AIM To clarify the mechanism of berberine on mobility diarrhea by investigating the effects of berberine on calcium-activated potassium current I K(Ca) and delayed-rectifier potassium channel current I K(V) of guinea pig colonic smooth muscle cells. METHODS Single guinea pig colonic smooth muscle cells was isolated by collagenase; The effects of berberine on I K(Ca) and I K(V) were detected by using patch clamp technique, under the conventional whole cell patch clamp mode. RESULTS 10, 50, 100 ?mol?L -1 berberine inhibited I K(Ca) of guinea pig colonic smooth muscle cells significantly (P

Objective To investigate the effects of serotonin(5-HT) on the ionic channels currents and membrane potentials of single guinea pig proximate colon myocytes. Methods Cell images before and after contraction were captured and analyzed with an imag e analysis software. Channels currents, action potential (AP) and resting potent ial (RP) were recorded with an EPC-9 amplifier. Results The direct actions of 10 ?mol/L 5-HT to myocytes resulted in followin g effects: Firstly, the exogenous stimulated peak values of AP reduced to 60%?7 .3%(n=7,P

AIM To study the effects of progesterone on contractile activity of smooth muscle stripes and the large conduction Ca 2+ activated K + currents (BK Ca ) of single colonic myocytes in female guinea pig proximal colons METHODS Stripes and single cells were separated acutely from guinea pig proximal colon Contractions of stripes were measured by isonic transducer, and Ca 2+ activated K + currents were recorded with an Axopatch 1D amplifier under conventional whole cell patterns RESULTS 64 8 ?mol?L -1 progesterone produced longitudinal stripes significantly re laxation(0 1792 g?0 0873 g, n =6, P

Objective:To investigate the optimal emergency endoscopy timing in patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB).Methods:The clinical data of patients with EGVB emergency endoscopy in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to November 2020 were collected and analyzed. According to the time interval from admission to the start of emergency endoscopy, they were divided into emergency endoscopy group (<6 h, n=115) and early endoscopy group (6-24 h, n=57). The baseline data, clinical efficacy and postoperative situation of the two groups were compared, and the risk factors of 6-week mortality of EGVB emergency endoscopy were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results:In terms of baseline characteristics, there were no significant differences in age, gender, causes, shock index, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, charlson complication index (CCI) score, portal hypertension related complications between the two groups ( P<0.05). However, the albumin (ALB) in emergency endoscopy group was significantly lower than that in early endoscopy group ( P<0.001). There were significant differences in Child Pugh grading and Child Pugh score between the two groups ( P=0.002, P=0.001). In terms of endoscopic efficacy, the detection rate of bleeding site in emergency endoscopy group was significantly higher than that in early endoscopy group (90.4% and 73.7%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in operation duration, immediate hemostasis success rate, 5-day rebleeding rate, rescue treatment demand and 6-week mortality between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in bleeding related death between the two groups ( P>0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in blood product consumption, intensive care unit (ICU) stay and total hospital stay between the two groups ( P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that Child Pugh grade C ( P=0.018), MELD score ( P=0.005) and CCI score ( P=0.001) were independent risk factors for 6-week death outcome of EGVB patients, while emergency endoscopic intervention time was not related to 6-week death outcome ( P=0.5). Conclusions:The efficacy of early endoscopic intervention is no worse than that of emergency endoscopic intervention, except for the identification of bleeding site. Child-Pugh grade C, MELD score, and CCI score are the independent risk factors for 6-week mortality, while the timing of emergency endoscopy is not associate with 6-week mortality in EGVB patients.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of Ortho-Bridger System (OBS) for the treatment of complex tibial fractures.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of the 64 patients with complex tibial fracture who had been treated at Department of Orthopaedics, Tongling People's Hospital from June 2014 to June 2018 using OBS. They were 46 males and 18 females, aged from 22 to 65 years (average, 44.3 years). There were 38 close comminuted or multi-segmental fractures complicated with skin and soft tissue defects and 26 cases of tibial exposure. The interval from injury to surgery ranged from 3 to 20 days (average, 13.6 days). The therapeutic outcomes were evaluated in terms of fracture union time, healing of skin and soft tissue defects and postoperative functional recovery.Results:The 64 patients were followed up for 12 to 50 months (average, 26.3 months). Obvious callus formation started at 3 to 8 months after operation and bony union was achieved at 9 to 18 months after operation. No obvious limitation was observed in the range of motion of the ankle and knee joints. Skin defects healed and completely covered the bone at 3 to 6 weeks after operation.Conclusion:OBS can lead to fine clinical efficacy in the treatment of complex tibial fractures, like open and comminuted multi-segmental ones complicated with soft tissue defects.

