Digital CR of head and neck overcomes the disadvantage of regular X-ray radiography, which can not reveal bone and soft tissue position deficiency in one exposing, and reduces the X-ray radiation dose. Meanwhile, various factors decline the imaging quality, and images must be enhanced in order to meet demands of doctors clinical diagnosis. The general enhancement algorithms don't consider bodys structure difference and density characteristics. A new adaptive CR enhancement algorithms was proposed in this article, and head and neck images were processed with this method and compared with linear unsharp masking method. The results proved that the details of CR image enhanced were abundant and enhanced CR had good visual effect. SNR was high, as well as detail variance/background variance (DV/BV) indicating that this algorithms is suitable for head and neck CR medical image.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are essential for establishing metastasis. Detecting CTCs can help clinicians detect early metastases or recurrences more effectively. Compared with traditional histological analyses and imaging, CTC detection has a much higher reproducibility and sensitivity and can provide more timely prognostic information in human breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the Effect of Tetramethylpyrazine on adhesion and invasion ability of Cell PG in Hypoxic Environment. Methods The revival cell PG was divided into three dosages(high, medium and low)group of Tetramethylpyrazine, DDP group and negative control group. All of five groups were cultured separately in the normal and hypoxic environment. The adhesion ability of Cell PG were detected by MTT. The invasion ability of Cell PG were detected by Transwell chamber. Results Observed on the reconstruction of the basement membrane adhesion in PG cells by MTT, in normoxic environment the mean absorbance of the TMP high, medium and low concentrations, cisplatin group, control group were (0.556±0.040),(0.519±0.056), (0.517±0.061),(0.333±0.057),(0.300±0.066), P<0.01. In hypoxic environment the mean absorbance of the TMP high , medium and low concentrations, cisplatin group, control group were (0.48±0.032),(0.452±0.059),(0.274±0.093),(0.464±0.099),(0.155±0.042), P<0.01. Promotion of cell adhesion with Tetramethylpyrazine of high, medium and low concentration group and DDP group in hypoxic environment is greater than in normoxic environment(P<0.01). Observed the reconstruction of the invasion of basement membrane of PG cells by Transwell chamber, in normoxic environment the invasive cells of the TMP high, medium and low concentrations, cisplatin group, control group were :(28.00±17.00),(91.67±30.37),(105.67±39.58),(85.00±8.19),(152.33±24.71), P<0.05. In hypoxic environment the invasive cells of the TMP high , medium and low concentrations , cisplatin group, control group were (20.33±15.31), (22.33±17.62),(56.00±11.53),(57.67±35.95), (76.33±18.01), P<0.05. The invasive cells of normoxic control group was significantly more than hypoxic control group(P<0.05). Conclusion In hypoxic environment , adhesion and invasion ability of Cell PG significantly decreased compared with normoxic environment ; In normoxia and hypoxia environment, Tetramethylpyrazine and cisplatin could promote the adhesion ability and inhibit the invasion ability of PG cells. Role in promoting of Tetramethylpyrazine on cell adhesion of PG cells was stronger in hypoxic environment.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short effect and safety of the acupoint application of dog days for allergic rhinitis.

METHODSTwo hundred and forty-nine patients were randomly divided into an application group (166 cases) and a placebo group (83 cases). On the first day of the first dog days, the first day of the second of the three ten-day periods of the hot season and the first day of the last of the three ten-day periods of the hot season, acupoint application was adopted mainly at Dazhui (GV 14), Feishu (BL 13), Pishu (BL 20) and Shenshu (BL 23) in the application group. The plaster was made of Chinese herbs, including Baijiezi (semen brassicae), Xixin (asarum), Yanhusuo (corydalis tuber) and Gansui (euphorbia kansui). Buckwheat plaster without medical ingredient was used in the placebo group. The application was pasted for 2-6 h every time. On the first three days of all the three periods of dog days, treatment was used continuously. The whole period of dog days was made into one course. The changes of symptom and syndrome scores, visual analogue scale (VAS) for symptom before and after treatment and the adverse reaction with the condition disposed were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the symptom and syndrome scores and VAS for symptom were improved compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.05), and the improvements of the application group were more obvious than those of the placebo group (all P < 0.05). The short effective rate of the application group was 68.1% (113/166), which was better than 48.2% (40/83) of the placebo group (P < 0.05). The adverse reaction rates were 4.2% (7/166), 2.4% (2/83) respectively, with no statistical significance between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe dog days plaster achieves obvious effect with good safety for allergic rhinitis.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of two kinds of permeation enhancers,azone and clove bud oil,on transdermal permeation of Shuxiong cataplasm. Methods Cataplasm containing azone and clove bud oil,at different concentrations were prepared,with ferulic acid as the index,the role of enhancing permeation of azone and clove bud oil for the main active component were studied by in vitro permeation experiments. Results Both azone and clove bud oil at different concentrations could increase permeation. Clove bud oil was better than azone and the best concentration of Clove bud oil is 3%. Meanwhile,the permeation enhancing multiple of clove bud oil group was the highest which was 3.68. Conclusion With the cumulative permeation quantity of ferulic acid as the index,3% clove bud oil is more suitable to act as a permeation enhancer of Shuxiong cataplasm.

