Objective To examine the cellular distribution and the role of a-catenin in epidermal tumors. Methods Expression of a-catenin was investigate d by immunohistochemical staining in 20 patients with Bowen′s disease (BD), 20 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 20 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and 40 normal cont rols. Results Expression of a-catenin was strongest on the cell membranes of b asal cells, but nearly negative in the cytoplasm and the nuclei of epidermal cel ls in normal controls. Expression of a-catenin was significantly lower on the cell membranes in SCC and BCC cells than that in normal epidermal cells (P

Objective To compare and analyze the detection situation of common pathogens in child respiratory tract infection in our hospital and to provide the basis for clinical accurate diagnosis and reasonable treatment .Methods A total of 6 032 specimens were collected from the children patients with acute respiratory tract infection in the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January to December 2015 .The immunodot test technology was adopted to detect the 6 kinds of early specific serum antibody IgM of common respiratory pathogens :adenovirus (ADV ) ,influenza virus (IV ) ,parainfluenza (PIV ) ,respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) ,mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and chlamydia pneumonia (CP) .The differences in children infection pat‐terns ,different ages ,seasons and genders were analyzed .Results Among 6 032 specimens ,2 279 cases were positive with the posi‐tive rate of 37 .8% .The positive rates of 6 kinds of respiratory pathogens were in turn 12 .2% for ADV ,9 .6% for IV ,7 .9% for CP ,4 .6% for MP ,3 .0% for RSV and 0 .3% for PIV .The detection rate of respiratory tract pathogens was higher in spring and summer ;age groups of 1-3 years old and 4-6 years old had higher positive detection rate .Conclusion The main common patho‐gen of respiratory tract infection in this hospital is ADV ,followed by IV .Their infection has obvious seasonality .The mycoplasma and chlamydia also are the common pathogens of respiratory tract infection ,which are dominated by MP and CP .

Objective To investigate the association betw een systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and polymorphismof Fc gamma receptor ty peⅢin Han patients fromHunan province.Methods Genotypes of Fc?RⅢa-158V/F were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)analysis in 65patients with SLE and 60normal controls.Results①It was found that the frequency of homozygous Fc?RⅢa-158F /F genotype was significantly h igher in patients with SLE than that i n controls(OR=2.23,? 2 =4.69,P=0.03).②The frequencies of both homozygous Fc?RⅢa-158F /F genotype and Fc?RⅢa-158F allele were significantly high er in patients with lupus nephritis c ompared with those in controls(OR=2.67,? 2 =5.36,P=0.02;OR=2.00,? 2 =4.91,P=0.03).Conclusions These results suggest that an abnorm al distribution of Fc?RⅢa-158V/F polymorphism is associated with SLE in the Hans of Hunan province,and the presence of Fc?RⅢa-158F allele is a risk factor for lupus nephritis.These findings support t he hypothesis of a genetic mechanism in the pathogenesis of SLE.[

After spinal cord injury, there was bowel dysfunction.This became the major obstacle for the spinal cord injury patients to improve their living skills. For these patients, the bowel pathophysiological condition changed a lot including the bowel movement, fecal incontinence, bowel dysfunction, rectal dysfunction. This article reviewed the bowel dysfunction and the bowel care after spinal cord injury.

ASIA Impairment Classification is the standard for spinal cord injury. With or without anal sphincter contraction will tell the degree of injury. Now, many articles have introduced the anal sphincter manometry and electromyogram. We should study whether there is any relationship between the manometry, electromyogram and ASIA.

Discharge planning is the basis of continuous medical service. It could shorten the length of hospital stay, improve bed occu-pancy, reduce readmission rate, save medical costs, and improve the quality of life. It's considered to be important and supplemented by rele-vant policies and regulations to promote development in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other developed countries. In China, even though Hong Kong and Taiwan have issued discharge planning policies, the mainland is still at the stage of explora-tion. Discharge planning in Chinese mainland has problems like restricted objectives, imperfect content, un-optimized process, unestablished professionals and organizations and so on. Standardized discharge planning guide still needs further research. As the health service system including hospitals, public health institutions and primary health institutions coverd urban and rural gradually, and the new pattern of grad-ing diagnosis and treatment established, it's necessary to analyze the necessity, importance, obstacles and measures of discharge planning in China.

With the social development and the transformation of medical model, providing patients with continuous services and seam-less transfer between different medical institutions, namely continuity care, is inevitable. Discharge planning take patients as the center and patient's needs as the guidance. Patients and their families should actively take part in the plan. Through multi-disciplinary and multi-institu-tional cooperation, patients can continue to enjoy health services after discharge. Discharge planning is the basis of continuous medical ser-vice. This article summrized the background and situation of discharge planning in the United States, Canada, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, Japan, India, South Africa, and Hong Kong, Taiwan and mainland in China. When heavy medical burden, aging, im-balence between supply and demand occurred, discharge planning could be helpful to make rational use of medical resources, save medical costs, guarantee the quality of medical service continuity, avoid the occurrence of adverse events after discharge and improve the patients' function and quality of life. This article reviewed group members, time, institutions and process of discharge planning in order to provide ev-idence-based basis for the development of discharge planning in China.

Objective To study the telomerase activity,the keratinocyte apoptosis in condyloma ac-cuminatum(CA)and the correlation between them.Methods CA specimens from30patients were stud-ied,and compared with normal tissue and tumor cell lines.Telomerase activity was detected with telomeric repeat amplification polymerase chain reaction(TRAP)-ELISA.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL)was used to evaluate apoptotic cells.Results Increased telomerase activity was detected in27(90%)patients with CA,with A 450 ranging between0.50and2.76(mean1.3022).Apoptotic keratinocytes were found in24out of30CA cases(80%).A statistically signifi-cant inverse correlation was found between telomerase activity and apoptotic index(r =-0.52,P=0.004).Conclusion Keratinocyte telomerase is activated in condyloma acuminata,which is correlated with the downregulation of apoptosis,thus they might be involved in the pathogenesis of CA.

Objective To investigate the effects of glucocorticoids o n the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines at mRNA and protein levels in peripheral b lood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SL E). Methods Th1 cytokine (IFN-IL-10) in PBMCs fro m 48 patients with SLE were detected before and after treatment with glucocortic oids by RT-PCR for mRNA expression and ELISA for protein production. The systemi c lupus erythematosus activity measure (SLAM) scores of patients were compared b efore and after treatment. Results After treatment, the expression and product ion of IFN- versus 1.4094 pg/mL; P

Incision of the spinal cord (myelotomy) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a surgical treatment which is mainly performed within 24 hours after SCI. However, many patients are fi rst seen outside the established time window of 24 hours. Furthermore, little attention has been given to its effi cacy and mechanism after 24 hours. In this study, dorsal longitudinal incision of spinal cord on SCI rats was performed at 72 hours after SCI to remove the liquefi ed necrotic gray matter. The results indicated that after myelotomy, locomotor function of hindlimbs signifi cantly improved from 21st day after SCI. There was also increased residual white matter area at the rostral and caudal segments to the injury center when examined at day 42 after the injury. These results suggested that myelotomy at 72 hours after injury has protective effect on the spinal cord.