Professor JIANG Yu-ren,a famous pediatrist of TCM in present age,has been engaged in clinic,teaching and scientifi c research of TCM pediatrics for 60 years.His achievement is remarkable.Especially,he has rich clinical experience in acute febricity of paediatrics,such as critical encephalitis B and serious measles complicated by pneumonia.He puts forward the rule of treating measles with favourable prognosis by method of dispersing-promoting,cooling-relieving and nourishing ying,treating measles with reverse prognosis by method of clearing heat,cooling blood and reviving yang and treating measles complicated by pneumonia should use the method of promoting pathogenic factors,removing toxic substance and relieving exhaustion.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of electroacupuncture at the Governor Vessel points in treating chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI).Method Sixty CCCI patients were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by electroacupuncture at the Governor Vessel points [Baihui (GV20), Shenting (GV24), Fengfu (GV16) and Dazhui (GV14)] plus Betahistine hydrochloride tablets, while the control group was intervened by Betahistine hydrochloride tablets alone, 8 mg at each dose, 3 times a day. Two-week treatment was taken as a course, and 2 courses were conducted in total, followed by a 3-month follow-up study. The two groups were observed after the intervention to measure the improvement, meanwhile, both short-term and long-term therapeutic efficacies were evaluated.Result The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group versus 86.7% in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at the Governor Vessel points is an effective approach in treating CCCI, and it can produce a more significant therapeutic efficacy when used together with Betahistine hydrochloride compared to the use of Betahistine hydrochloride alone.

IgA nephropathy is a common primary glomerulopathy; the main clinical manifestation is hematuria, with or without proteinuria. However, the pathogenesis associated with mucosal immunity is not completely clear. At present, modern medical treatment delays the progression of IgA nephropathy mainly by controlling blood pressure, reducing proteinuria and delaying renal function failure. The method of combination of disease and syndrome of TCM has received satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of IgA nephropathy. Based on the relationship between mucosal immune and treated from pharynx, this article investigated the occurrence, development and treatment of IgA nephropathy.

Objective To investigate the effects of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) degradation induced by chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) on the rat flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) around the end of the critical period of visual development.Methods A total of 30 Long Evans rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to their age of 14,21 and 35 d.Then in each group,5 animals served as CSPGs degradation model induced by ChABC microinjection into 5 sites of the rat cortex [750 nL (48 U/ml) for 1 site,for 2 times at a 3-day interval],and the other 5 rats served as normal control and received normal saline microinjection.Immunofluorescence microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy were used to determine the establishment of animal model.F-VEPs were evaluated in 7 d after first microinjection.Results In the normal rats,the latency of F-VEP main wave became shorter with the increase of their age,the number was [(63.5?10.1),(50.8?6.4),(44.9?6.3) ms,P

Objective To explore the therapeutic effects and the mechanisms of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fp) on trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid-induced colitis.Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into healthy control group, colitis model control group, Fp pretreated group,Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group.Disease activity index (DAI),histological injury of colonic tissue,the content of butyrate in feces,forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral blood and spleen and the level of interlenkin (IL)-17 and IL-6 in serum were evaluated.All the data were statistical analyzed by single factor analysis of variance. Results Compared with colitis model control group, DAI significantly lowered and histological injury obviously improved in Fp pretreated group, Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group.The effects of Fp pretreated group were better than those of Fp treated group and Fp supernatant pretreated group were better than Fp supernatant treated group.The concentration of butyrate in Fp pretreated group,Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group was (3091.08 ±485.50) × 106 mol/L,(1714.64 ± 351.25) × 10(-8) mol/L,(2064.75 ± 295.04) × 10-6 mol/L and (1089.13±321.23) × 10-6 mol/L respectively,there was significant difference between Fp pretreated group and other groups (F=49.796,P＜0.01).The peripheral blood level of Foxp3+ Treg in Fp supernatant pretreated group was highest.The spleen level of Foxp3+ Treg in Fp pretreated group and Fp supernatant pretreated group were significantly higher than that of other groups.The serum level of IL-17 and IL-6 in Fp pretreated group,Fp supernatant pretreated group,Fp treated group and Fp supernatant treated group was significantly lower than that of colitis model group.Conclustons Fp plays a role in promoting the repair of intestinal inflammatory reaction in colitis model rats.The mechanism may be related with butyrate producing,the peripheral blood and spleen level of Foxp3+ Treg up-regulating,suppressing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 and IL-6.Rebuilding the balance of Treg/Th17 to reduce local intestinal inflammation.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fp) and its products in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis rats.Methods A total of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into healthy control group,colitis model group,Fp supernatant group,Fp bacteria group and Bifidobacterium longum (B.longum) group.The rats of the later four groups were enemaed with TNBS to establish the model.At five days before and one day after modeling,the rats were gavaged with phosphate buffer saline (PBS),the supernatant of Fp,live Fp bacteria and live B.longum respectively.Rats were executed at 48 hour after modeling.The colon tissues were taken for pathology examination.The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in fecal was tested by gas chromatography.The plasma level of interleukin-10 (IL- 10),interleukin-12 ( IL-12),interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay (ELISA) and the expression of IL-17 in intestinal mucosal tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry.The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the rats of colitis group suffered serious weight loss and their intestinal pathology score increased [(193.57±14) g vs (170.25±19.18) g,(1.00±0.99) vs (3.34±0.38),t=2.83 and 7.55,all P value＜0.05].The Fp supernatant group showed protective effects in terms of weight and intestinal pathology score [(187.00± 14.67) g,(2.50±0.44),t=2.1 and 2.9,all P＜0.05].Compared with healthy control group,the plasma and colon tissue IL-17 concentration of colitis model group increased (16.61 pg/ml±2.45 pg/ml vs 20.47 pg/ml± 1.45 pg/ml,0.83±0.98 vs 5.14±0.90) (all P＜0.05).Compared with the colitis model group,the plasma and colon tissue IL-17 concentration of Fp supernatant group decreased ( 17.54 pg/ml± 1.51 pg/ml and 2.86±0.69).Conclusion Fp can regulate immune response and suppress rat colonic inflammation,which may be related with the expression of IL-17.

