BACKGROUND:Clinical treatment for elderly patients with distal humeral fractures includes conservative treatment, abduction, and open reduction and internal fixation. The methods for open reduction and internal fixation are various, and the effects are not unified, which brings great difficulties for clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE:To explore therapeutic effects and influential factors for open reduction and AO plastic double plate fixation for treating senile distal humeral fracture so as to provide the best treatment mode. METHODS:114 patients with senile distal humeral fracture, who received open reduction and internal fixation in the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine from June 2009 to June 2013, were enroled in this study. AO plastic double plate fixation was used. Self-designed questionnaire was utilized to investigate elbow recovery effect and influential factors. The possible influential factors were analyzed by chi square test and multiple Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among 114 patients, elbow joint function recovery was excelent in 85 cases and the excelent and good rate was 75%. Single factor analysis showed that significant differences were detected in different fracture types, AO type, with or without nerve injury, vascular injury and complications (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that fracture type, AO type and nerve injury were the main factors that influence the treatment effect (P < 0.05). That was, elbow joint function recovery was worse because of open type fracture, C type fracture, fracture combined with nerve injury. Above results confirmed that fracture type, AO type and nerve injury are the main factors influencing the effect of open reduction and internal fixation with AO plastic double plate for treating elderly patients with distal humeral fracture, and intervention should be done according to its influential factors.

Three purification methods ,based on differential centrifugation,precipitation by polyethylene glycol (PEG)and ultra-speed centrifugation,were compared for purification of an alfalfa mosaic virus (AMVSY)previously isolated from Trifolium repens. The Purified virus was observed under electron microscope, measured,by ultra-violet absorpton analysis and protein determination with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our results showed that a method by alternative use of sodium phosphate buffers containing 0. 1mol/L EDTA and 0. 1mol/L MgSO4 achieved the best purification with less miscellaneous protein contamination,integrate virus particles and relatively high yield, which was of 47.6mg virion per hundred grams of fresh leaves of Chanopodium quinoa inoculated with AMV-SY. The coat protein of AMY-SY was tested for about 29 kilo-Dalton.

Objective:To explore influence of position of myocardial infarction and coronary artery lesions in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) ,and the relationship among heart failure ,arrhythmia and severity of coronary artery lesion .Methods :Clinical data of 224 patients ,who hospitalized in our hospital because of STEMI and received coronary angiography from Jan 2009 to Jun 2011 ,were retrospectively analyzed .General data of patients were collected ,and SYNTAX score was used to reflect severity of coronary artery lesion ,and the rela‐tionship among heart failure ,arrhythmia and SYNTAX scores were analyzed .Results:Incidence rate of heart fail‐ure in patients with infarction relate artery left anterior descending artery (LAD) AND/or left main coronary artery (LM) was significantly higher than that of patients with right coronary artery (RCA) (57.0% vs .39.7% , P=0.017) ,incidence rate of arrhythmia in patients with RCA was significantly higher than that of patients with left circumflex artery (LCX) (37.0% vs .6.3% , P=0.016);incidence rates of arrhythmia (48.4% ) ,shock (54.8% ) were highest in patients with inferior wall/right ventricle than those of other position , P<0.05 or <0.01.SYNTAX scores in patients with heart failure and arrhythmia were significantly higher than those of patients without heart failure and arrhythmia respectively [ (18.7 ± 9.1) scores vs .(15.4 ± 8.6) scores ,(19.7 ± 9.0) scores vs .(16.1 ± 8.8) scores , P<0.01 both] .Conclusion:Incidence rates of heart failure ,cardiogenic shock and arrhythmia are related to coronary artery lesions position and degree and myocardial infarction position in STEMI patients .

BACKGROUND:Vertebral compression fractures are the most common vertebral fractures in the elderly patients with osteoporosis, and the correlation between the compression of anterior border of vertebral body and adjacent vertebral refractures is not clear.
OBJECTIVE:To establish a model of different compression of T12vertebral body with finite element method, and analyze the relationship between the compression of T12vertebral body and the stress of adjacent vertebral plate.
METHODS:Based on thoracolumbar CT data of normal adult volunteers, MIMICS/3-matic was imported. Through image segmentation, repair and three-dimensional mesh of accessto thoracic and lumbar T11-L1data, grid assigned material properties was imported to ABAQUS so as to establish ligament, joint and other small features and obtain realistic three-dimensional finite element model. The six degrees of freedom, including anteflexion, posterior extension, left and right flexion, left and right rotation, were loaded, to verify the validity of the normal model. With the frontier of vertebral body compression to 90%, 80%, 70%…10% of the nine states, MISES stressesof the T11andL1segment intervertebral disc endplate were extracted; the relationship curve of compression state and endplate stress was obtained.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The model was highly realistic and could reflect the actual stress state. (2) The stress value of T11vertebral body and L1vertebral body was positively correlated with the compression of T12vertebral body. Increased stress may lead to an increased likelihood of end plate fractures, which increases the risk of fractures in the adjacent vertebralbodies.

