Objective To invectigate the etiology and pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm. Methods Four experimental animal models of intracranial aneurysm were established with normal horse serum injected into veins or the neck regions, or into both common carotid arteries which were narrowed, by using silk ligature or noradrenalin injection into the neck regions. Results Ten intracranial aneurysms were found in the experimental animal model.Conclusion The immunological response,arteryischemia and continuous vasospasm may be considered the direct pathogenic factors of the intracranial aneurysm.

Objective To define the nuclear agrresome formation is determinated by which part of the UL76 of
HCMV. Full-length, conserved N terminal and unconserved C terminal of pUL76 were constructed to eukaryotic ex-pression plasmid pEGFP-N1 . Methods Primers were designed to amplify full-length and different part of pUL76 according to standard sequence of HCMV AD169 which had been submitted to GenBank(FJ527563. 1). These frag-ments were constructed to eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-N1 . The recombinant plasmids were designated pEGFP-UL76,pEGFP-UL76N, pEGFP-UL76C respectively. Double digestion and sequencing were performed to verify the accuracy of recombinant plasmids construction. Empty vector and three recombinant plasmids were transi-ent transfected to HELF and HepG-2 cells respectively. Reverse transcriptation PCR and Western blot were per-formed to detect the RNA and protein expression level respectively. Different nuclear aggresome formations were visualized with an Olympus fluorescence microscopy. Results pEGFP-N1 and pEGFP-UL76N were unable to in-duce nuclear aggresome formation, whereas pEGFP-UL76 and pEGFP-UL76C were able to elicit nuclear aggresome formation. Conclusion The unconserved C terminal of pUL76 is sufficient to induce nuclear aggresome formation.

AIM:To investigate the effects of high-fat diet on the level of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) and the activity of angiotensinⅠconverting enzyme (ACE) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) of rabbits. The association between asthma and high-fat diet was also observed. METHODS: Twelve male New Zealand rabbits were medially divided into normal diet group and 1.2% high-cholesterol diet group randomly. 8 weeks later, bronchial alveolar lavage was performed in vitro. [Ca2+]i was determined by Fluo-2/am.The activity of ACE was detected with ultraviolet method. RESULTS: The levels of [Ca2+]i in AMs greatly increased (P

Object To study the change of serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor(SIL-2R) in syphilitic patients and its clinical significance.Methods The serum SIL-2R level in syphilitic patients of different stages and after therapy were detected using the ELISA technique.Results The serum SIL-2R level in syphiliti patients was higher than that in control group(P0 05).Conclusions SIL-2R level and its variation have some reference value for evaluating the therapeutic effect and judgement of the disease course in syphilitic patients.

Objective: To investigate the roots and canals morphology o f extracted maxillary first premolars. Methods: The root morphol ogy and the root canals of 115 extracted maxillary first premolars were visualiz ed on radiographs taken in the mesio-distal direction, then the teeth were cut transversely and root sections were examined, the root canal systems was analyse d with Vertucci’s classification. Results: 74(64%) teeth were w ith one root, 41(36%) with two roots, all teeth with two roots had two canals a nd each canal with one apical foramen,〔TypeⅠ(1)〕.39% of the single-root teet h demonstrated one canal, whereas 61% of the single-root teeth had two canals, 〔TypeⅡ(2-1), TypeⅣ(2) and TypeⅤ(1-2)〕.Conclusions: The roots of maxillary first premolars possesses a variety of canal system types.

ZHANG Lin-hua, GAO Rui-chang, XU Ming-li (School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China)

Objective To assess the value of ultrasonic probe (USP) in the diagnosis of Submucous eminence of colorectume.Methods Sixty-eight patients with colorectal submucous eminence in 70 areas received USP under colonoscope.The accuracy of diagnosis was evaluated.Results Twenty carcinoid tumor were detected which manifested submucous hypoechoic ; Lipoma 12,located in right half colon which manifested submucous layer,clear boundaries hyperechoic; Cyst 12 manifested single or multi lattices no-echo on submucous which have integrated involucrum.Mesenchymoma or myoma levicellulare 12,most of them located inthe rectum manifested uniform or no-uniform hypoechoic on the muscularis mucosa or below and were difficult to discriminate.Malignant lymphoma,3 manifested muscularis mucosa and submucosa thickening,muscularis propria were seldom affected.Vascular diseases (hemangioma,varicosity) 3,manifested no-echoic on mucosa or submucosa,some medium,high echoic,circular or irregular,and also endometriosis 2,pigment deposition 1,appendix abscess 1,extramural compression 2,ultrasonic test is marched with clinic diagnosis.Accuracy rate is 100％.Conclusion USP can diagnose colorectal submucous eminence with high accuracy,and even provide information about the size,layer of origin,border of the colorectal submucous eminence and can distinguish benign or malignant tumor according to ultrasonic check,at the same time provide differentiation with extramural compressive lesions.

