Objective:To investigate the curative effect of early enteral nutrition support in patients with COPD complicated with respiratory failure.Methods: When mechanical ventilation began,63 patients in the acute phase of COPD complicated with respiratory failure were divided into two groups: the early enteral nutrition group(EEN group,n=32) or the delayed enteral nutrition group(DEN group,n=31).After two weeks,the nutritional indexes,the times of mechanical ventilation,the incidence of complication and the mortality were observed.Results: Two weeks later,there was significant difference between EEN group and DEN group in total protein,albumin,prealbumin and hemoglobin(P

Objective To analyze the incidence,risk factors and pathogens of stroke associated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute stroke in the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods One hundred and forty-two patients with acute stroke admitted in ICU from January 2012 to December 2013 were retrospectively studied.The data of medical history of patients,treatment,prognosis,and pathogens of SAP were collected.Data were analyzed by t test,Mann-Whitney U test,Pearson x2 test and muhivariable logistic regression.Results Of 142 patients,94 (66.2％) were contracted SAP of which 54.3％ were early-onset pneumonia (EOP≤72 h) and 45.7％ were late-onset pneumonia (LOP ＞72 h).The most common pathogens isolated from EOP were Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia,while the most common pathogens isolated from LOP were Acinetobacter baumanii,Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that hemorrhagic apoplexy,history of stroke,higher APACHE score,dysphagia,prolonged use of mechanical ventilation,prolonged stay in ICU,and hyperglycemia were the independent risk factors of SAP,and the odds ratios (OR) with 95％ confidence intervals (CI) were 10.917 (1.834-60.959),15.223 (1.947-96.969),1.607 (1.253-2.062),5.321 (1.225-26.519),1.809 (1.208-2.709),1.391 (1.085-1.783),1.534 (1.l01-2.138),respectively.While plasma albumin level was negatively associated with SAP (OR =0.809,95％ CI:0.674-0.971).The common risk factors of EOP and LOP were higher APACHE score and prolonged use of of mechanical ventilation.The independent risk factors of EOP were dysphagia (OR =4.331,95％ CI:1.330-14.098),history of stroke (OR =13.690,95％ CI:2.198-85.277) and chronic bronchitis (OR =12.907,95％ CI:1.203-138.542),While those of LOP were prolonged stay in ICU (OR =1.687,95 ％ CI:1.131-2.517),hemorrhagic apoplexy (OR =21.657,95％ CI:1.559-106.752) and low plasma albumin level (OR =0.782,95％ CI:0.637-0.961).There was no significant difference in mortality between EOP (49％) and LOP (44.2％) (P ＞ 0.05),but the mortality of SAP was significantly higher than that of non-SAP group.Conclusions The incidence rate and mortality of SAP are quite high in ICU.The pathogens and risk factors are different between EOP and LOP.This observation results suggest it is important to identify high-risk stroke patients,and to develop a novel treatment strategy and prophylactic measures facilitating limiting the complications of stroke.

Objective To determine whether stroke volume variation (SVV) in relation to volume loading in mechanically ventilated patients with septic shock.Methods Data of thirty-two mechanically ventilated patients with septic shock admitted from Dec 2009 to May 2012 were prospectively analyzed.Cardiac index (CI),stroke volume (SV),systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and stroke volume variation (SVV) were measured by FloTrac/Vigileo before and after fluid resuscitation (250 mL saline in 10 min).Patients with an increase in SV (△SV) ≥ 10％ and ＜ 10％ after fluid volume loading were classified as responders and non-responders,respectively.The comparisons between these two sorts of patients were assessed by using two sample Student' s t-test,and comparisons between changes before and after fluid challenge were assessed by using a paired Student' s t-test.A Pearson' s correlation analysis was employed for evaluate the correlation between △SV and other haemodynamic variables.The roles of SVV,central venous pressure (CVP),mean artery pressure (MAP) and the changes of CVP (△CVP),MAP (△MAP) after fluid administration in predicting volume responsiveness were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results Thirty-two patients with septic shock were included in this study.There were 54 instances of fluid challenge performed,among which 35 instances were defined as response group.Significantly increased SV induced by fluid challenge was assigned into response group (83.6 ± 15.6) mL vs.(68.5 ± 14.2) mL,P ＜0.01,while in non-response group,there were no significant change in SV (P ＞0.05).SVV was significantly correlated with SV before fluid loading (r =0.522,P ＜ 0.01).The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for stroke volume variation (SVV) was 0.898 (95％ CI:0.796-1.000).Using SVV ≥ 11.5％ as the threshold to predict fluid responsiveness,the sensitivity was 94％ and specificity was 84％.Conclusions SVV can be used to predict fluid responsiveness in patients with septic shock.

