Objective To investigate the effect of extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) on physically or hormonally induced femoral head necrosis of rabbits, and to study the underlying mechanism. Methods Twenty two Japanese rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: group A and group B. Different methods were used for each group to establish the model of bilateral femoral head necrosis: freezing for group A and hormone injection for group B. The right hind limbs of all rabbits were used as the treatment side treated with ESW while the left hind limbs as control without any treatment. The rabbits were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 weeks, respectively, after the treatment. X ray, pathological and electron microscope examinations were adopted to observe the changes of the femoral head. Results At the 8th week after ESW treatment, X ray imaging showed less severe cave in on the femoral head of the control side than that of the treatment side in both groups. The empty lacunae ratio, the number of the osteoblast and the blood vessels were significantly different between the treatment and the control sides, but not between the two groups. Conclusion ESW is an effective treatment for the physically and the hormonally induced femoral head necrosis. The mechanism may include recanalization of the blocked vessel and promotion of the osteoblast growth.

[Objective]To investigate the differentiation of acute from chronic osteoporotic vertebral fractures.[Method]The clinical presentation,X-ray,CT and MRI of patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures were evaluated in the study.[Result]In 36 cases,64% were identified as acute and 36% with chronic osteoporotic vertebral fractures.The decreased anterior vertebral height was a most important criterium for the diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.Degenerative changes on the X-ray film were usually found in chronic fractures.A high intense signal in a specific T2 under eliminating fat tissue was always observed in acute fracture.[Conclusion]The local back pain located at the level of the fractured vertebral body suggests an acute vertebral fracture.Degenerative changes occurred in the edged vertebra is indicative of a chronic fracture.The finding of a specific T2 high intense signal under eliminating fat tissue on MRI is a gold standard for the diagnosis of an acute vertebral fracture.

[Objective]To assess whether the canal compromise and the location of conus medullaris determine neurological deficit in burst fracture of the first lumbar vertebra(L1).[Method]Twenty-seven consecutive patients with L1 burst fracture were collected in the study.The compressive ratios of anterior and posterior heights of fractured vertebral bodies,the remains to the estimated ones of the original vertebral bodies were measured on the radiogram,the extent of spinal canal compromise was assessed by computed tomography,and the location of conus medullaris was determined by the MRI examination.The neurological status was evaluated according to the standard neurological classification of spinal cord injury(ASIA).[Result]The compressive ratio of the anterior height was 0.63,the posterior height was 0.91,the stenotic ratio of the canal mid-sagital diameter was 0.69,the stenotic ratio of the distance between pedicles was 1.14,and the stenotic ratio of canal area was 0.83.The group having the stenotic ratio of canal area below 0.5 was at significant risk of neurologic involvement than the control [above(or equal to) 0.5(P=0.049)],and the group with lower conus medullaris had more serious neurological deficit than the upper ones(P=0.046).[Conclusion]There is a significant difference of neurological deficit between the groups with the spinal canal stenosis level of more than 50% and less 50%,and the group with lower conus medullaris had more serious neurological deficit than the upper one.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of metallothionein(MTs)gene expression and explore the important significance of MTs during hepatocarcinogenesis.Methods One hundred and twenty-five SPF 5 -8-week old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group and model group.Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was given to the mice at a dose of 100 mg/kg, ip, and 50 mg/kg, ip, in the first and next week, respectively.The mice were given ethanol (53%, 5 mL/kg/day, 5 days/week) from the third week of experiment till 35 weeks.At 1, 3, 9, 13, 24 and 35 weeks of the experiment, liver samples were taken for histopathological examination of liver damages and incidence of HCC. The liver index and malondialdehyde (MDA) of liver homogenate were determined.All liver tissue samples were examined by histopathology using hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson and reticular fiber staining.Real-time RT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression level of liver metallothionein-1 /2 (MT-1 /2) in different periods.Results Progressive liver damages in model group mice were identified in different periods.Hepatocytes abnormal tission and abnormal liver plate structure, architecture often characteristic of HCC could be seen in approximately 50% of mice at 35 weeks.In addition to these, a higher liver index also were seen at 35 weeks.Increased MDA levels in the mouse liver tissues were observed in each stage.Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that significantly increased transcription of MT-1 and MT-2 at 1, 3 and 9 weeks, then gradually declined and even below the normal level.Conclusions MTs gene expression levels in mouse liver tissues are changed from significantly increased in the early stage of injury to decreased expression combined with distinct fibrosis. Our findings further demonstrate that the down-regulation of MTs level is closely correlated with hepatocarcinogenesis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of patients with flaccid paralysis after high spinal cord injury. Methods1014 cases with traumatic spinal cord injury were investigated. The patients with flaccid paralysis after high spinal cord injury (spinal fractures above the level of T10) were analyzed. Results6 patients were ananlyzed, including 5 males and 1 female, mean of age was (42±12). The neurological injury involved C7 to T8, and the fractures involved T3 to T10. 3 cases had the neurological deterioration upward at least 3 spinal segments after operation compared with the fractures. One case accomplicated with severe pain in the chest had the subacute progressive ascending myelopathy up to C7 level. MRI showed extensive atrophy of thoracic spinal cord 6 months later in 5 cases. ConclusionThe incidence of flaccid paralysis after high spinal cord injury was rare. It presents the extensive thoracic spinal cord atrophy, and the causes and mechanisms are not clear.

