Objective To explore the clinical significance of DSA and MRA detection in cerebrovascular desease of patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods 142 diabetic patients were selected in the study. The vascular structure was detected by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) . Results There was 1123 (56.5%) branches of artery atherosclerotic stenosis in a total of 1988 detecting artery and there was no significant difference between the DSA and MRA (χ2=0.36、0.47、0.53,P>0.05) . The results showed that the DSA and MRA methods had no significant difference on display average count in detecting bilateral ACA,MCA,PCA 284 vessels (t=0.27、0.56、0.89,P>0.05) . There were 656 arteries stenosis in checking the Willis ring vascular by DSA evaluation of the Willis ring and the sensitivity and specificity by MRA were more than 90%. Conclusion MRA and DSA can be applied in diagnosis of in cerebrovascular disease of patients with diabetes mellitus.The noninvasive advantages of MRA are worth to be concerned by clinician.

Objective　To investigate the effect of congenital human cytomegalovirus（HCMV） infection on the growth of embryo and cerebral cortex. Methods　HCMV (6.0 log TCID50 in 1.0 ml/mice) was separately injected into the intraperitoneum of 10-week-old female mice on pre-mating, 3, 7, 15 gestation days. Cerebral cortices of fetuses were collected by laparotomy on 19th gestation-day just before delivery. The specimens were fixed with 4% buffered solution of paraformal dehyde. And then sectioned and stained with HE. Meanwhile, part of the specimens was used for viral isolation and HCMV DNA test by PCR. Results　In the cerebral cortex of fetal mice, it was found that the capillary was dilated and congested, and the parenchyma was infiltrated with neutrophils, monocyte for experimental group and not for control group. The degeneration, necrosis and apoptosis of neurons co-existed. The rates of virus isolation for the fetal cerebral cortex among pre-mating, 3-, 7-, 15-gestation-day groups were 60%、62%、67%、25%,respectively （χ2=13.475，P＜0.05) and the rate for 15 gestation-day group was significantly lower than others. Average weight of experimental mice for 15-gestation-day was significantly lower than control group and those for other gestation groups were not significantly different on group t-test. Conclusion　HCMV can replicate in the cerebral cortex of ICR mice, infect fetal and initiate congenital infection of cerebral cortex of fetus. In addition, embryo of different gestation stages can be infected by HCMV on experiment. HCMV delays embryo growth and causes the cerebral cortex damage.

OBJECTIVE To know about the urogentital tract infection caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh) and distribution and antibiotic susceptibility.METHODS Uu and Mh were isolated and their antibiotic susceptibility was detected by ICS kit from Lizhu company in Zhuhai.RESULTS Among the 246 samples,126 were positive(51.22%) of which Uu were 114,Mh 2,and both Uu and Mh 10;females were more apt to be infected(P

Objective To explore the value of automatic photography in the observation of results of Schistosoma japoni?cum miracidium hatching experiments. Methods Some fresh S. japonicum eggs were added into cow feces,and the samples of feces were divided into a low infested experimental group and a high infested group(40 samples each group). In addition,there was a negative control group with 40 samples of cow feces without S. japonicum eggs. The conventional nylon bag S. japonicum miracidium hatching experiments were performed. The process was observed with the method of flashlight and magnifying glass combined with automatic video(automatic photography method),and,at the same time,with the naked eye observation meth?od. The results were compared. Results In the low infested group,the miracidium positive detection rates were 57.5% and 85.0%by the naked eye observation method and automatic photography method,respectively(χ2=11.723,P<0.05). In the high infested group,the positive detection rates were 97.5%and 100%by the naked eye observation method and automatic pho?tography method,respectively(χ2= 1.253,P > 0.05). In the two infested groups,the average positive detection rates were 77.5% and 92.5% by the naked eye observation method and automatic photography method,respectively(χ2 = 6.894,P <0.05). Conclusion The automatic photography can effectively improve the positive detection rate in the S. japonicum miracidi?um hatching experiments.

Objective Analysis of the complete genome sequence about the newly emerged pandemic norovirus GⅡ.4 genotype, to understand its variation characteristics.Methods 264 patients were collected with diarrhea.The RNA was extracted from 264 fe-cal specimens and cDNA was synthetized.The positive samples were amplified by PCR,the amplified fragments were sequenced. The complete genome sequences of the norovirus was sequenced and analyzed.Results A new norovirus variant strain of Jingzhou GⅡ.4,a pleiston of Sydney GⅡ.4 was isolated.A large variation was found in the new variant subtype,which was mutated inclu-ding in the hypervariable P2 domain of the major capsid protein VP1.Conclusion The result demonstrates the variant strain of Sydney GⅡ.4 was spread to China.VP1 of norovirus GⅡ.4 is evolving rapidly.The spread and evolution situation of the norovirus GⅡ.4 need to be closely monitored in China for the development of effective vaccines and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies.