Terpenoids are a group of structurally diverse compounds with good biological activities and versatile functions such as anti-cancer and immunity-enhancing effects, and are widely used in food, healthcare and medical industries. Facilitated by the increasing understandings on the natural biosynthetic pathways of terpenoids in recent years, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been engineered into high-yield strains for production of a variety of terpenoids, some of which have reached or become close to the level required by industrial production. In this connection, synthetic biology driven biotechnological production of terpenoids has become a promising alternative to chemical synthesis and traditional extraction approaches. This article summarizes the recent process in engineering S. cerevisiae for terpenoids biosynthesis, highlighting the effect of synthetic biology strategies by taking a couple of typical terpenoids as examples.
Biosynthetic Pathways ; Metabolic Engineering ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics* ; Synthetic Biology ; Terpenes

Type-3 innate lymphoid cell(ILC3)differentiate into lymphocyte progenitor cells and widely distributed in body,serving as a bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immunity.Previous studies believed that ILC3 was mainly involved in intesti-nal immune regulation,however,the latest studies have shown that,in addition to its role in intestinal diseases,ILC3 can also partici-pate in occurrence and development of a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases.This article reviews role of ILC3 in chronic inflamma-tory diseases.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of JNET classification using magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging(ME-NBI)on diagnosis of colorectal neoplastic lesions. Methods A total of 110 colorectal neoplastic lesions detected by conventional colonoscopy were assessed by ME-NBI,and the histology was predicted according to characteristics of vessel pattern and surface pattern with JNET classification and Kudo classification,respectively. The results were compared with actual histologic findings of these lesions. Results The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value,and accuracy of overall JNET classification with ME-NBI for colorectal neoplastic lesions was 96.2%(75/78),93.8%(30/32),97.4%(75/77),90.9%(30/33), and 95.5%(105/110), respectively. The corresponding indicators of overall Kudo classification with ME-NBI was 92.3%(72/78), 81.3%(26/32),92.3%(72/78),81.3%(26/32),and 89.1%(98/110),respectively,with no significant difference compared to JNET classification(P=0.077). Diagnostic accuracy of JNET classification was 92.3%(36/39)in the polyps with diameter of 1 to 5 mm,93.8%(15/16)in the polyps with diameter of 6 to 10 mm,98.2%(54/55)in the polyps with diameter more than 10 mm, and those diagnostic accuracies had no significant difference(P=0.345). Conclusion JNET classification with ME-NBI is effective in distinguishing neoplastic from non-neoplastic colorectal lesions.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of "pre-purse-string" suture on submucous gastric lesions of external growth type in endoscopic patients. Methods Clinical data of 27 patients with gastric lesions of external growth type admitted to the digestive endoscopy center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from August 2016 to October 2016 for endoscopic submucosal dissection ( ESD ) were analyzed. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, the experiment group receiving the "pre-purse-string" suture, the control group receiving purse-string suture after ESD. Mean size of the lesions, procedure time, withdrawal time of gastric decompression, and hospitalization time were compared. Results In the 15 patients of the experiment group, there were 3 cases whose lesions were located in gastric antrum, 6 in gastric body and 6 in gastric fundus. In the 12 cases of the control group, 3 lesions were located in gastric antrum, 5 in gastric body and 4 in gastric fundus. All procedures were successfully completed in endoscopy. No obvious postoperative complications occurred. The mean size of lesions was 2. 5 cm × 3. 2 cm in the experiment group,and 2. 4 cm×3. 0 cm in the control group (P=0. 63). The operation time was 28. 0-43. 0 min (35. 8±6. 1 min) in the experiment group, and 45. 6-68. 8 min (48. 8±5. 3 min) in control group ( P<0. 01) . Conclusion "Pre-purse-string" technique is of clinical effect on gastric submucosal tumor of external growth.

The dental pulp is the only soft tissue structure within the tooth,serving functions such as sensation and nutrition.However,the dental pulp is highly susceptible to necrosis due to external factors.Currently,root canal therapy is the most commonly used treatment for pulp necrosis.Nevertheless,teeth treated with root canal therapy are prone to secondary infections and adverse outcomes like vertical root fractures.Regenerative endodontic therapy has emerged as a solution,aiming to replace damaged tooth structures,including dentin,root structure,and the pulp-dentin complex cells.This approach demonstrates significant advantages in addressing clinical symptoms and achieving regeneration of the root and even the pulp.Since the discovery of dental pulp stem cells,regenerative endodontic therapy has gained new momentum.Advances in cell transplantation and cell homing techniques have rapidly developed,showing promising potential for clinical applications.