Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are gelatinases of matrix metalloproteinase family,which play a crucial role in the cancer cell growth,differentiation,invasion,migration,the regulation of tumour angiogenesis and immune surveillance because of their ability to degrade extracellular matrix proteins.So they are significantly associated with development and progression of various tumors.In recent years,the inhibitors and drugs against MMP-2 and MMP-9 arouse wide concern.

Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs)have various pathological types,extremely different biological behaviors,and different progno-sis.Current diagnosis of PCLs mainly depends on a comprehensive analysis of the patient's medical history,clinical manifestations,imaging examinations,serological examinations,fine needle aspiration biopsy,and cytological examination of cyst fluid.Needle -based confocal la-ser endomicroscopy (nCLE)is a novel method of microscopic endoscopy and is compatible with 19 -gauge puncture needle.Under the guid-ance of endoscopic ultrasound,nCLE can achieve real -time in vivo imaging of the cellular and subcellular structures of diseased tissues and thus helps with the accurate diagnosis of PCLs.This article reviews the application of nCLE in the diagnosis of PCLs.

To investigate the role of rehabilitation therapy both on nutritional status and intestinal adaptation of patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Methods The literatures about rehabilitation therapy for SBS were reviewed. Results Intestinal rehabilitation refers to the process of restoring enteral autonomy, in order to get rid of parenteral nutrition, usually by means of dietary, medical, and surgical treatment. Recent researches showed that medication and the use of specific nutrients and growth factors could stimulate intestinal absorption and might be useful in the medical management of SBS. Conclusion Intestinal rehabilitation is of benefit in the treatment of SBS and would play a greater role in the future.

156 stroke patients were assessed retrospectively by Self Depression Scale. The incidence of depression after stroke,and the relationship of depression between age, course, location of impairment, the character of the stroke,and ADL ability were included in the study. The conclusion showed that depression was related significantly to severe impairment in ADL.

Objective To measure the serum levels of IL-32 and chemokine CXCL13 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and explore their clinical value. Methods The serum levels of IL-32 and chemokine CXCL13 were meas-ured by ELISA methods in 102 patients with RA and 50 healthy controls;analyzed the correlation among the IL-32, chemokine CXCL13 and the clinical data, inflammation maker of RA, such as X-ray stage, the bone destruction, the number of tender joints, the number of swollen joints, DAS28,ESR,CRP,CCP,RF,TNF-α,IL-6, etc. Results The serum levels of IL-32 and chemokine CXCL13 were significantly higher in RA patients than that in healthy controls(P<0.05). Moreover,the serum levels of IL-32 and chemokine CXCL13 those patients who had bone de-struction were higher than those with no or mild bone destructions(P<0.05);there was a positive correlation be-tween IL-32, chemokine CXCL13 and X-ray stage, the bone destruction, DAS28, ESR,CRP,CCP,TNF-α,IL-6. Especially, there was a positive correlation between IL-32 and chemokine CXCL13 (r=0.509,P=0.000). How-ever, there was no relationship with the number of swollen joints, tender joints, and RF. Conclusion The serum levels of IL-32 and chemokine CXCL13 were increased significantly,which was closly related with the disease activ-ity and inflammation maker. The results indicate that the abnormality of IL-32 and chemokine CXCL13 may be use-ful for the evaluation of disease activity and monitoring the progress of the disease.

Objective To analyse the factors influencing the death of patients with aortic dissection (Stanford type A arota dissection) who underwent urgent surgery.Methods The clinical data of 197 patients with aortic dissection (Stanford type A arota dissection) treated with urgent surgery from the First Affiliate Hosiptal of Xinjiang Medical University were retrospectively analyzed between January 2009 and June 2015 in order to determine the factors influencing the early-mortality.Results Of them,23 patietns dead.In univariant analysis,the rate of mortality was 11.68％.The following factors at admission were independetly associated with early-mortality:hypertension,coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,LVEF ≤ 50％,time consumed for CPB ≥ 180 min,time required for cross-clamping aorta ≥ 120 min,Cr ≥ 130 μmol/L,rethoracotomy for hemostasis (P ＜0.05).The preoperative renal failure (Cr≥130 μmol/L) and time consumed for cross-clamping aorta ≥ 120 min were strongly associated with the early-mortality based on the logistic regression analyses.Conclusions The risk of aortic dissection surgery is very high,and it is mondatory to carefully evaluate the patient' s general condition and the indications during peroperative period,and to take active measures to shorten the time of clamping aorta and total operation time in order to reduce the risk of operation and increase the survival rate of patients.