Objective To study the evaluation between the X-ray findings and ultrasound(US) manifestations of upper digestiveobstruction in infancy.Methods X-ray and US manifestations of 20 cases of infant with upper digestive obstruction proved by operationwere analysed respectively.Results In 20 cases,12 patients had pyloric stenosis,3 duodenal stresia,3 midgut malformation,2 hiatalhernia.Pyloric stenosis was diagnosed by X-ray in 11 cases,by US in 9,misdiagnosed by US in 1 case.Duodenal stresia was observed by X-ray and US in 2 cases separately,not observed by X-ray and US in 1 case separately.Midgut malformation was demonstrated by X-ray and US in 1 case separately,not demonstrated in 2 cases separately.Hiatal hernia was found by X-ray in 2 cases,misdiagnosed by US in 2 cases.Conclusion The two methods can't substitute with each other but complement.X-ray is better than US in the diagnosis of pyloric stenosis and hiatal hernia.US is better than X-ray in the diagnosis of midgut malformation.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasonic quantitative method in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods Ultrasonography was performed in 186 CHB patients who underwent liver biopsies. Fifteen indices including liver capsule thickness and fourteen texture parameters of gray level co-occurrence matrix were extracted from standard sonograms and compared with fibrosis stages by histopathology. The status of liver fibrosis was divided into five stages from S0 to S4 by histopathology based on the disease severity. ANOVA and Spearman correlation analysis were applied to analyze the differences and relationships between these indices and pathological stage, respectively. Then discriminant analysis models were established based on the indices for quantitative diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Results Among the fifteen indices, including liver capsule thickness, only the variance (F=0. 55, r=0. 06; both P＞0. 05), sum average (F=0.61, both r=0.05 ; P＞0.05), sum entropy (F=1.68, r=0.09; both P≥0.05) and entropy (F=1.39,r=0.12; both P＞0.05) were not significantly associated with the stages and not manifested linear correlation. Using biopsy results as gold standard, the correct rank rate of discriminant analysis model analysis in the patients staged from S0 to S4 were 80. 0%, 64. 9%, 61.3%, 74. 1% and 80.6 %, respectively. There were 73.1% of cross-validated cases who were accurately classified by the model analysis. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in patients with stage ≥ 1 were 97. 6%,80.0% and 91.9%, respectively; those in patients with stage≥2 were 92.1%, 89.7% and 90.9%,respectively; those in patients with stage≥3 were 94.8%, 96.1% and 95.7%; and those in patients with stage 4 were 80. 6%, 97.4 % and 94.6%, respectively. When considered S0 as no fibrosis, S1 as mild fibrosis, S2 and S3 as moderate to severe fibrosis and S4 as early cirrhosis, the consistence rates between discriminant analysis model and biopsy result were 81.7%, 78. 4%, 56. 9% and 90.3%,respectively. There were 74.7% of cross-validated cases who were correctly classified. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the models for determining the fibrosis severity in patients≥mild fibrosis were 97.6%, 81.7% and 92.5%, respectively; those in patients ≥ moderate to severe fibrosis were 83. 1%, 94.8% and 89.2%, respectively; those in patients with early cirrhosis were 90.3%, 93.5% and 93.0%, respectively. Conclusion As a novel and noninvasive method, ultrasonic texture analysis could quantitatively determine liver fibrosis in CHB patients and is worthy of further investigation.

Background Diclofenac sodium eye drops,pranoprofen eye drops and bromfenac sodium hydrate eye drops are three clinical commonly used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs).The variation of cytoxicity among these drugs and whether the cytoxicity is related to the supplements are also unknown.Objective This study was to compare the cytotoxicity of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops and their active components with cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) in vitro,and to discuss toxic origins of these drugs.Methods HCECs were cultured in different drugs with the final concentration of 0.10％,0.05％,0.02％ and 0.01％.Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay.Then,0.002％ eye drops (1∶50) was added,and the migration and damage of the cells were deceted by transwell migration assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay.Results The cytotoxicity of three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops on HCECs was concentration-dependent (all at P=0.00).Diclofenac sodium eye drops showed the most dominant effects on the proliferation,migration and damage of HCECs among the three eye drops,while bromfenac sodium eye drops showed the least effect on the cell damage (proliferation:Fdrug =20.25,P=0.00;migration:F =103.43,P =0.00;damage:Fdrug =164.16,P =0.00).Compared with the eye drops,their active components showed less cytoxicity.Pranoprofen appeared the least effects on the proliferation,migration and damage of HCECs (proliferation:Fdrug =332.27,P =0.00;migration:F =332.27,P =0.00;damage:Fdrug=154.83,P=0.00).Conclusions The cytotoxicity ofdiclofenac sodium eye drops is more obvious than that of pranoprofen eye drops or bromfenac sodium hydrate eye drops.The cytotoxicity of the three eye drops originates from their supplements or the interaction between the supplements and active components.

