Objective This study aimed to explore the potential targets of Yishenqingli Formula in treating idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)using a combination of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)analysis and network pharmacology.Methods The active ingredients of the Yishen Qingli Formula were identified through the BATMAN-TCM database and LC-MS qualitative analysis.The biological processes and mechanism pathways of the Yishen Qingli Formula in treating IMN were predicted using network pharmacology,and molecular docking and in vitro,experiments were conducted to verify the selected core targets.The core targets were selected and validated through molecular docking and in vitro experiments.Results A total of 15 active ingredients were selected from the Yishen Qingli Formula,and 72 core genes were obtained by intersecting its target with the IMN disease target.GO enrichment analysis results showed that the regulation of apoptosis signaling pathway,white cell migration,peptide tyrosine phosphorylation,and so on were involved;The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis results showed that the treatment of IMN with Yishen Qingli Formula involves apoptosis-related signaling pathways such as TNF,PI3K/AKT,MAPK,etc.In vitro,experiments have shown that Yishen Qingli Formula can reduce podocyte apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway.Conclusion Yishen Qingli Formula is a treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy through multiple targets and pathways.It has an anti-apoptotic effect on the C5b-9 induced podocyte sub-lysis model,and its mechanism of action may be related to the TNF,PI3K/AKT,MAPK signaling pathways.

Objective: To explore the status of PM 2.5 pollution in school classrooms and the student exposure level, and to provide basic data to safeguard the health of students. Methods: This study continuously monitored the PM 2.5 levels of 16 naturally ventilated classrooms in eight primary and secondary schools in Jiamusi for one academic year using an online environmental monitoring instrument. At the same time, outdoor PM 2.5 data was captured for comparative research, and student exposure to PM 2.5 during school hours was evaluated. Results: The average concentration of PM 2.5 in the classroom in the spring and autumn semesters was (26.93±24.7) and (31.85±30.37)μg/m 3, respectively, and the indoor/outdoor ratio ( I/O ) was 0.92 and 0.95, respectively, which indicated a strong correlation between them. The daily average concentration of all classrooms during both semesters was ( 28.93 ±26.85)μg/m 3, which was slightly higher than the average concentration of (27.53±26.53)μg/m 3 during the daytime when students were in school. In addition, the concentration on workdays was higher than that observed on weekends, and this was termed the "weekend effect". The indoor PM 2.5 concentration was lower on higher floors. The comprehensive exposure concentration of students during school was 28.48 μg/m 3 in spring semester and 31.87 μg/m 3 in autumn semester. Conclusion PM 2.5 levels in the classrooms varied according to time, the horizontal space, and the vertical space, and the level of indoor PM 2.5 pollution largely depended on outdoor pollution sources. Differences in PM 2.5 exposure were observed between.

Blood brain barrier (BBB) injury is the main pathological manifestation of many neurological diseases. Glycocalyx is the gel layer covering the lumen side of vascular endothelial cells, which plays an important role in regulating BBB function. However, glycocalyx is very fragile and easily damaged in various neurological diseases, leading to BBB destruction. This article focuses on the potential role of glycocalyx in cerebrovascular disease, the possible mechanisms related to glycocalyx and BBB injury, and explores the potential therapeutic strategies for protecting and restoring endothelial glycocalyx.