Oral anticoagulants are important for preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.Compared with the traditional oral anticoagulant warfarin,the novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have the characteristics of high efficiency,safety,and no need to monitor coagulation function.However,current clinical reports have showed that the dose is usually low when NOACs were used for preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.Its main reason may be associated with the risk avoidance and the difference in doctor and patient preferences.The analysis from the aspects of safety and effectiveness,the risk of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism is lower when the dose of NOACs is relatively high,and the risk of hemorrhage is lower when the dose of NOACs is relatively lower.Given the differences between the incidences of different events,the disability rate and the mortality rate,the patient with atrial fibrillation are more suitable for using high-dose drug.When choosing a specific dose,taking into account the specificity,the appropriate dose,intensity,and dosing regimen should be given according to the guideline recommendations,appropriate reference to renal function and patient preferences,and individual differences in order to obtain the best clinical efficacy..

Transcriptomics studies the variety, structure, function and regulation of all transcripts in a given cell and in a given time. It provides a novel procedure for revealing the molecular mechanism and regulatory network of different development stages of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The progress of isolation, identification and function study of tumor susceptibility/suppressor gene, gene transcription profiling and transcription regulatory networks have been introduced.

LRRC4, a novel member of LRR (leucine-rich repeat) superfamily, is cloned by expressed sequence tag (EST)-mediated positional cloning strategy combined with 5′-RACE technology. Normal expression of LRRC4 is highly specific for brain, whereas absent or significantly down-regulated in primary tumors including glioma, meningioma and pituitary adenoma. LRRC4 is a functional gene in neural development and axon growth, and associated with glioma grade progression. LRRC4 expression is gradually reduced, even absent accompany with glioma grade increase. Absent expression of LRRC4 is involved in the late event of malignant glioma progression.The reexpression of LRRC4 can decrease a series of growth factors/neurotrophic factors (IGF, EGF, PDGF, CNTF, bFGF,GDNF and BDNF) or receptors gene expression to regulate RTK-mediated many signaling transduction pathway, such as K-Ras/c-Raf/ERK/MAPK, PI-3K/AKT/NF-?B, p70S6/PKC, STAT3 and JNK2/c-Jun/mp53, which block U251 cells in late phase of G1 to inhibit glioma cells proliferation and invasion. This inhibitory effect of LRRC4 is dependent on its LRR domain. LRRC4 induces glioma cells to differentiate into astrocyte-like cells more than apoptosis.

Objective To study the effects of ultraviolet(UV)radiation disinfection on purified wecter in water dis-penser.Methods The original structure of water dispenser was modified by installing additional UV lamps.The water samples were collected from the tap of the newly modified water dispenser simulated the practical status of water supply in indoor environment under the different conditions including different intensities of UV lamps and water flow rates.The total counts of bacteria of water samples were determined based on the Sanitary Standard for Bottled Purified Drinking water(GB17324-1998).Results The total counts of bacteria of water samples collected from the tap of the newly mod-ified water dispenser were below20cfu/ml,which was lower than those of control water sample(P

[Objective] To study the effect on the growth of mouse Lewis lung carcinoma and on the expression of VEGF in tumor tissue.[Methods] C57BL/6 mice were inoculated the Lewis lung carcinoma cell at right armpit and divided into groups.Different groups were administered by MAALC(low,normal and high dose),CTX or saline.After 15 days,all mice were put to death to detach the tumors then weighed them.After that,we treated tumor tissue with VEGF immunohistochemistry stain,detected the integral optical density of VEGF expression with image analytical technique.[Results] Compared with model group,the average weight and VEGF expression level of the tumors of the high dose group were less and statistically significant(P

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula (BSF). Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types (A and B) of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7(87.5%) of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple,safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. (J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16: 253-257)[ Key words ] Fistula, pulmonary; Bronchialpleural fistula; Stents and prostheses; Computed tomography

Aim To investigate JAKs/STATs signal transduction change in HL-60 cells differentiation induced by diallyl disulfide(DADS)and molecular mechanism regulating the differentiation.Methods After incubation of HL-60 cells with DADS or AG490(50 ?mol?L -1),the cell differentiation indexes were observed by cytomorphology, NBT reduction ability assay,cell myeloid differentiation antigen CD11b by flow cytometry. Kinase activity of JAKs/STATs was tested by western-blotting and expressions of nucleus transcription genes stats,c-myc,c-fos,c-jun were detected by immumocyte chemistry method.Results Cell differentiation index changes indicated that HL-60 cells were induced differentiation toward granulocytic lineage by DADS, Western blot test demonstrated that constitive phosphorylation of Jak1,stat3 kinase was suppressed. Stat3,c-myc gene expression decreased and c-fos, c-jun gene expression increased in HL-60 cells treated with DADS through immunocyte chemistry.Conclusion Inhibition of phosphative Jak1, Stat3 was involved in HL-60 cells differentiation induced by DADS, its molecular mechanism might be related to modulation of gene expression associated proliferation and differentiation,and inhibition of DNA systhesis, induction differentiation.