Objective:To compare the assessments of the presence or absence and the changes of post-treatment periapical lesions using periapical radiographs versus cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Methods:Imaging records were selected from a sample of 233 radiographic examinations (in-cluding periapical radiographs and CBCT)of patients with chronic apical periododontitis who received treatment and review in Department of Cariology and Endodontology of Peking University School of Stoma-tology.After testing the inter-observer and intra-observer agreement,two observers determined the pre-sence or absence of a periapical lesion and classified the changes of lesions in 4 categories:absence,re-duction or enlargement of lesion,or uncertain.The differences between CBCT and periapical radiographs in detecting the presence or absence and the changes of periapical lesions were compared using McNemar test and Fisher’s exact test respectively.Results:In the study,233 teeth were assessed with both periapi-cal radiographs and CBCT images.Periapical lesions were detected in 178 teeth on CBCT scans and in 146 teeth on periapical radiographs.CBCT images revealed a significantly larger number of lesions than were revealed by periapical radiographs (P <0.01 ).There was disagreement on the changes of lesions between the two radiological technologies in 25% teeth,and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01 ). Conclusion:Significant differences were observed between periapical radiographs and CBCT in detection of post-treatment periapical lesions and assessment of the changes of periapical lesions.

Objectives To investigate the incidence rate of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome(ACOS)in elderly male patients with stable COPD by following-up,and to explore the characteristics and clinical significance of pulmonary function for ACOS.Methods According to GOLD and Spain's guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD,we screened ACOS patients in 299 elderly male patients with stable COPD by following up in Beijing Hospital between 2003 and 2014.All patients were divided into 2 groups of 51 ACOS patients and 248 non-ACOS patients with COPD.All patients underwent pulmonary function tests and bronchial dilation test in the stable condition.The differences in pulmonary functions were compared between stable ACOS patients and non-ACOS patients with COPD.Results Among 299 elderly male patients with stable COPD,ACOS patients accounted for 17.1 ％ (51/299).Compared with nonACOS patients with stable COPD,ACOS patients had significantly lower baseline values in forced expiratory volume in 1 seconds(FEV1) [(61.0 ± 14.5) ％ pred vs.(74.4 ± 20.0) ％ pred],in forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds(FEV3) [(71.6± 14.3)％ pred vs.(82.7± 19.6)％ pred]and in forced vital capacity(FVC) [(84.6 ± 16.4)％ pred vs.(93.8 ± 20.6)％ pred],and also had significantly higher values in residual volume(RV)[(139.4±55.8)％ pred vs.(118.8±46.6)％ pred]and in RV/total lung capacity(TLC) [(52.7±10.7)％ pred vs.(48.1±10.9)％ pred],all P＜0.05.After bronchodilation test,there was no significant difference in FEV1,FEV3 and FVC between the two groups(all P＞0.05).Patients with stable ACOS had lower value in forced expiratory flow rat (FEF25％±75％)than those with non-ACOS in baseline [FEF25％-75％ ％ pred(26.8± 11.5) ％ vs.(36.1 ±17.5) ％ (P＜0.05)],and the improvement of small airway function was significantly better in ACOS patients than in non-ACOS patients after bronchodilation test (P＜0.05).Conclusions ACOS is very common in the elderly patients with COPD,stable ACOS patients have lower time vital capacity as compared with non-ACOS patients with stable COPD.But after bronchodilation test,the two groups have similar ventilation function,and the small airway function in ACOS patients improves more significantly.The ACOS patients have unique characteristics of pulmonary functions and suitable treatment may improve the prognosis.

0.05),but improved significantly the rise from day 3 to day 10 of serum fibronectin level 〔(22.8?5.8) mg/L vs.(9.6?3.6) mg/L,P