Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous perforation of the large intestine.Methods The clinical data of 9 cases with spontaneous perforation of the large intestine admitted into our hospital since 1994 were analyzed retrospectively.Results All the 9 cases were over 60 years of age,had no specific clinical manifestations,and were misdiagnosed preoperatively.Among them,4 cases had a(longstanding) history of hypertension and arteriosclerosis,and 6 cases had habitual constipation.There was 1 case with perforation of transverse colon,1 case of descending colon,3 cases of sigmoid colon,and 4 cases of upper rectum.Four cases underwent exteriorization after a simple closure of the perforation,while in the other 5 cases closure of the perforation was followed by a loop colostomy.The postoperative complications included cardiac arrhythmia(1 case),lung infection(2 cases),and infection of incisional wound(1 case).All cases recovered smoothly and were discharged.Conclusions Spontaneous perforation of the large intestine usually presents in old patients,and frequeatly occurs in the rectum and sigmoid colon.It is usually misdiagnosed preoperatively,and surgical intervention should be performed as soon as possible.The operation should be simple.It is crucial to intensify management after operation.

Objective To establish the fingerprint of Gentiana straminea from Qinghai Province by HPLC. Methods By orthogonal design and related methods based on information theories and chemometrics to optimize the proper HPLC conditions so that the fingerprint spectra of ten groups of different samples have been formed. Results The experimental results are the fact that the common fingerprint peaks, precision, and repeatability in the fingerprint totally meet the relative regulations required in Technical Requirements of the Fingerprint Research in Injection of Chinese Materia Medica (Tentatine Standard). Conclusion The chromatographic fingerprint can be used to identify and evaluate the quality of G. straminea.

Objective To explore optimum cycle of Automatic Washer Disinfector for endozime auto wash triple plus with advanced proteolytic action to ensure mechanical cleaning quality and improve safety of reusable medical instruments. Methods Visual inspection, STF cleaning efficacy monitoring test and Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) test were used to verify cleaning quality of the newly updated No.4 automatic washer disinfector, and changed key parameters on weekly basis, such as pre-cleaning temperature, pre-cleaning time, detergent concentration, main cleaning temperature, and main flushing time, recorded cleaning results for three weeks:Group test of initial procedure, Group test 1 of optimization procedure and Group test 2 of optimization procedure.Χ2 test was used to compare differences of the three groups and determine the optimum cycle. Results Group test 2 of optimization procedure had the highest visual inspection and ATP test qualification rate (both were 100.00%), and pass all the STF tests. Cleaning quality was significantly better than the other two groups, and the cycle made full use of the tested detergent. Conclusions Cycle parameters of cleaning machine have great impact on medical instruments cleaning quality; Specific consuming products need to be verified to determine the optimum cleaning cycle.

Objective To investigate the perioperative treatment of elderly patients with intestinal obstruc-tion.Methods The perioperative clinical data of 57 elderly patients with intestinal obstruction who underwent surgi-cal treatment and admitted were retrospectively analyzed.Results 24 cases (42.1%)occurred in 57 cases of com-plications with 62 times,including 9 cases of lung infection,intestinal obstruction in 3 cases,arrhythmia in 6 cases, 11 cases of wound infection,acute renal failure in 2 cases and 37 cases of hypoalbuminemia.Conclusion Underlying diseases and poor health were the characteristics of elderly patients with intestinal obstruction.A comprehensive assessment of the condition before surgery and to improve the treatment of complications can reduce the incidence of surgical complications.

Objective To investigate the major effective Chinese materia medica inQuban Prescription for intervention in melanin synthesis.Methods 3×2 factorial design was used. The factors of investigation were Crataegi Fructus, Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Corni Fructus. Tyrosinase activity, melanin generation and auto-oxidation of dopa were determinated respectively; and the major effective Chinese materia medica ofQuban Prescription for intervention in melanin synthesis was analyzed by SPSS16.0 software.Results Tyrosinase activity was remarkably inhibited by Corni Fructus (P<0.05). Melanin generation was remarkably inhibited by Corni Fructus and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (P<0.01). Auto-oxidation of dopa was remarkably inhibited by Corni Fructus and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (P<0.05). Corni Fructus was in an absolute leading position.ConclusionCorni Fructus is the major effective Chinese materia medica in inhibiting tyrosinase activity, melanin generation and auto-oxidation of dopa in the prescription.

Objective To evaluate the value of bile duct drainage using ureter catheter through cystic duct remnant with primary closure of the common bile duct(CBD) incision after CBD exploration.Methods (Retrospective) analysis of the clinical data of 218 cases using this method. Results All cases were operated on successfully.There were no complications such as bile leakage,bile duct stricture in this series.The (catheter) were removed 5-7 days after operation in 215 cases,10 days after operation in 3.None of the 218 cases had complications after removal of the catheter.The rate of stone clearance was 99.7%(217/218).Average hospitalization time after operation was(6.5?3.0)days.All the 218 cases were followed up for 1-5 years.On ultrosounography no bile duct stricture was found in the followed up cases.Conclusions (Using) ureteral catheter through cystic duct remnant for drainage of bile duct after CBD exploration with primary closure of the CBD is an effctive,reliable and safe method in preventing postoperative bile leakage,bile duct stricture and diagnosis of the postoperative retention of bile duct stones.

