy in patients with LO-NMOSD are different from those of EO-NMOSD. The correlation between WMHF and brain structural changes and clinical data is different between the two groups of patients. These suggest that LO-NMOSD patients may have different patterns of brain structural damage.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the rationality of perioperative prophylactic application of antibiotics in typeⅠincision operation of neurosurgery. METHODS:Medical records of 794 patients with typeⅠincision operation of neurosurgery were collected from our hospital during Jan.-Dec. 2016 in order to retrospectively investigate the perioperative prophylactic application of antibiotics and evaluate the rationality of drug use. RESULTS:Among all the 794 cases,433 used antibiotics for prophylaxis (single type was used in all cases),with utilization rate of 54.53％. Cefazolin(51.73％)and cefuroxime(21.48％)were the most frequently used antibiotics. The prophylactic application rate of 30 min-1 h before surgery was 85.45％ in 433 patients. Patients with prophylactic medication course≤24 h accounted for 68.36％. The main irrational drug use manifestations were long medication time(31.64％)and improper antibiotics selection(26.10％);other manifestations included improper medication timing(14.55％),etc. CONCLUSIONS:Unreasonable perioperative prophylactic application of antibiotics in typeⅠincision operation of neurosurgery exists in our hospital,such as improper drug selection,improper medication timing,long medication course. It is necessary to further strengthen the comprehensive interventions,so as to promote the rational use of antibiotics.

Bow hunter′s syndrome, also known as vertebral basilar artery insufficiency, is a rare disease characterized by post?circulation blood supply insufficiency caused by mechanical or stenosis of the vertebral artery when the head and neck rotate or over?extend. To date, few cases regarding the bilateral hunter′s bow syndrome concurrent with epilepsy have been reported. A 29?year?old man was admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University due to seizures. Results from transcranial Doppler ultrasound and carotid ultrasound showed that the patient had bilateral hunter′s bow syndrome. Further imaging examination showed that the syndrome was caused by congenital bone fusion which resulted in mechanical occlusion of C1-C2 vertebral artery. This case indicates that seizures are closely related to hunter′s bow syndrome.

Bow hunter′s syndrome, also known as vertebral basilar artery insufficiency, is a rare disease characterized by post-circulation blood supply insufficiency caused by mechanical or stenosis of the vertebral artery when the head and neck rotate or over-extend. To date, few cases regarding the bilateral hunter′s bow syndrome concurrent with epilepsy have been reported. A 29-year-old man was admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University due to seizures. Results from transcranial Doppler ultrasound and carotid ultrasound showed that the patient had bilateral hunter′s bow syndrome. Further imaging examination showed that the syndrome was caused by congenital bone fusion which resulted in mechanical occlusion of C₁-C₂ vertebral artery. This case indicates that seizures are closely related to hunter′s bow syndrome.