Sepsis is an inflammatory disorder syndrome caused by the infection of pathogenic microorganisms, which organ dysfunction due to the dysregulated response of the body to the infection. Sepsis is a dangerous disease with a high fatality rate. The liver, an important organ involved in human biological transformation, energy metabolism, and cytokine production. Its role in sepsis is like a "double-edged sword" because the liver acts as not only an important defense line of the body against microorganisms but also a common target of inflammatory disorders and damage, making it one of the most vulnerable organs in sepsis. The liver contributes to pathogen clearance through immune responses, but the resulting inflammatory reactions can also lead to tissue and organ damage. Sepsis liver injury is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in sepsis patients, and preventing its occurrence and promoting early recovery can partially inhibit disease progression and reduce mortality rates. However, the pathogenesis of sepsis liver injury is not yet fully understood, and there is a lack of early and effective means of diagnosis and treatment. In-depth research on its pathogenesis will provide a better understanding of its occurrence and development, further supporting the theoretical basis for the treatment of sepsis liver injury and identifying some new targets for sepsis treatment, ultimately reducing the mortality of sepsis.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV)genotype 6 in Guangxi area.Methods Serum samples were collected from 150 patients with serologic HCV RNA positive in Guangxi, China. Reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)was employed to amplify HCV NS5B fragments and the DNA products were sequenced.The sequences obtained were compared with the sequences deposited in GenBank to construct a phylogenetic tree.Among the patients who accomplished 48-week treatment of interferon plus ribavirin and 24-week follow-up after stopping medication,10 cases were infected with genotype 6a and 28 cases with genotype 1 HCV.The virological responses were evaluated at week 4,week 12,week 24 of treatment and week 24 after the end of the treatment.Results Among all recruited 150 cases,21 (14.0%)cases were HCV genotype 6 including two subtypes 6a (n = 20 )and 6d (n = 1 ). Genotype 6 HCV mainly affected intravenous drug users, especially with age of ≤ 40 years old. Phylogenetic tree showed that there was very close evolutionary distance between HCV 6 strains of Guangxi and Hongkong,China strains (Y12083,DQ 480515)and Vietnam strain (EU246930).All of 10 HCV genotype 6a patients who completed 48 weeks of antiviral therapy achieved sustained virological response (SVR).The rate of SVR was higher than that of genotype 1 patients,but without statistically different significance (10/10 vs 75 .0%,P >0.05).Conclusion HCV genotype 6 in Guangxi area mainly affects young intravenous drug users with age of ≤ 40 years old,which has high homology with Hongkong,China and Vietnam standard strains.Patients with HCV 6 genotype infection treated with interferon plus ribavirin for 48 weeks usually achieve favorable SVR.

Objective To investigate early changes of angiopoietin-2(Ang-2)in multiple trauma patients and assess its clinical significance.Methods Forty-five multiple trauma patients aged 2060 years admitted to the hospital within one hour after injury were randomly divided into three groups according to injury severity score(ISS).Blood specimens were obtained immediately upon arrival in the emergency department and plasma samples were assayed for comparing changes of Ang-2,TNF-a and IL-6.Meanwhile,plasma level of Ang-2 was measured and analyzed under different oxygenation index,shock index and base deficit.Results Plasma level of Ang-2 was positively correlated with ISS(P ＜ 0.01)and was concordant with the plasma levels of TNF-a and IL-6(P＜0.01).Furthermore,plasma level of Ang-2 was elevated upon increase of shock index or decrease of oxygenation index(P ＜ 0.01).Plasma level of Ang-2 was elevated with the increase of base deficit(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions High level of Ang-2 is a marker of endothelial activation and dysfunction early after trauma.Ang-2 is related tightly with the injury severity,inflammation factors,systemic oxygenation and tissue hypoperfusion and may have a tight relation with pathophysiological development and clinical outcome after trauma.