Background Limbal stem cells (LSCs) play an important role on the stability of corneal epithelium and corneal transparency.Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor can promote cell proliferation and reduce apoptosis,such as human embryonic stem cells and karatin epithelial cells.Objective This study was to investigate the improving effect of Y-27632,a ROCK inhibitor,on the activity of rabbit LSCs in corneal preservation medium.Methods Corneal preservation solution was prepared by adding 12.5％ chondroitin sulfate,10.0％ low molecular dextran,20.0 mg/L dexamethasone,100 mg/L tobramycin sulfate,9.5 g/L Hepes and 0.375 mg/L L-glutamine in MEM.The corneas of New Zealand white rabbits were collected and preserved in the corneal preservation solution with or without Y-27632 for 4,7,14 days,and the density and morphology of corneal endothelial cells were examined by using 0.25％ trypan blue staining and 0.2％ alizarin red staining.Isolated corneal epithelial cells were seeded on 3T3 feeder layer and cultured for 7-10 days until colonies formation.Colony shape of LSCs was observed under the light microscope,and colony-formation efficiency was analyzed after Giemsa staining by Image J software.Results The morphology and density of corneal endothelial cells were normal in the corneal preservation solution with and without Y-27632 for 4 days.In the seventh day after preservation,the cells remained the regular hexagon in shape in the preservation solution with Y-27632,however,the cellular membrane was slightly shrinking with the positive staining for alizarin red in the preservation solution without Y-27632.The density of corneal endothelial cells in the corneal preservation solution without Y-27632 was (2 262-± 75) cells /mm2,while in the preservation solution with Y-27632 was (2 425 ±95) cells/mm2(P＜0.001).The cloning spheres of LSCs were similar in preservation solution both with and without Y-27632 in the freshly isolated cornea or preserved corneas and exhibited more cells inside.But in 7 days and 14 days after preservation,the cloning spheres were much smaller in the preservation solution without Y-27632 group than those in the preservation with Y-27632 group.No significant differences were found in the cloning-formation rate and survival rate of corneal epithelial cells in corneas freshly isolated or preserved for 4 days in both groups (all at P＞0.05).In 7 days and 14 days after preservation,the active rates of corneal epitheli.al cells were (73.00±2.12)％ and (56.00±0.71)％ in the preservation solution with Y27632,which were significantly higher than (66.00 ± 4.00) ％ and (49.00 ± 0.71) ％ in the preservation solution without Y-27632,showing statistically significant differences between them (t =3.098,P =0.018;t =9.798,P =0.000).In addition,the cloning-formation rates of LSCs were (11.05±0.21)％ and (3.10±1.97)％ in the preservation solution with Y-27632 in 7 days and 14 days after preservation,revealing significantly elevation in comparison with (2.05 ± 1.20) ％ and (0.40 ±0.14) ％ in the preservation solution without Y-27632 (t =18.107,P =0.000;t=3.184,P=0.017).Conclusions Y-27632 promotes the vitality and cloning-formation ability of LSCs in corneal preservation medium,suggesting its potential use during storage of cornea.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of frequency difference and intensity difference on mismatch negativity (MMN) change in normal persons. Emphatically to observe the effect on the latency and amplitude of normal people's MMN, as well as the threshold of the acoustic difference which may induce the MMN. METHODS Twenty-four adults were included in this study. Their thresholds of pure tone audiometry were within 20dBHL. The MMN were measured by using the Smart EP ( ear potentiometer provided by the company of Intelligent Hearing) and the rule of the change by the difference of frequency and intensity to the latency and amplitude of normal people’s MMN were studied. RESULTS Along with the decreasing of the difference of the frequency, the MMN latency prolonged gradually. The amplitude of the MMN decreased gradually as the decreasing of the intensity difference. CONCLUSION A stable MMN graph is an important indicator of objective physiological test with hearing distinguish.