Wave intensity (WI) is a hemodynamic index, the method of WI measurement is a real-time system in the basis of the eTRACKING technology, which provides the appearance of haemodynamics ahout heart and blood vascular system and their linear correlation with inner diameter-pressure. The research advantages and the application of WI were reviewed in this article.

Objective: To research the method of Establishing model of polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome. Methods: 45 guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups, group A (normal group), group B (experimental myositis group, control group), Group C (damp-heat group). In the control group, the rabbit skeletal muscle homogenate Garver,s complete adjuvant for subcutaneous immunization was used to injecting into the original guinea pigs. Besides the above-mentioned immune method, the heat-damp model method was used (feigan diet, hot and humid environment and pathogenic micro-organisms and other complex factors) to establish the polymyositis model with damp-heat syndrome. The general situations, such as the serum muscle enzymes, light microscopy, electron microscopy changes in each group were observed. Results: The results showed that the clinical performance, serum creatase, the pathological changes of skeletal muscle, lungs, liver of guinea pigs in damp-heat group were similar to the human polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome. Conclusion: The model can be used to study the human polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome, and provide the pathogenic and theoretical basis for treating polymyositis by TCM.

AIM： To investigate the different expressions of cell cycle related genes in hyperplastic and hypertrophic vascular smooth muscle cells caused by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) and angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ). METHODS: Rat aorta media smooth muscle cells were cultured. PDGF-BB and AngⅡ were added into serum-free medium at a concentration of 20 μg/L and 10-6 mol/L , respectively. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were harvested after stimulated for 24 hours. The expression of cell cycle related genes was measured by DNA chips(Atlas cDNA Expression Arrays, Clontech Laboratories, Inc.). RESULTS: The expression of cyclin D3 mRNA ，cyclin G1 mRNA，p57 mRNA，p16 mRNA，E2F-3 mRNA and DP2 mRNA were higher in PDGF-BB than those in AngⅡstimulated VSMCs. p15 mRNA，p19 mRNA，E2F-1 mRNA， E2F-5mRNA,and N-myc mRNA were only detected in PDGF-BB stimulated group. But the expression of p53-associated protein mRNA were higher in AngⅡstimulation group. The expression of PCNA mRNA, c-myc binding protein mRNA，p53-dependent cell growth regulater mRNA，cyclinC mRNA, cyclinB1 mRNA, E2F-3mRNA were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The procession of cell cycle relys on the coordination of many regulater molecules expressed in different phases. Our study preliminarily definite the genes that express during PDGF-stimulated VSMC's hyperplasia and Ang II-stimulated VSMC's hypertrophy.

The main clinical symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) are resting tremor, muscle rigidity and bradykinesia. There is currently no effective treatment for PD, and dyskinesia symptoms affect the quality of life of patients with PD. The Chinese medicine therapy used for reinforcing kidney and activating blood circulation in treatment of PD was reported to achieve good clinical effects.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Asian proximal femur intramedullary nail antirotation (PFNA-Ⅱ) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in elderly people.Methods From July 2009 to December 2011,127 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture were treated by PFNA-Ⅱ.They were 49 cases of male and 78 cases of female,with a mean age of (74.3±15) years.127 elderly patients were classified by modified Evans:type Ⅰ (n=37),typeⅡ (n=42),type Ⅲ (n=26),type Ⅳ (n=15),type V (n=7).We made the statistics on the intraoperative bleeding volume,operation time,incision length,X-light exposure times,and made evaluation of the efficacy of postoperative follow-up and complications by the Harris hip score.Results The average operation time was 42.5 min (35-90) min,the average intraoperative bleeding volume was 107.5 ml (65-410)ml,X-light exposure times were (2.5±1.4) times (2-4) times and the average total incision length was (6.5± 1.8) cm (5.5-11.0) cm.No serious complications or original complications were found during perioperative period.All patients received a 6 to 24 month follow-up (mean 12.5 months in average).The X ray examination showed that the average neck shaft angle was (134±13)° (120°-150°).The average fracture healing time was (14.0±2.5) weeks (11 to 19 weeks).The average hip Harris score was (86.5± 19.5) points (65-100 points).Among them,29 cases (22.83％) were excellent,76 cases (59.8％) were good,20 cases (15.7％) were moderate,2 cases (1.6％) were poor.Totally,excellent and good rate was 82.7％.No complications including hip varus deformity,screw cut-out and femoral shaft fractures were found.There were 14 patients (11.0％) with thigh pain and 5 patients (3.9％) with inner thigh pain.The heavier pain in 4 patients were improved by physical therapy.Conclusions Asian PFNA-Ⅱ has advantages including simple operation,fewer complications,and better clinical efficacy for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures,but its longterm efficacy and complications still need a large sample and multi-center observation.

