BACKGROUND:In recent years, with the in-depth research on thecharacteristics and functions of stem cells,stem cell research has become a hot research targeting thetreatment of a variety of diseases.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of human amnioticmesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of acute lung injury.METHODS:The PubMed and CNKI databases were searched by computerfor relevant literatures published from January 2000 to January 2017. The key words were mesenchymal stem cells, acute lung injury in Chinese and English,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:As an important member of adult stem cells, human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells not only have the advantages and characteristics of most other stem cells, but also have unique advantages, such as these cells can be extracted from a vast of sources, require only non-invasive operations, and involve no violation of ethics. Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells can be driven by inflammation reaction and homing to the damaged tissue, and be activated by inflammatory factors to secrete a variety of cytokines in a paracrine fashion, which inhibit neutrophils, macrophages and other immune cell migration and inhibit dendritic cell maturity, and reduce the proliferation of NK cells, B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes, and up-regulate anti-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulate proinflammatory cytokines, and alleviate alveolar inflammatory injury through anti-oxidation and anti-apoptotic processes. Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells can also assist in the repair or homing to the damaged tissue to directionally differentiate to replace the apoptotic and necrotic cells. All of these characteristics of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells provide new insight into the treatment of acute lung injury. As acute lung injury is caused by many pathogenic factors and its pathophysiological process is very complicated, human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of acute lung injury has many issues to be resolved.

Objective To explore the risk factors of supplementary injection after foam sclerotherapy for varicose veins of lower extremities and its impact on blood coagulation function.Methods A total of 185 patients with varicose veins of lower limbs diagnosed in the First People's Hospital of Zunyi from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected.The corresponding pathological data were collected,and the D-dimer,thrombin time,and fibrinogen level of patients were detected 1 d before and 1 d after the surgery.The postoperative video phone follow-up lasted until 6 months after the surgery.The patients were divided into single treatment group and supple-mentary treatment group according to whether supplementary injection of foam sclerosing agent was needed during the follow-up.Propensity matching on the data between the two groups was conducted,and the correlation between disease course data,coagulation factors,and the occurrence of supplementary injection was analyzed.A time series model for the incidence of supplementary injection was established,and the therapeutic effect and complica-tions were observed.Results After propensity matching,there was still significant difference in the degree of lesion between the two groups(P<0.05).On the first day after surgery,there was significant difference in the D-dimer and fibrinogen groups between the two groups(P<0.05),and but no significant difference in thrombin time(P>0.05).The occurrence of supplementary injection was significantly correlated with D-dimer,fibrinogen,thrombin time,and first-time injection dose(P<0.05),and the incidence of supplementary injection was higher in patients who received first-time injection in January,August,September,and December.Both groups achieved successful treatment 6 months after surgery,and there was no significant difference in the incidence of compli-cations.Conclusion Patients with lower limb varicose veins of C3/C4 are more likely to require supplementary injection compared to patients with other levels.The level of D-dimer and fibrinogen at 1 d after surgery is positively correlated with the occurrence of supplementary injection,while the dose of the first injection is negatively corre-lated with the occurrence of supplementary injection.

Surgical operation is the main treatment method for pancreatic cancer, and in clinical practice, radical surgery for pancreatic cancer is often combined with superior mesenteric-portal vein confluence pancreaticoduodenectomy to achieve R0 resection. However, severe left-sided portal hypertension (LSPH) may occur after splenic vein dissection, resulting in a series of pathological changes such as congestive splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, backflow obstruction of splenic vein, and gastrointestinal varices, and in some cases, it can lead to fatal gastrointestinal hemorrhage and hemorrhagic shock. Therefore, in order to better manage LSPH in clinical practice, this article systematically analyzes and reviews the pathogenesis, treatment regimens, and control strategies of LSPH after combined superior mesenteric-portal vein confluence pancreaticoduodenectomy and put forward corresponding suggestions based on current studies.