C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) shows remarkable sequence homology to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) within the 17-residue ring portion formed by a pair of cysteine residues and being the third member of the natriuretic peptide family. Sequence analysis reveals that there are at least two exons in the coding region for preproCNP. Mature forms of CNP in body are CNP22 and its N-termi-nally elongated form CNP53. As an agonist, CNP selectively bind to natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) which has a single member-spanning helical domain and exert its biological effects by activating its C-teminal guanylate cyclase to catalyse formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). CNP can also bind to natriuretic peptidereceptor C (NPR-C) which has high binding affinities for all of the natriuretic peptides. The synthesis and release of CNP are regulated by many cy-tokines, and CNP is metabolized by two main pathways : internalization and degradation through the binding with NPR-C or hydrolysis by neutral endopeptidase. CNP and its receptor distribute widespreadly in various tissues including vessels, blood and central neural systems, and produce effects of vasodilation, antianxiely effect and regulations of cell proliferation and endocrine.

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical effect and security of Reparil Gel on osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods60 patients were randomly divided into Reparil Gel group and Fenbid group, who applied Reparil Gel or take Fenbid orally respectively. Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to assess patients' pain, joint stiffness and disability of knee on 0 week, 2 week, 6 week after treatment. The side effect was observed.ResultsBoth group showed good clinic effect on 2 weeks (P<0.05)and 6 weeks (P<0.001)after treatment. Significant difference between two group was found 2 weeks after treatment, but there was no difference 6 weeks after. There was no side effect had been observed in Reparil Gel group, while stomachache, nausea or anorexia had been found in 4 case of Fenbid group 2 weeks after, and 8 case of Fenbid group 6 weeks after.ConclusionReparil Gel are same effective as Fenbid, but less side effect happened.

Objective:To explore an effects of experimental design of pharmacology and course knowledge of medical students on integrating teaching method.Methods:All of medical student of the same grade was randomly divided into three groups,namely the control group(N=207),experimental group A(N=219) and B(N=239),the former was arbitrarily developed,the latter were respectively directed by ideology and integrating teaching,after that,the experimental design of pharmacology and course knowledge were analyzed by comparison.Results:The experimental group B was superior to the experimental group A and control group on the effects of experimental design of pharmacology and course knowledge of medical students(P

Objective:To explore the effect of holding a spiny massaging ball intervention in intraoperative management of patients′ pain and anxiety during Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy under local anesthesia.Methods:90 cases of patients undergoing PTED with local anesthesia in our hospital were recruited and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group squeezed a spiny massaging ball during the surgery, and the control group only received routine care. The patients′ pain degree, anxiety degree, satisfaction and Heart rate, blood pressure were measured.Results:The scores of intraoperative pain, anxiety in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group( t=7.858 and 2.260, P<0.05). There were no obvious change in satisfaction( P>0.05). The changes of heart rate and blood pressure in the experimental group were small, compared with the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The intervention of holding a spiny massaging ball can effectively alleviate patients′ pain and anxiety during PTED under local anesthesia, stable patients′ heart rate, blood pressure changes, improve surgical comfort and safety.

Objective To observe IL-2 and IL-6 changes in the breast tumor Bcap-37 cells reated by hematoporphyrin nonomethyl ether mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT).Methods Cells in logarithmic growth phase were collected among breast cancer cells cultured in conventional methods.According to blank control group or the experimental group (laser irradiation group,photosensitive agent group and HMME-PDT group),PDT in addition to HMME and HMME-PDT were conducted.The changes of IL-2,IL-6 were detected by radioimmunoassay.Results After HMME-PDT,IL-2 was increased as time passed.After 12,24 and 48 h,compared with IL-2 level in the control group,in laser irradiation group or photosensitive agent group,the levels of IL-2 in HMME-PDT group was significantly differences (P ＜ 0.05).But IL-6 levels decreased.The most obvious changes of IL-6 levels happened at 12h and 24h.There was significant differences between IL-6 in HMME-PDT group with the control group,laser irradiation group or photosensitive agent group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion HMME-PDT maybe have destruction effect by altering IL-2,IL-6 activity on breast tumor cells,which provides objective indicators for clinical patients to regulate immune function and auxiliary diagnosis.

