Aim To investigate the effect of green tea polyphenols(GTP)on serum level of uric acid in potas-sium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic mice,and explore the potential mechanism.Methods PO and GTP were intragastricly administered to mice for seven consecutive days.Uric acid level in serum was exam-ined.Meanwhile,activity and expressions of xanthine oxidase(XOD)in liver were tested.In additon,ex-pressions of urate transporters including urate-anion transporter (URAT ) 1 , organic anion transporter (OAT)1 and 3 in kidney were analyzed.Results GTP significantly decreased the serum level of uric acid in PO-induced hyperuricemic mice.At the same time, GTP markedly reduced the activity and expression of XOD in liver of hyperuricemic mice.Finally,GTP markedly reduced the expression of URAT1 ,OAT1 and OAT3 in kidney of hyperuricemic mice.Conclusion GTP has the effect of lowering uric acid in PO-induced hyperuricemic mice through both decreasing the uric acid production and increasing uric acid excretion.

β-arrestins are involved in the insulin signaling pathway, affecting peripheral insulin resistance,also affecting insulin secretion and lipid metabolism. To clarify β-arrestins mediated signaling pathways is an approach to the pathogenesis and effective treatment of diabetes.

The hemorrhage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in operating field is a significant puzzle worries the surgeon. Besides disrupting the cystic artery hemorrhage originating from the gallbladder bed also plays a frequent role in the cause of bleeding in LC. The gallbladder bed bleeding which results from the disrupt of the branches of the middle hepatic vein is a ticklish problem in the operation. It will complicate the surgical operation, confuse the anatomic structttre, cause serious complications and is a main reason for conversion. Thus, we compose this review to expound the topographic anatomy of the branches of the middle hepatic vein as well as the prevention and treatment to the injure of the branches of the middle hepatic vein.

This study was aimed to evaluate the applicability of common Chinese word segmentation software used in the literature study of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) text,in order to put forward ideas on developing specialized TCM text word segmentation software.By means of installing and operating Chinese word segmentation software,the text segmentation experiment was conducted on TCM text samples.Aspects,such Chinese word segmentation accuracy,speed,maneuverability,reliability,extendibility,portability and other characteristics,were compared among different Chinese word segmentation software.The results showed that there were differences on the accuracy,speed,maneuverability,reliability,extendibility,portability among different Chinese word segmentation software.It was difficult to achieve best performance on different aspects by single software.Through the comparison of different Chinese word segmentation software,the Pan-Gu Segment software showed the best performance on accuracy,with good maneuverability,and high word segmentation efficiency,which was the most suitable for word segmentation in TCM text.It was concluded that developing specialized TCM text segmentation software may be the best solution to meet the requirement of text segmentation in TCM literature study.Basic studies should be strengthened from aspects,such as the construction of standard TCM copus,the completion of TCM dictionary base,the introduction,optimization and innovation of word segmentation algorithm,as well as the development of word segmentation software for TCM text.

Objective To examine the cellular distribution and the role of a-catenin in epidermal tumors. Methods Expression of a-catenin was investigate d by immunohistochemical staining in 20 patients with Bowen′s disease (BD), 20 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 20 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and 40 normal cont rols. Results Expression of a-catenin was strongest on the cell membranes of b asal cells, but nearly negative in the cytoplasm and the nuclei of epidermal cel ls in normal controls. Expression of a-catenin was significantly lower on the cell membranes in SCC and BCC cells than that in normal epidermal cells (P

Two patients who developed typical skin eruptions 24 hours after consumption of shiitake mushrooms are reported.Case 1:a 56-year-old woman suddenly developed widespread itching eruptions one day after intake of shiitake mushrooms.On examination,there were erythematous and edematous linear streaks (flagellate erythema) over the neck,trunk and limbs.Case 2:a 60-year-old man presented with edematous flagellate erythema over the trunk and limbs for four days.He reported intake of shiitake mushroom several days prior to the presentation.Pathological examination revealed focal parakeratosis,intracellular and intercellular edema in the prickle cell layer,severe edema of papillary dermis,evident widening of interfibrous spaces,dilation and congestion of capillaries in the superficial dermis with a mixed perivascular infiltrate of massive lymphocytes and sparse neutrophils.Both patients were diagnosed with shiitake dermatitis,and treated with prednisone and antihistamines.The lesions subsided after 3 and 4 days of treatment in patient 1 and 2 respectively.