Objective To observe the effectiveness of dexamethasone combined with azasetron for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) in patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods A total of 150 ASA(Ⅰ~Ⅱ) patients undergoing an elective LC were randomly divided into three groups with 50 patients in each group: Group D+A was given intravenous dexamethasone 5mg and azasetron 10mg(2ml) at the end of surgery,Group A received intravenous azasetron 10mg(2ml) at the end of surgery,and Group C received normal saline(NS) 2 ml as the control.Episodes of nausea and vomiting were recorded for 24 h following the surgery.Results The incidence of nausea was 4% in the Group D+A(2/50),which was significantly lower than in the Group A(16%,8/50) and the Group C(34%,17/50)(?~2=4.00 and 14.62;P=0.046 and 0.000).The incidence of vomiting was 2% in the Group D+A(1/50),which was significantly lower than in the Group A (14%,(7/50)) and the Group C(32%,16/50)(?~2=4.89 and 15.95;P=0.027 and 0.000).The incidences of nausea and vomiting were significantly lower in the Group A than in the Group C(?~2=4.32 and 4.57;P=0.038 and 0.033).Conclusions Use of a low dose of dexamethasone in combination with azasetron is more effective than azasetron prophylaxis alone for a successful control of PONV after LC.

Objective To evaluate the improvement of cone beam CT (CBCT) image quality by using bewtie filter (F_1) and water calibration. Methods First the multi-level gain calibration of the detector panel with the method of Cal_2 calibration was performed, and the CT images of CATPHAN503 with F_0 and bowtic filter were collected, respectively. Then the detector panel using water calibration kit was calibrated, and images were acquired again. Finally, the change of image quality after using F_1 and (or) water calibration method was observed. The observed indexes included low contrast visibility, spatial uniformity, ring artifact, spatial resolution and geometric accuracy. Results Comparing with the traditional combination of F_0 filter and Cal_2 calibration, the combination of bowtie filter F_1 and water calibration improves low contrast visibility by 13.71%, and spatial uniformity by 54. 42%. Water calibration removes ring artifacts effectively. However, none of them improves spatial resolution and geometric accuracy. Conclusions The combination of F_1 and water calibration improves CBCT image quality effectively. This improvement is aid to the registration of CBCT images and localization images.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Methods By searching in the major databases of CNKI,ISI Web of Knowledge,VIP Information and Pubmed,we collected data of randomized controlled trials pertaining to combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Results Twenty-five randomized controlled trials involving totally 3081 patients were collected according to the inclusion criteria,and meta-analysis of the data indicated that combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can be of great value in the management of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases in comparison with exclusive use of Western medicine [combined odds ratio(OR)was 3.20 with 95% confidence interval(CI)(2.74,3.73),Z=14.85,P＜0.01].Conclusion The clinical evidence derived from the analysis suggests that the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases can be effective with good security.

Objective To study the effect of p50 on IKKα at IL-1β promoter in LPS tolerant cells and to reveal the mechanism of the inhibition of IL-1β mRNA by pS0. Methods THP-1 human promono-cyte model of endotoxin tolerance that simulates the sepsis leukocyte phenotype was used. Chromatin immu-noprecipitation assay(CHIP) and real-time PCR were applied to quantify the binding of p50 and IKKα to IL-1βpromoter. IL-1β mRNA transcription was studied after knocking-down of p50 and/or IKKα. Results With LPS stimulation, p50 binding did not reduce but somewhat increased at IL-1β promoter in tolerant THP-1 cells. Knocking-down of p50 increased the transcription of IL-1β mRNA, which revealed the inhibi-tory effect of p50 in tolerant cells. In contrast, the accumulation of IKKα to IL-1β promoter decreased with LPS stimulation in tolerant cells; However, IKKα binding increased after p50 gene knock-down. In the meantime, IL-1β mRNA transcription increased; At last, IL-1β mRNA decreased again after double-knoc-king down of p50 and IKKα. Conclusion p50 is an inhibitory protein at IL-1β promoter in tolerant THP-1 cells. The unresponsiveness of IL-1β mRNA transcription to LPS at least partly results from the inhibition of IKKα binding to IL-1β promoter by p50.

Objective To explore the feasibility of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) in patients over 85 years old.Methods Three-port LC was performed in 79 patients aged over 85 years old from October 1996 to October 2006.Patients' co-morbidities were effectively controlled before operation.The operation was conducted under continuous epidural anesthesia,and the CO2 pneumoperitoneum pressure was set at 8～10 mm Hg.Results The LC was successfully completed in 70 patients,while conversions to open surgery were required in 9 patients(11.4%).Causes of conversions included severe intraperitoneal adhesion in 6 patients,uncontrolled bleeding in 1 patient,and suspicion of gallbladder carcinoma in 2 patients.Postoperative complications occurred in 10 patients(12.7%,10/79).Of them,1 patient died of acute myocardial infarction,and the remaining 9 patients were cured(including left heart failure in 1 patient,pulmonary infection in 2 patients,ileus in 1 patient,wound haematoma in 1 patient,fungal enteritis in 1 patient,and effusion in the gallbladder bed in 3 patients).Conclusions Proper peri-operative management,effective control of co-morbidities,and careful surgical performance are essential for a safe LC in patients over the age of 85.