Objective To compare the homogeneity and conformity of dose distribution in the target and the dose to the organs at risk among 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT), intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and simplified intensity modulated radiation therapy (sIMRT), and then to evaluate the clinical value of sIMRT for cervical cancer. Methods Ten patients with cervical canc-er receiving radical radiotherapy and brachytherapy were enrolled. Before radiotherapy, CT was performed and target volumes were delineated. The clinical target volume (CTV) included supravaginal portion, cervi-cal stump, paracervical tissue, common iliac lymph nodes, internal and external iliac lymph nodes, obtura-tor lymph nodes, sacral lymph nodes, and the surrounding tissues. If the vagina was involved, the target vol-ume included the whole vagina. Margins between planning target volume (PTV) and CTV were 10 mm in the anterior direction, and 5 mm in other directions. The prescribed dose was 95% PTV receiving 45 Gy in 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy. The dose volume histogram, conformity index, homogeneity index and treatment time per faction were compared. Results Among the three radiotherapy techniques, 3DCRT had the best homo-geneity of dose distribution, while there was no significant difference between IMRT and slMRT. According to the conformity of dose distribution, sIMRT was better than 3DCRT, but worse than IMRT. Comparing the bladder sparing, IMRT was the best followed by sIMRT. The volume of the small intestine receiving high dose was increased significantly with slMRT when compared with IMRT. And the treatment time per faction was4, 10 and 18 minutes for3 DCRT, sIMRT and IMRT, respectively. Conclusions sIMRT could re-duce the work intensity of the staff, shorten the treatment time per fraction, and simplify the authenticate procedure, which is cost-effective and suitable in the treatment of cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral nerve injuries are hoped to promote the regeneration of nerve repair by elevating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration in local injury regions. OBJECTIVE: To observe the recanalization of nerve fiber and motor function in sciatic nerve injury rats following BDNF gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized, controlled animal study was performed at the Fujian Institute of Neurology from May 2007 to May 2008. MATERIALS: Femur and tibia of F344 male rats aged 2 months were sterilely harvested to prepare BMSCs. BDNF gene-modified BMSCs were prepared using constructed chronic viral vector PNL-BDNF-IRES2-EGFP. METHODS: The right sciatic nerve injury models were made using 60 adult Sprague Dawley rats. All models were randomly assigned into phosphate buffer saline (PBS) group, BMSC group and BDNF gene-modified BMSC group. 2 ?L BPS, 2 ?L BMSC solution and 2 ?L BDNF modified BMSC solution were separately transfered into injury site of each group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The retrograde horseradish peroxidase tracing was practiced to observe neural cell number in the Lumbar 4 and 5 spinal cord anterior horn at 2 and 4 weeks after microinjection. Sciatic nerve function index was used to observe rat motor function of injured limbs. Fluorescence excitation and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect BMSC survival and BDNF expression. RESULTS: Cell number was more, and nerve function recovery was better in the Lumbar 4 and 5 spinal cord anterior horn in the BDNF gene-modified BMSC group than in the PBS and BMSC groups. BMSC survival was found in the injured sites in the BMSC and BDNF gene-modified BMSC groups. BDNF expression was significantly more in the BDNF gene-modified BMSC group than in the BMSC group. CONCLUSION: BDNF gene-modified BMSCs have promotion effects on the recanalization and functional recovery of nerve fiber following peripheral nerve injury.

AIM:To establish the analytical method for the fingerprint of Radix Pseudostellariae by HPLC-MS and to estimate the quality of Radix Pseudostellariae from different habitats. METHODS: Radix Pseudostellariae from different habitats were analyzed and the total ion current(TIC) chromatographic fingerprint were determined by HPLC-MS.Some characteristic peaks were identified preliminarily based on the MS spectra and literature data. RESULTS: HPLC-MS fingerprint of 10 main peaks was established preliminarily.It was found that a small number of samples differed from others obviously. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable,accurate and can be used for quality control of Radix Pseudostellariae.

To study the bioequivalence of a kind of progesterone sustained release suppository, a randomized cross-over study was conducted in 12 rabbits. A single rectal dose of 2.75 mg/kg progesterone sustained released suppository (tested formulation, T) and progesterone suppository (reference formulation, R) was administered; a multiple dose of 2.75 mg/kg was given up to seven times with an interval of 8 h. Concentrations in serum were determined by a competitive enzyme immunoassay. The main parameters of T were: for single and multiple doses, Cmax was 48.8 +/- 11.8 ng/mL and 43.5 +/- 9.4 ng/mL, Tmax was 0.5 +/- 0.3 h and 0.4 +/- 0.3 h, AUC(0-24 h) was 362.4 +/- 143 ng x h x mL(-1) and 310.6 +/- 70.3 ng x h x mL(-1), respectively. The relative bioavailability of T to R were (104.2 +/- 13.4)% and (111.4 +/- 19.1)%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the two formulations were bioequivalent and T had sustained released feature.
Administration, Rectal ; Biological Availability ; Cross-Over Studies ; Progesterone/administration & dosage ; Progesterone/*pharmacokinetics ; Random Allocation ; Suppositories

Healthy granulation tissue played an important role in the wound healing process. However, some factors which interfered the process would result in unhealthy granulation tissue. Unhealthy granulation tissue may affect wound repairing. This article would focus on the concept, mechanisms, interventions of unhealthy granulation tissue.