Objectives To study the effect of total flavones of Bidens pilosa L (TFB) on cytokines production in liver fibrosis rats. Methods Rat liver fibrosis was induced by CCl450%, 0.1 ml?(100 g)-1 body weight twice a week for 18 weeks. TFB (160,80,40 mg?kg-1) was used daily via gastrogavage at 9 week. Levels of TNF-? and IL-1? in serum were determinate by radioimmunoassay. Liver samples were collected after experiments and stained by immuninochemistry of TGF-?1 and NF-?B. Moreover TGF-?1 mRNA expression in liver tissue was detected by RT-PCR technology. Results TFB (160, 80 mg?kg-1) could significantly reduce serum TNF-? and IL-1? contents; TFB(160, 80, 40 mg?kg-1) could effectively prevent the expression of NF-?B,as was TGF-?1 of TFB(160, 80 mg?kg-1). Moreover TFB (160, 80 mg?kg-1) could significantly reduce TGF-?1 mRNA in liver fibrosis rats. Conclusion TFB had protective effect on liver fibrosis by its inhibition of cytokine production.

Objective To approach the correlation between angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) levels and degree of lung injury and prognosis and its clinical significance in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods A prospective observation was conducted. Fifty-three ARDS patients admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2012 to March 2014 were enrolled. According to the criteria of the Berlin Definition of ARDS,the patients were divided into mild group (n=15),moderate group(n=22)and severe group(n=16). Meanwhile,ARDS patients were further divided into survival group(n=29)and non-survival group(n=24)according to 28-day outcomes. Twenty cases of non-ARDS patients were served as control. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2),lung injury score(LIS)were recorded within 24 hours after admission. And the plasma levels of Ang-2,interleukin-6(IL-6)and C-reaction protein (CRP)were measured. The independent risk factors of ARDS were analyzed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was plotted to evaluate the value of Ang-2 in predicting ARDS. Results Compared with non-ARDS group,APACHEⅡ score,SOFA score,LIS score,mortality were significantly increased,PaO2/FiO2 was significantly decreased,and plasma Ang-2,IL-6,CRP were significantly elevated〔APACHEⅡscore:20.7±5.0 vs. 14.1±5.3,SOFA score:7.7±3.5 vs. 3.5±2.1,LIS score:1.69±0.71 vs. 0.28±0.27,PaO2/FiO2(mmHg,1 mmHg=0.133 kPa):159.5±61.3 vs. 394.0±63.2,mortality:45.3%(24/53) vs. 20.0%(4/20),Ang-2(μg/L):4.73(2.59,6.99)vs. 1.22(0.61,1.52),IL-6(ng/L):56.50(27.15,139.90)vs. 13.05(4.38,15.55),CRP(mg/L):95.75(41.74,189.72)vs. 10.56(3.92,21.36),P<0.05 or P<0.01〕. Each index increased or decreased more significantly with the aggravation of the disease. It was shown by correlation analysis that the plasma levels of Ang-2 was significantly positive correlated with IL-6(r=0.468,P=0.000),CRP(r=0.492,P=0.000),APACHEⅡscore(r=0.560,P=0.000),SOFA score(r=0.508,P=0.000)and LIS score (r=0.588,P=0.000),significantly negatively correlated with PaO2/FiO2(r=-0.685,P=0.000). Factors, APACHEⅡ score,LIS score,PaO2/FiO2,Ang-2 and IL-6 founded statistical significance in univariate analysis were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. High APACHEⅡscore at admission〔odds ratio(OR)=1.316, 95% confidence interval(95%CI)=1.040-1.633,P=0.022〕and increased plasma Ang-2 levels(OR=1.287, 95%CI=1.041-1.760,P=0.038)were the independent prognostic factors for the 28-day mortality in ARDS. The area under the ROC curve of Ang-2 was 0.964,the optimal critical value of Ang-2 was 1.79μg/L,the specificity was 90.0%,and sensitivity was 92.5%. Plasma levels of Ang-2 was better in predicting ARDS than APACHEⅡscore, SOFA score and IL-6. Conclusions The plasma level of Ang-2 was significantly increased in patients with ARDS. The plasma level of Ang-2 was correlated with the severity of acute lung injury and had important prognosis evaluation.