Objective To establish the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method for the detection of bifidobacteria in human fecal samples, and to provide an effective means for measuring intestinal bacteria. Methods Total DNA of bacteria was extracted from 60 cases of children's fecal samples. Three primers of bifidobacteria based on the 16S ribosomal RNA (16SrRNA)which possessed specialities of bacteria as amplified region were designed.The part of amplified 16SrRNA gene sequences was used as standard production.The serial dilution of standard was analyzed to build an absolute quantitative standard curve with SYBR GreenⅠ dye method, and the bifidobacterium contents in sixty human fecal samples were calculated. The sensitivity of the reaction was calculated by detecting the lowest detectable standard which determined the sensitivity of the reaction. The PCR products’melting curve was used to evaluate the specificity.The coefficient of variation (CV)of different batches of standard with the same concentration was used to evaluate the stability of reaction.Results The length of PCR product fragment which was used to build the standard curve was about 6 1 3 bp, the sequencing result was consist with the goals, and the standard sample of bifidobacteria was successfully established in real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The standard curve showed a good linear relationship with R2=0.999.The minimum detection value was 1.48×102 copies per reaction.The melting curve of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was a single peak.The test samples were batched and then examined by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The CV of standards’ Ct values which calculated from the standard (1.48 × 103 -1.48 × 107 copies · μL-1 )were 2.94%, 3.39%, 3.54%,3.08%,and 3.34%,respectively.The contents of bifidobacteria in fecal from 60 children was 7.77± 0.86(copies · g-1 wet fecal)transformed by logarithmic.Conclusion The established real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method has high sensitivity, strong specificity and good repeatability, which is suitable for detection of human fecal bifidobacteria content.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of nosocomial infections,risk factors and prevention measures in patients with chronic severe hepatitis B.METHODS A retrospective review of the medical records of 354 patients with chronic severe hepatitis B admitted between Jan 2006 and Dec 2006 was performed.RESULTS The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with chronic severe hepatitis B was 16.67% and mainly infection sites consisted of abdominal cavity(40.32%),and upper respiratory tract(22.58%).The most common infection(47.46%) was occurred during the period of hospitalization 15-30 days after and the most commonly pathogens were Gram-negative bacilli(68.75%).The infection risk factors were associated with invasive operation,hypoalbuminemia,endotoxemia,advanced age,antibiotics application and decrease in cell immune function.CONCLUSIONS It is important for the patients with chronic severe hepatitis B to strengthen management on related risk factors in order to prevent nosocomial infection effectively.

Objective To evaluate the application and risk of hematogenous tumor dissemination of intraoperative autologous blood salvage on radical nephrectomy for renal carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus.Methods Between July 1999 and October 2005,19 patients with renal cell carcinoma invading inferior vena cava were used by the intraoperative autologous blood salvage.Preoperative and postoperative clinical data were analyzed and compared.The blood sparing effect and follow-up were evaluated.Results The intraoperative autologous blood salvage of all cases was successful.The levels of HCT,Hb and RBC on the 1st and 7th postoperative day were significantly lower than preoperative day.Although the level of PLT decreased on the 1st postoperative day,it recovered on the 7th day.The markers of liver and renal function did not change during treat time.Packed red blood cells were collected during surgery with a mean value of 1 765 ml(300～6 000 ml) per patient.The average amount of allogenic transfusion per patient was 2 247ml(0～8000 ml).The perioperative mortality rate was 10.5%(2/19).The postoperative metastasis rate was 35.3%(6/17).No difference was found in the prognosis between two groups.Conclusion The intraoperative autologous blood salvage does not markedly change the clinic test data and not increase the recurrence and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.