Objective: It was reported that major subclasses of anti-golmerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody were IgG1 and IgG4. The IgG1 subclass was mainly found in male patients and IgG4 subclass in female patients with anti-GBM disease. This study investigates the distribution of anti-GBM IgG subclasses and their association with clinical characteristics. Methods: Sera from 50 patients diagnosed as anti-GBM disease during 1991-2003 were collected. The anti-GBM antibodies with IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 subclasses were detected with purified bovine ?(IV)NC1 as solid phase ligand in ELISA. The association with clinical manifestations was further investigated. Results: The positive rates of IgG anti-GBM subclasses were IgG1 94%, IgG2 56%, IgG3 12%, IgG4 88%, respectively. IgG1 and IgG4 were the main subclasses in anti-GBM IgG subclasses (P

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of measurement of urinary leukotrience E4(LTE4) in patients with asthma.Methods Urinary leukotriene E4 in 28 patients with asthma who experienced acute attack period and asymptomatic period and 18 controls was measured by ACETM competitive enzyme immunoassay and expressed as pg/mg creatinine.In addition,forced expiratory volume in one second was investigated in the patient in acute attack period.Results Urinary LTE4 in acute attack period was significantly higher than that in asymptomatic period(P

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT-CT image fusion technology for diagnosing breast tumor and detecting axiiiary lymph node metastasis. Methods 99Tcm-MiBI breast and axillary lymph node planar and SPECT-CT imaging in 80 female breast tumor patients were done. All patients had pathological examination results after surgery as control. Results SPECT-CT fusion images sensitivity for breast cancer diagnosis, specificity and accuracy rates were 88.2 % (45/51), 93.1% (26/29) and 90 % (71/80). Planar imaging sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rate were 82.4 % (42/51), 79.3 %(23/29) and 81.3 %(65/80). SPECT-CT fusion images were higher than planar imaging (P <0.05). SPECT-CT fusion images sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for detecting axillary lymph node metastasis were 81.8 %(18/22), 89.7 % (26/29) and 86.3 % (44/51). Planar imaging sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 77.2 % (17/22), 86.2 % (25/29) and 82.4 %(42/51). There was no significant difference between them (P0.05). Conclusion SPECT-CT image fusion technology in the diagnosis of breast cancer is better than planar imaging. SPECT-CT image fusion in detecting axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer is similar to planar imaging.

Objective To investigate the aberrant methylation and expression of growth arrest and DNA-damage-in-ducible 45 gamma (GADD45G) gene in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Methods Bisulfite conversion-methylation specific polymerase chain reaction method (BS-MSP) and immunohistochemistry method were used respectively to detect the methylation status and protein expression of GADD45G in 138 GCA tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissues. Re-sults The methylation status of GADD45G distal promoter (region 1) was not detected in GCA tumor tissues and corre-sponding normal tissues. For GADD45G region 2 and region 3, the BS-MSP results of region 3 were identical to that of re-gion 2. The methylation frequency of proximal promoter and exon 1 in GADD45G island 2 (region 2 and region 3) in GCA tu-mor tissues (49.3%, 68/138) was significantly increased compared to that in corresponding normal tissues (0, P＜0.01). The methylation status of this two sites in tumor tissues was associated with TNM stage of tumors (P＜0.05). The protein expres-sion of GADD45G in tumor tissues was significantly decreased than that in corresponding normal tissues (P ＜ 0.05),and threre was a significant negative correlation with methylation status of GADD45G proximal promoter and exon 1 (rs=-0.398). Conclusion The decreased expression of GADD45G by hypermethylation of proximal promoter exon 1 of the gene may play an important role in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and pathological features of patients with anti-glomerular basement membrane(GBM) disease lacking linear IgG deposition along GBM on renal biopsy.Method Ninety-three patients with anti-GBM disease were collected in our hospital from 1991 to 2008,with 40 patients presenting negative linear IgG deposition along GBM on renal biopsy by direct immunofluorescence(group A) and 53 patients presenting classical linear IgG deposition along GBM(group B).The clinical manifestation,pathological presentation and prognosis were compared between two groups.Results Between two groups,there were no significant differences in gender,age,hemoptysis,oliguria or anuria,gross hematuria,proteinuria,anemia,ANCA positivity,level of circulating anti-GBM antibodies,the percentage of crescent formation in glomeruli and patient outcomes(P＞0.05).Patients in group A were diagnosed significantly later than patients in group B(68 d vs 36 d,P=0.013) and serum creatinine was significantly lower at diagnosis(716.0 μmol/L vs 896.8 μmol/L,P=0.027).Direct immunofluorescence was performed on the paraffin-embedded renal sections from four patients in group A,and all of them revealed positive linear IgG deposition along GBM.Conclusions Patients with circulating anti-GBM antibodies but withont IgG deposition along GBM present slower progress of renal injury,but same clinical,pathological and prognostic features as those with classical anti-GBM disease.Serum anti-GBM antibodies should be prescribed earlier to the suspected patients,and the diagnosed patients should be treated with plasmapheresis and extensive immunosuppression to improve prognosis.

Objective To investigate the environmental impact of the Japanese Fukushima No.1 nuclear power plant accident on radiation levels in some areas of Liaoning province.Methods The emergent monitoring was performed by detecting atmosphere aerosols,precipitations,drinking water,vegetables,milk and seafood by gamma spectrometry analysis and gross activity measurements.Results The fission radionuclides of 131I,134Cs and 137Cs were detected in atmosphere aerosols 20 d after nuclear accident.The rad ionuclides of 131I,134Cs and 137Cs were found existing in atmosphere for 25,4 and 6 d,respectively,with the highest concentrations of 4.6 × 10 3,2.9 × 10-4 and 4.2 × 10-4 Bq/m3,respectively.The man-made fission radionuclides could not be detected in vegetablcs,drinking water and milk from Shenyang city and seafood from Dandong city.Conclusions The atmosphere might be slightly contaminated in Liaoning province due to the nuclear accident,whereas the vegetables,milk and drinking water not contaminated.