Objective To study the application of cervical vertebral artery CT angiography(CTA) preoperatively in the screw setting of upper cervical spine.Methods The data of 170 patients who underwent upper cervical spine surgery from January 2014 to December 2015 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed,of whom 80 cases with typeⅡodontoid fractures,90 cases with atlantoaxial dislocation;20 cases were operated with occipitocervical fusion,150 cases treated with atlantoaxial fusion.Seventy-eight cases were examinated by cervical vertebral artery CTA before sugery(observation group) but the other 92 cases(control group).The rate of the vertebral arterial lesion between the two groups were compared.Results Six cases with vertebral artery injury in control group,the incidence of arterial injury was 7％;unilateral vertebral artery was found in 3 cases,small congenital development of left cervical vertebral artery in 5 case,abnormal branch in 5 cases.The rate of dysplasia was 17％,and the rate of vertebral artery injury was 0.The rate of vertebral artery injury in control group was higher than observation group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Vertebral artery CTA examination preoperatively may become a routine examination,in order to make the operator carefully evaluate the relationship between the vertebral artery with atlantoaxial vertebral,choose the accurate screw-setting and avoid the vertebral artery injury in the upper cervical spine surgery.

BACKGROUND:Infrapatelar fat pad is often partialy resected in the knee surgery, which can be used as an important source of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels. OBJECTIVE: To explore the strategies of isolation, culture, and identification of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels from the infrapatelar fat pad and to detect the expression of cel surface markers of human adipose-derived stem cels. METHODS: Infrapatelar fat pad was obtained from patients undergoing knee arthroscopy surgery, and attached cels were obtained from adipose tissue by using colagenase I. Cels were cultured in 10% low-sugar DMEM. Stem cels proliferation was detected by means of MTT and then, cel growth curve was made. The obtained cels were induced and differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes. Expressions of cel surface markers CD29 and CD44 were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A few of attached cels were observed after cultured 24 hours. Cels proliferated faster and exhibited spindle shape after 1 week. Cel adherence and proliferation were speeded up after subculture. Growth curve of cels exhibited that the passages 5 and 2 cels had higher reproductive activity than passage 8 cels. The obtained cels can be induced and differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes. Results from flow cytometry showed that 96.8% passage 5 cels expressed CD29 and 97.6% expressed CD44. These findings indicate that high-purity adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels with high reproductive ability are easy to be isolated from the infrapatelar fat pad, which may be a kind of ideal seed cels for cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and to assess the risk factors of ED in male post‐stroke patients .Methods One hundred and twenty six male post‐stroke patients were invited to par‐ticipate in this study .Patients were divided into ED group and non‐ED group according to the erectile function evaluated by Interna‐tional Index of Erectile Function‐5 (IIEF‐5) .The neurological impairment was measured using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) .Depressive symptoms was measured using the Hamilton Depression Scales (HAMD) .The global cognitive function was measured using the Mini mental Status Examination (MMSE) .The clinical and psychosocial factors were compared between the ED and non‐ED groups .Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the risk factors with ED .Results There were 38 patients (30 .2% ) with ED in all the 126 male post‐stroke patients .Univariate Logistic regression analyses revealed that hypertension ,diabetes ,ACEI ,and depression were significantly related to ED in male post‐stroke patients (P<0 .05) .Multivariate Logistic regression analyses revealed that ACEI and depression were independently associated with ED in male post‐stroke patients (P<0 .05) .Conclusion ED is common in Chinese male post‐stroke patients .ACEI and depression are the major determinants of ED .

BACKGROUND:Because insulin-like growth factor I has the ability to induce mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes, we hypothesized that the chondrogenic diferentiation of adipose-derived stem cels can be improvedvia insulin-like growth factor I transfection. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of insulin-like growth factor I transfection on chondrogenic potential of adipose-derived stem cels in vitroand tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling pathway. METHODS:Recombinant lentivirus plasmid pLVX-IGF-I-IRES-ZsGreenl was constructed and transferred into passage 3 adipose-derived stem cels, and then these stem cels were induced to diferentiate into chondrocytes (experimental group 1). Meanwhile, the cels transfected with pLVX-IRES-ZsGreenl were taken as green fluorescent protein/adipose mesenchymal stem cel group (experimental group 2), and those with no transfection acted as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mRNA expression of TWEAK was reduced in the experimental group 1 as compared with the other two groups, but the mRNA expressions of insulin-like growth factor I, Col2a1 and Sox9 were up-regulated in the experimental group 1. At the same time, the protein expression of matrix metaloproteinase-3 and TWEAK were down-regulated, while the protein expression of Col2a1 was increased in the insulin-like growth factor I-transfected cels in contrast to the cels modified with pLVX-IRES-ZsGreenl or with no transfection. These findings indicate that pLVX-IGF-I-IRES-ZsGreenl transfection of adipose-derived stem cels results in a higher expression of insulin-like growth factor I, and down-regulates the expression of TWEAK mRNA and protein, which improves the diferentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cels into chondrocytes.