Objective To study the clinicopathological features of C3 glomerulonephritis and the associations between plasma complement fragments level and clinical manifestations.Methods The clinical and pathological data of the 12 patients with C3 glomerulonephritis in our division from January 1999 to June 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Concentrations of plasma factor B,Ba,C3,C3a,C4a and C5a were detected by commercial available sandwich ELISA kits on the day of renal biopsy.Results Ten of the 12 patients were C3 glomerulonephritis without MPGN,and the rest 2 were C3 glomerulonephritis with MPGN.All the patients presented proteinuria.Two of the 10 C3 glomerulonephritis patients without MPGN presented nephrotic range proteinuria,6 with microhematuria,1 with gross hematuria,and 2 with renal insufficiency.One of the 2 C3 glomerulonephritis patients with MPGN presented nephrotic range proteinuria,accompanied by microhematuria,hypertension and renal insufficiency.The other patient showed moderate proteinuria with normal renal function.Most of C3 glomerulonephritis patients without MPGN showed mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis,and 4/10 patients had various degree cresentic formation.One C3 glomerulonephritis patient with MPGN had 47.1％ cresentic formation.The concentration of plasma C3 in C3 glomerulonephritis patients was normal,while the plasma factor B was significantly decreased,and the concentrations of plasma Ba,C3a,C4a and C5a were significantly elevated.The concentration of plasma Ba was positively correlated with the proteinuria level,while the concentrations of plasma C3a,C4a and C5a were not correlated with the levels of proteinuria or plasma creatinine.Conclusions Majority of these 12 patients were C3 glomerulonephritis without MPGN,manifests as nephritic syndrome clinically and mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis histopathologically.Complement activation via alternative pathway may play an important role in the pathogenesis of C3 glomerulonephritis.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Doppler flow waveform of ductus venosus (DV) in screening of fetal cardiac malformation.Methods Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to study DV flow in 240 normal fetuses and 20 fetuses with cardiac malformation that were screened out from the high-risk fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD).Results ① The normal Doppler flow waveform of the DV was a characteristic triphasic pattern with forward flow during cardiac cycle,reflecting ventricular systole (S),ventricular diastole (D) and atrial systole (A).② In the group of 20 fetuses with cardiac malformation,eight had reverse flow and nine had decreased or absent flow during atrial contraction,the indices of the DV in fetuses with cardiac malformation were higher than those in gestational age-matched normal fetuses ( P

280r/40min). So the PD model was regarded eligible. In the site of lesion in SN, the number and volume of dobaminergic neurons were decreased, and the tissue structure of SN became indistinct, the levels of dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylaceticacid (DOPAC), homovanillicacid (HVA) 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid (5-HIAA) were more conspicuously reduced than that in uninjured side. TH-immunoreactive cells of substantia nigra compact part were lessened obviously on injured side. The abnormal rotatory behavior of PD rats did not spontaneously disappear during 10 months of continuous observation. Conclusion The PD rat model, which is reproduced by injecting 6-OHDA to selectively destroy dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of rat, is stable and reliable, and demonstrated similar primary pathological changes of PD.

AIM: To investigate the different expressions of cell cycle related genes in hyperplastic and hypertrophic vascular smooth muscle cells caused by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) and angiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ). METHODS: Rat aorta media smooth muscle cells were cultured. PDGF-BB and AngⅡ were added into serum-free medium at a concentration of 20 ?g/L and 10 -6 mol/L , respectively. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were harvested after stimulated for 24 hours. The expression of cell cycle related genes was measured by DNA chips(Atlas cDNA Expression Arrays, Clontech Laboratories, Inc.). RESULTS: The expression of cyclin D3 mRNA ,cyclin G1 mRNA,p57 mRNA,p16 mRNA,E2F-3 mRNA and DP2 mRNA were higher in PDGF-BB than those in AngⅡstimulated VSMCs. p15 mRNA,p19 mRNA,E2F-1 mRNA, E2F-5mRNA,and N-myc mRNA were only detected in PDGF-BB stimulated group. But the expression of p53-associated protein mRNA were higher in AngⅡstimulation group. The expression of PCNA mRNA, c-myc binding protein mRNA,p53-dependent cell growth regulater mRNA,cyclinC mRNA, cyclinB1 mRNA, E2F-3mRNA were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: The procession of cell cycle relys on the coordination of many regulater molecules expressed in different phases. Our study preliminarily definite the genes that express during PDGF-stimulated VSMC's hyperplasia and Ang II-stimulated VSMC's hypertrophy. [

Objective To determine the prevalence of autoantibodies against glomerular basement membrane(GBM) in sera of Chinese patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis(RPGN)and to evaluate their clinical relevance. Methods Serum anti-GBM antibodies were detected in 29 RPGN patients by enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA)using collagenase solublized human GBM as solid phase ligand. Positive sera were also oonfirmed by Western blot analysis. Results Of the 29 RPGN patients, 5(17%)were positive for anti-GBM autoantibodies. One positive for both anti-GBM autoantibody and ANCA. On Western blot analysis. 23 000～27 000 and 40 000～54 000 polypeptides could be blotted. On direct immunofluoresence there were granular deposits of immunocomplex in capillary loops in three of four. Conclusions The prevalence of anti-GBM antibody mediated RPGN is not rare in China. Using ELISA to detect circulating anti-GBM autoantibodies had been proved to be a more specific and sensitive methods. It is important to detect circulating anti-GBM autoantibodies early for patients with RPGN in order to save time for appropriate therapy.