To obtain the immunized mouse spleen cells, we immnnized the female BALB/C mice I.P. with schizonts or merozoites of the cultured blood forms of Plasmodium falciparum. The immunized spleen cells were fused with the SP2/0 myeloma cells, by which we obtained two strains of hybridoma secreting monoclonal antibodies against human Plasmodium falciparum. Using indirect immunofluorescence assay, we identified that the antibodies reacted only with the surface membrane antigens of the schizonts. These hybridomas were cultured continuously in vitro for over ten months and stably produced antibodies-IgG. The two hybridoma cell lines were designated as AEB2 and AGA4, and the number of their chromosomes was 98 and 100 respectively. The hybridoma cells were injected I. P. into the paraffin oil treated BALB/C mice to obtain the hybridoma ascitic fluid containing monoclonal antibodies. The ascitic fluid inhibited the growth of P. falciparum in vitro up to 89%. The inhibition test showed that antibodies were protective.

Objective To review the outcomes of atrioventricular valve replacement in patients with functional single ventricle and evaluate risk factors for mortality.Methods Retrospectively reviewed our experience with atrioventricular valve (AVV replacement) in patients with functional single ventricle from January 2008 to December 2014.Outcome included mortality and valve-related complications.Results Thirteen patients required AVV replacement.Prosthetic valve type was St.Jude bileaflet mechanical mitral valve.Valve size ranged from 27 to 31 mm,including 27 mm in 2,29 mm in 7,and 31 mm in 4 patients.Median age at valve replacement was 4.5 years(range:1.2 years to 18.0 years).Concomitant procedures included bidirectional Glenn shunt in 3,pulmonary artery banding in 1,and repair of pulmonary vein stenosis in 1 patient.There were four early deaths with a perioperative mortality of 30.8％.Complications after AAV replacement included complete atrioventricuiar block in 1,intracerebral hemorrhage in 1 patient due to valve-related anticoagulation.No patient had perivalvular leakage.There was one late death during a mean follow-up of 3 years (range:0.5-5.0 years).Five-year Kaplan-Meier survival was 61.5％.Fisher exact probability test showed that lower weight(＜ 10 kg) at operation and prosthetic size/weight ratio ＞ 2.0 were risk factors for overall mortality.Of the survival patients,functional status is NYHA class Ⅰ in 3,class Ⅱ in 5.No patient developed valve-related complications.Conclusion Atrioventricular valve replacement can be performed in patients with functional single ventricle with acceptable mortality.Lower weight and increased prosthetic size/weight ratio at operation were significantly associated with worse survival.

Objective To assess the value of nuchal translu-cency in combination with non-invasive prenatal DNA test in fetal with chromosomal disease. Methods A total of 713 cases with single pregnancies, with 11 ~ 14 gestational weeks, were enrolled in this study. We measured the thickness of nuchal translu-cency, If the thickness was abnomal, the pregnant women would receive the non-invasive prenatal DNA test on voluntary basis and were followed up. Results There were 27 cases with abnormal NT among 713 cases. Twenty-one cases received non-invasive prenatal DNA test , the test results showed that 3 cases were trisomy 21 , 1 cases was trisomy 18. Among the 17 cases with normal chromosome karyotype, 6 cases were found abnomal during the follw-up. Two cases were found abnomal among the 6 cases undergo the non-invasive prenatal DNA test.The thickness of NT, ranging from 3.7 mm to 4.4 mm, was trisomy 21, with the average of 4.0 mm, and the thickness of NT was 5.0mm and was trisomy 18. Conclusions The application of nuchal translu-cency in combination with non-invasive prenatal DNA test could improve the ability to find fetal chromosomal disease and to decrease the birth defect.

Objective To systematically analyze and assess the overall value of transrectal shear wave elastograpy in diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) using Meta-analysis.Methods Relevant Chinese and foreign papers diagnosing PCa with transrectal shear wave elastograpy published before December 2016 were searched.The references were evaluated and screened according to the criteria of diagnostic research.The selected references were analyzed by Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 statistical software.Results Eight articles were included in the present Meta-analysis.Five of these literatures were about transrectal shear wave elastograpy in diagnosis of PCa,the summarized sensitivity (SEN) and summarized specificity (SPE) in diagnosis of PCa were 0.80 (95％CI [0.75,0.84]) and 0.75 (95％CI [0.71,0.79]),respectively;the positive likelihood ratios (PLR) and negative likelihood ratios (NLR) were 3.60 (95 ％ CI [2.57,5.05]) and 0.17 (95 ％ CI[0.08,0.37]),respectively;the area under SROC curves was 0.895.Five of these literatures were about transrectal shear wave elastograpy supplemental prostatic biopsy in diagnosis of PCa,the summarized SEN and SPE were 0.86 (95％ CI [0.83,0.88]) and 0.84 (95％CI [0.82,0.85]) respectively;the PLR and NLR were 5.81 (95％CI [3.07,10.99]) and 0.14 (95％CI [0.04,0.49]) respectively;the area under SROC curves were 0.924.Conclusion Transrectal shear wave elastograpy has better clinical value in detection of PCa and can be used to supplemental prostatic biopsy.