To investigate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of inraspinal tumors.
The clinical data of 246 patients with inraspinal tumors who had undergone operations in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical Col ege between January 2010 and January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The treatment and prognosis of inraspinal tumors were reviewed.
262 operations were performed, with posterior bilateral laminectomy approach in 202 cases, semi-laminectomy approach in 28 cases, laminoplasty approach in 10 cases, and lateral resection of extra-vertebral canal dumbbel shaped tumors in 22 cases. The short-term remission rate of the nerve root pain reached 95.0%(133/140), and the improvement rates of the sensory disability, motor disturbance, and sphincter dysfunction were 85.6%(125/146), 86.7%( 136/157), and 84.6(11/13) respectively. The ASIA nervous function scores and grades at the last fol ow-up were significantly superior to those before and 3 months after the operation in 236 patients.
Intraspinal tumors are mostly benign. The clinical appearance of them should be watched closely, and thorough physical check-up should be performed. MRI is the examination of choice at early diagnosis. The key to improve the treatment effects is to perform operations as soon as possible.

TMZ-SLN were prepared by emulsification-low temperature solidification method with stearic acid. The formulation and the preparation conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiments using entrapment efficiency as the evaluation index. The morphology was detected by transmission electron microscope. The Zeta potentials and the particle size distribution were evaluated by Laser Doppler Anemometry. The entrapment efficiencies and the drug release characteristics in vitro were assessed. The result showed that TMZ-SLN were concinnous and spherical in shape. The mean diameter (d(av) ) was 65.0 +/- 6.2 nm and the Zeta potential was -37.2 mV. The average entrapment efficiency was 58.9% +/- 1.21 %. The drug release behavior in vitro conformed to Higuchi Equation. The formation of a new material phase was testified by analysis of differential scanning calorimetry.
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Dacarbazine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Lipids ; chemistry ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Stearic Acids ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate a combination of open surgery and multiple interventional methods in the treatment of DVT of the lower extremities. Methods 521 cases (521 limbs,356 male and 165 female) were studied in this group. Age ranged from 16 to 86 years with the mean age of (46 ±9)years. All 521 cases with DVT were treated by Fogarty embolectomy catheter. Among them,348 cases underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), 135 cases received PTA and ultrasound ablation,stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases. Results Based on angiography during operation, the obstructed iliofemoral vein received complete recanalization in 511 cases. Among them, the postoperative luminal diameter was more than 90% in 38 cases after Fogarty embolectomy, the average stenosis rate was reduced from 90% ±5% to 24% ±5% in 365 cases after PTA and stent-grafts were implanted in 108 cases with the stenosis rate still over 50% after PTA. Only partial recanalization was achieved in the entrance of common iliac vein to inferior vena cava in 10 cases. Of the 521 cases,472 cases were followed-up with mean time of (53 ± 26) months, ranging from 8 to 108 months and 462 cases reported satisfactory results with normal life,the unsuccessful 10 cases still felt swelling pain especially in erect position. Complications occurred in 33 cases. Conclusions Open surgery combining with multiple interventional methods is a safe and effective method in the treatment of DVT.

BACKGROUND:Restoration of neurological functions after the damaged peripheral nerve is reconstructed is a hot topic in existing research. Within a short term fol owing peripheral nerve injury, nerve and muscle begin to develop irreversible degeneration. Restoration of the damaged nerve requires delayed degeneration and basic microenvironment. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effect of cardiotrophin-1 on PC12 cells and Schwann cells. METHODS:Schwann cells and PC12 cells were obtained and cultured in complete medium, serum-free medium and 50 ℃ medium, respectively. cells in cardiotrophin-1 group were treated with exogenous cardiotrophin-1 solvent, while those in the control group were treated with equivalent Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium, for 24 hours. The survival rate for PC12 cells and Schwann cells was determined using cellCounting Kit-8 colorimetric method. The lactate dehydrogenase activity in supernatant was detected by lactate dehydrogenase kit, and the malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity were measured by thiobarbituricaicd and xanthine oxidese method respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The survival rate of PC12 cells and Schwann cells in cardiotrophin-1 group was obviously increased, lactate dehydrogenase releasing and malondialdehyde content were obviously decreased, superoxide dismutase activity was dramatical y improved compared with control group. Exogenous cardiotrophin-1 reduces the injury caused by ischemia and heat stress stimulation for PC12 cells and Schwann cells. The mechanism of protection may be related to the expression of anti-apoptosis protein activated by the combination of cardiotrophin-1 and its receptors.