Objective To examine the effects of different doses of midazelam on ED50 of emulsified isoflurane and to determine the type of interaction between them for hypnosis by isobelographic analysis in rats. Methods One hundred and twenty-five adult male SD rats weighing 240-300 g were randomized into 5 groups (n=25 each): group Ⅰmidazolam (M); group Ⅱ emulsified isnflurane (Ⅰ); group Ⅲ ,Ⅳ ,Ⅴ, 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 ED50 of midazelam for hypnosis + emulsified isoflurane (MI1 , MI2, MI3). Up-and-down sequential experiment was used to determine ED50of midazolam and emulsified isoflurane for loss of righting reflex in group Ⅰ -Ⅴ . The intial dose of midazolm was 17.3 mg/kg in group M. The initial doses of emulsified isoflurane (120 mg/ml) were 0.55 (in group Ⅰ, 0.22 (MI1), 0.19 (MI2) and 0.12 ml/kg (MI3) respectively. In group MI1-3 midazolam was injected over 15 seconds and after an interval of 2.5 min emulsified isoflurane was injected over 10 s. ED50 was calculated using Dixon-Mood method. Isebolographic and algebraic analyses were used to determine the type of interaction between midazolam and emulsified isoflurane. Results The five groups were comparable with respect to M/F sex ratio and body weight. The Edso of midazolam was 26.0 mg/kg in group M. Midazolam 6.5, 13.0 and 19.5 mg/kg were given in group MI1 , MI2 and MI3 respectively. The ED50 of emulsified isoflurane was 0.67 (ingroup Ⅰ), 0.30 (MI1), 0.22 (MI2) and 0.18 ml/kg (MI3) respectively. The isobolographic analysis indicated that with increasing doses of midazolam, the Edw of emulsified isoflurane decreased progressively in a non-linear fashion. The isobolographic and algebraic analyses demonstrated that the interaction between midazolam and emulsified isoflurane was synergistic for hypnosis. Conclusion The hypnosis is synergistic when midazolam 6.5,13 mg/kg are combined with emulsified isoflurane and additive when midazolam 19.5 mg/kg is combined with emulsified isoflurane.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of Am80 on neointima hyperplasia in carotid arteries after balloon injury and to observe the interaction between Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and retinoic acid receptorα(RARα). METHODS:Neointima hyperplasia in carotid arteries was observed by hemotoxylin and eosin staining.The expression of KLF4 and cyclin D1 was examined by immunostaining and Western blotting analysis.To detect the interaction between KLF4 and RARαin the vascular tissue, the injured arteries were harvested, and the protein extracts were prepared and subjected to co-immunoprecipitation assay.RESULTS:Compared with injured group, Am80 significantly reduced neointi-mal hyperplasia and the thickness ratio of intima to media.Am80 not only up-regulated KLF4 or RARαexpression in caro-tid arteries, but also increased the interaction between KLF4 and RARαat tissue levels.CONCLUSION:Am80 inhibits neointima hyperplasia in carotid arteries after balloon injury by promoting the interaction between KLF4 and RARα.

Objective To investigate and summarize the clinical characteristic of autoimmune pancreati-tis(AIP).Methods Clinical data of 13 patients with AIP, admitted to the West China Hospital from 2009 to 2013, were retrospectively analyzed .Results The median age of the 13 patients was 48 years old.The main clinical manifestations included epigastric pain or discomfort (8 cases), obstructive jaundice(7 cases)and weight loss(10 cases).Diffuse enlargement of pancreas and localized pancreatic enlargement were observed in 6 cases, pseudocyst and pancreatic stones were observed in 1 case.Dilation of pancreatic duct was found in 4 cases.Bili-ary stricture and thickened wall of bile duct were detected in 8 cases, dilated gallbladder with delayed enhance-ment of the thickened wall in 7 cases, retroperitoneal fibrosis surrounding the aorta in 1 case, abdominal lymph-adenopathy in 6 cases, stenosis of splenic vein in 4 cases, and Sjogren's disease and ulcerative colitis in 1 case. The positive rate of serum IgG, RF, ANA was 71.43%(5/7), 42.86%(3/7), and 42.86%(3/7), respec-tively.8 patients were misdiagnosed and underwent surgery .Steroid therapy was administered in all patients with satisfactory response.Conclusions AIP is a rare and autoimmune disease ,without speci? c symptoms,and often be misdiagnosed as pancreatic cancer or bile duct carcinoma .We must give more attention to AIP and keep pa-tients from undergoing unnecessary surgery .

Objective To investigate the association betw een systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and polymorphismof Fc gamma receptor ty peⅢin Han patients fromHunan province.Methods Genotypes of Fc?RⅢa-158V/F were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)analysis in 65patients with SLE and 60normal controls.Results①It was found that the frequency of homozygous Fc?RⅢa-158F /F genotype was significantly h igher in patients with SLE than that i n controls(OR=2.23,? 2 =4.69,P=0.03).②The frequencies of both homozygous Fc?RⅢa-158F /F genotype and Fc?RⅢa-158F allele were significantly high er in patients with lupus nephritis c ompared with those in controls(OR=2.67,? 2 =5.36,P=0.02;OR=2.00,? 2 =4.91,P=0.03).Conclusions These results suggest that an abnorm al distribution of Fc?RⅢa-158V/F polymorphism is associated with SLE in the Hans of Hunan province,and the presence of Fc?RⅢa-158F allele is a risk factor for lupus nephritis.These findings support t he hypothesis of a genetic mechanism in the pathogenesis of SLE.[