Objective:To investigate the expression of serum angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)in elderly community acquired pneumonia(CAP)patients and to evaluate the correlation between Ang-2 levels and the severity of CAP.Methods:As a case-control study, a total of 118 hospitalized elderly CAP patients were selected.According to the severity of CAP, patients were divided into the general pneumonia group( n=67)and the severe pneumonia group( n=51). At the same time, 40 elderly healthy people without pneumonia were selected as the control group.Serum Ang-2, interleukin-6(IL-6), procalcitonin(PCT)and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels were measured, and CURB-65 scores were obtained for patients with CAP. Results:Serum levels of Ang-2, IL-6, PCT and CRP in elderly CAP patients were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant( H=70.698, 25.752, 15.982, 30.588, all P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that Ang-2 levels were positively correlated with IL-6, PCT, CRP, and CURB-65 scores( r=0.715, 0.531, 0.558, 0.450, all P<0.001). Using Ang-2 as a predictor for severe pneumonia in community-dwelling elderly patients, the area under the ROC curve(AUC)was 0.866(95% CI: 0.809-0.924), the optimal cutoff point was 5.24 μg/L, and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 72.5% and 84.1%. Conclusions:Serum Ang-2 levels in elderly patients with CAP are significantly higher than those in healthy people, and are correlated with the severity of CAP.The detection of Ang-2 levels is helpful for early intervention management and improved prognosis of elderly CAP patients.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and CURB-65 score in elderly patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods:A total of 160 elderly CAP patients who were treated in Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2019 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the 30-day survival, the patients were divided into the survival group ( n=127) and the death group ( n=33). The general clinical data, blood routine, liver and kidney function, blood sodium, coagulation function, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were collected, and NLR and CURB-65 scores were calculated. Pass t-test or χ2 test was used to compare the differences of the above indexes between the two groups, and the high-risk factors of 30-day death in elderly CAP patients were screened by multivariate Logistic regression analysis; receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn, and the predictive value of NLR and CURB-65 score on the risk of death was analyzed. Results:Compared with the survival group, the patients in the death group were older and had a higher proportion of neurological diseases and chest tightness symptoms ( P<0.05). The total number of lymphocytes, hemoglobin, and serum albumin were significantly decreased, and the total neutrophil count, blood urea nitrogen, D-dimer, NLR, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and CURB-65 score were significantly increased in the death group (all P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR and CURB-65 score were the independent risk factors of 30-day mortality in elderly CAP patients ( P<0.01). ROC survival curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of NLR was 0.823 [95% CI (0.747 ~ 0.900)], the cut-off value was 8.885, and the sensitivity and specificity of prognosis were 84.8% and 74.8%. The AUC of NLR combined with CURB-65 score was 0.872 [95% CI (0.801 ~ 0.942)], the cut-off value was 0.248, and the sensitivity and specificity of prognosis were 84.8% and 84.3%. The combination of the two indexes had better prognostic value than other independent evaluation indexes. Conclusions:NLR and CURB-65 scores are high risk factors of death in elderly CAP patients. The combination of the two indicators can better predict the risk of death.