OBJECTIVE:To compare home-made mu'an-eye-gel(acyclovir plus honey) with commercial aciclovir(ACV)-eye-gel in releasing drug characteristics in vitro.METHODS:The in vitro drug release test was conducted by the third method of dissolution determination stated in Chinese Pharmacopeia together with bag filler method.The cumulative drug-releasing percentage and the acyclovir amount in mu'an-eye-gel versus ACV-eye-gel were determined by UV spec-trophotometry,and the accumulative releasing drug percentages of the two preparations were computed and their drug release behaviors w ere compared.RESULTS:The in vitro releasing behaviors of mu'an-eye-gel followed the Weibull kinetic equa-tion,however the vitro releasing behavior of commercial ACV-eye-gel followed the zero order kinetic equation,and the T80%and Q8 h had statistical significances between(mu'an-eye-gel:T80%=3.156?0.013(h),Q8 h=93.28?0.010(%);ACV-eye-gel:T80%=10.16?0.009(h),Q8 h=67.85?0.025(%)) 2 kinds of preparation.CONCLUSION:Mu'an-eye-gel is superior to the commercial ACV ophthalmic gel in both releasing velocity and accumulative drug release percentage.

Objective To investigate the level of phosphorylated high-molecular-weight neurofilament (pNF-H) after spinal cord injury (SCI), and explore the relationship between pNF-H and severity of SCI. Methods 20 Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into control group (group A), mild SCI group (group B), moderate SCI group (group C) and severe SCI group (group D). The level of pNF-H in serum, BBB score and remaining area of white matter were obtained at different time points. Results The level of serum pNF-H in groups B, C and D arrived at peaks 12 hours and 3 days after SCI, and there was significant difference among them (P<0.05). Both BBB score and remaining area of white matter 14 days after SCI negatively correlated with the level of pNF-H 3 days after SCI (r=-0.987 and r=-0.978, respective-ly). Conclusion The pNF-H increases twice after SCI in rats, and may be associated with the severe of SCI, which can be considered as a biomarker.

Chimeric antigen receptor (Car) T cells, not only have the characteristics of strong specific recognition of tu-mor antigens, but also have destruction and high affinity advantages, thus receiving more attention. Although it has played a lot of advantages in anti-tumor, it still has some shortcomings, which needs to be further optimized to improve the safety of its clinical application. In this study, The cell structure and biological function, treatment process, application development and application risk of Car T cells are reviewed, which provide references for further clinical immunotherapy of Car T.

Objective To evaluate the effects of celebrity role models on the teaching of rehabilitation medicine. Methods The teaching program of rehabilitation medicine based on the effect of celebrity role models was designed and given to the college students of Capital Medical University School of Rehabilitation Medicine. The students in grades 2014 (group A) and 2015 (group B) were taught by the same teachers with celebrity and general roles, respectively. The learning attitude, immediate test following the teaching and the final exam were carried out to determine the teaching effects. Results The incidence of using mobile phones was higher in group B than in group A (χ2=8.22, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of doze between 2 groups (χ2=2.59, P>0.05). Nobody left early in the class. The scores of the evaluated chapters and the total score in the immediate test were higher in group A than in group B (t>2.048, P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference about those in the final exam (t<1.591, P>0.05). Conclusion The teaching program of rehabili-tation medicine based on the effect of celebrity role models could improve the short-term teaching effect.

Objective:To obtain optimum template for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD). Methods:Four different methods(rod winding, precipitation, boiling and lysis)for extraction of template DNA were used.The length and purity of template DNA and its RAPD profile were observed separately by agarose gel electrophoresis, spectrophotometric scan assays and RAPD reaction.Results:The template DNA (>23 kb) with high purity and the same RAPD profile with 2-4 kb DNA fragments were obtained by both rod winding and precipitation method. However,the template DNA (4 kb and 2 kb,respectively) with break and dispersion and low purity was extracted by method of boiling and lysis, and 600-2 000 bp DNA fragments were seen in the similar RAPD profile.Conclusions: Template DNA extracted by rod winding or precipitation method was optimized for RAPD.