Aim To investigate JAKs/STATs signal transduction change in HL-60 cells differentiation induced by diallyl disulfide(DADS)and molecular mechanism regulating the differentiation.Methods After incubation of HL-60 cells with DADS or AG490(50 ?mol?L -1),the cell differentiation indexes were observed by cytomorphology, NBT reduction ability assay,cell myeloid differentiation antigen CD11b by flow cytometry. Kinase activity of JAKs/STATs was tested by western-blotting and expressions of nucleus transcription genes stats,c-myc,c-fos,c-jun were detected by immumocyte chemistry method.Results Cell differentiation index changes indicated that HL-60 cells were induced differentiation toward granulocytic lineage by DADS, Western blot test demonstrated that constitive phosphorylation of Jak1,stat3 kinase was suppressed. Stat3,c-myc gene expression decreased and c-fos, c-jun gene expression increased in HL-60 cells treated with DADS through immunocyte chemistry.Conclusion Inhibition of phosphative Jak1, Stat3 was involved in HL-60 cells differentiation induced by DADS, its molecular mechanism might be related to modulation of gene expression associated proliferation and differentiation,and inhibition of DNA systhesis, induction differentiation.

AIM To investigate the proliferation inhibition and inducing differentiation effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on human acute myeloid cell line HL 60. METHODS Inhibition of HL 60 cell proliferation was shown by MTT assay; cell differentiation was determined by morphologic observation,the ability of NBT reduction activity and flow cytometric detection. RESULTS DADS has significant anti proliferative effect on HL 60 cells in a concentration dependent manner. The reduction ability of NBT and cell surface differentiation antigens CD11b had significantly increased( P

Objective To investigate the expression and resistant gene of integron in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-Ab).Methods 51 strains of MDR-Ab isolated from a hospital in August-October 2012 were collected, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed.Class I(Int I),II (Int II)and III (Int III)of integrase genes and inte-gron variable region gene cassettes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and the homology of integron varia-ble region was analyzed by detection results of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)and DNA sequencing. Results Positive rate of integrase gene in MDR-Ab was 78.43%(40/51).All genes belonged to Int I,while IntⅡand IntⅢ were not found.Variable region cassettes were detected in 97.50% (n=39)of Int I,there were 5 types of integron gene cassettes:aacA4 in 14 strains,aacA4+catB8 in 22 strains,arr-3 +aacA4 in 1 strain,dfrA15 in 1 strain and arr-3 in 1 strain.Conclusion MDR-Ab isolated from this hospital may be related with Int I expression.Int I carried gene cassettes as follows:aacA4,aacA4+catB8,arr-3+aacA4,dfrA15 and arr-3.

Objective To investigate the application of the central venous catheter (CVC) specialized for drainage intervention in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients.Methods Sixty-two severe acute pancreatitis patients with seroperitoneum were randomly (random number) assigned into two groups:the drainage group (n =31) and the control group (n =31).All patients were treated with conventional internal medicine therapy.Patients of drainage group were treated with continuous peritoneal drainage by using the central venous catheter.The intra-abdominal pressure (IAP),lactic acid (LAC),and procalcitonin (PCT) were detected before and 12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h,5 days after intraperitoneal drainage.The symptoms of abdomen pain,abdomen distention,resume of bowel movement and the rate of MODS were observed.Results All patients with drainage got catheter successfully inserted.Compared with the control group,the IAP,LAC and PCT decreased significantly in the patients of drainage group.And the duration of abdomen pain,abdomen distention and resume of bowel movement function in the drainage group were shorter and the rate of MODS was lower.Conclusions Application of CVC specialized for intraperitoneal drainage is a safe and effective method for the treatment of pancreatitis with seroperitoneum.It is worthwhile to be widely used in clinic.

Objective To observe the clinical therapeutic effects of neuromuscular electric stimulation (NMES) on patients with swallowing disorders after stroke and to assess the value of surface electromyography (sEMG).Methods Forty stroke survivors with swallowing disorders were divided into a treatment group (20 cases) and a control group (20 cases) using a random number table.All of the patients were given routine medication and conventional swallowing training lasting 2 weeks,on the basis of which the patients in the treatment group were also given electrical stimulation.The seriousness of their swallowing disorders was evaluated and surface electromyographs were recorded for both groups before and after the 2 weeks of treatment.Results After treatment,the average dysphagia rating in the treatment group was significantly higher than before treatment,and significantly higher than that of the control group.sEMG of the suprahyoid muscles showed that the swallowing duration of both groups had significantly improved,but the values of the treatment group were significantly better than those of the control group.Conclusions NMES plus conventional swallowing training can significantly improve swallowing function for patients with swallowing disorders after stroke.sEMG can be regarded as an effective method for assessing swallowing disorders.