Objective To study how to improve velopharyngeal ring ligafion procedure by using ring ligator in velopharyngeal ring ligatian procedure and settle the problem that there is no standard to measure the interspace of the cavity of pharynx.Methods Select some deft palate patients who were between 3 to 17 ages.Then made five groups according to age (3 to 5,6 to 8,9 to 11,12 to 14,15 to 17).Then made five different types of ring ligators accrding to the normal size of the cavity of pharynx of different ages.Results The ring ligators were easily used and all the patients were repaired satisfied.Conclusion The application of ring ligator in velopharyngeal ring ligation procedure is simple and feasible.

Objective To construct and identify a novel IL-10 delivery system by transforming a hIL-10-containing plasmid into B.longum (BL -hIL -10).Methods A plasmid vector pBADs -GFP was selected which had been built by previous test and biosynthetic hIL-10 plasmid,through double enzyme digestion and enzyme reaction,to construct and identify PBADs-hIL-10 shuttle plasmid,then to synthesis BL-hIL-10.hIL-10 was expressed and secreted into the culture supernatant of BL-hIL-10 after 0.2% L-arabinose induction in vitro as examined by Western blot,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and RT-PCR;Culture supernatants and bacterium pellets were collected after continuous culture for 12,24 and 36h,respectively.hIL-10 was expressed and secreted into the culture supernatant of BL-hIL-10 after 0.2% L-arabinose induction in vitro as examined by Western blot,enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and RT -PCR;Culture supernatants and bacterium pellets were collected after continuous culture for 12,24 and 36h,respectively.Results The BL-hIL-10 bacterial strain that can stably express hIL-10 factor was successfully screened out,and the levels of hIL-10 in both superna-tant and cell pellet were similarly reached maximum at 24h of culture.Conclusion BL-hIL-10 as a novel oral hIL-10 delivery system has been successfully established,which established a basis for the treatment of IBS with transgenic Bifidobacterium.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of TSP-2, the antibody of Toll-like receptor 2 extracellular domain, on the expression and DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein in mice with ulcerative colitis (UC).

METHODSSixty BALB/c mice were randomized equally into normal control group, UC model group, TSP-2 treatment group, and rabbit IgG treatment group. In the latter 3 groups, the mice were fed with 5% DSS (C6H7Na3O14S3) solution for 7 days to induced UC, followed then by treatment with daily injections of TSP-2 or rabbit IgG as appropriate for 7 days. The disease activity index was recorded during the treatment. The colitis tissues were collected after the treatments for HE staining and detecting the expression and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB p65 in the colon mucosa by Western blotting and ELISA.

RESULTSThe DNA binding activity and expressions of NF-κB P65 protein increased significantly in UC model group (P<0.05). TSP-2 treatment group significantly decreased the disease activity index (P<0.05) and lowered the DNA-binding activity and expression of NF-κB P65 protein (P<0.05) in the UC mouse models, while rabbit IgG produced no such effects (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONTSP-2 can suppress the DNA-binding activity and protein expressions of NF-κB P65 and regulate excessive immune response in the intestines to ameliorate ulcerative colitis in mice.

Animals ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; immunology ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rabbits ; Thrombospondins ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factor RelA ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To compare volar plating and nonoperative treatment for senile comminuted fractures of the distal radius. Methods From October 2012 to June 2015, 46 senile comminuted fractures of the distal radius ( AO types B and C ) were treated surgically or conservatively. Twenty old patients were managed by open reduction and fixation with a volar locked plate. They were 7 men and 13 women, with an average age of 67. 9 ± 10. 7 years, including 7 cases of AO type 23-B and 13 cases of AO type 23-C. Twenty-six patients were managed with closed reduction and plaster cast. They were 8 men and 18 women, with an average age of 66. 2 ± 11. 5 years, including 10 cases of AO type 23-B and 16 cases of AO type 23-C. The 2 groups were compared in terms of follow-up time, union time and wrist functional scores and complica-tions. Results There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in follow-up time ( P > 0. 05 ) . Fractures in the 2 groups all united about 11 weeks after surgery. According to Dienst scoring for reduction, the volar plating group had 13 excellent cases, 4 good ones, 2 fair ones and one poor case, with an excellent to good rate of 85. 0％ while the nonoperative group had 5 excellent cases, 10 good ones, 5 fair ones and 6 poor ones, with an excellent to good rate of 57. 7％. A significant difference was shown between the 2 groups ( P <0. 05 ) . At final follow-ups, the volar plating group had significantly lower Gartland & Werley wrist functional score ( 2. 16 ± 1. 82 ) and complication rate ( 30. 0％, 6/20 ) than the nonoperative group [ 6. 62 ± 3. 78 and 53. 8％( 14/26 ) , respectively ] ( P <0. 05 ) . Conclusion In treatment of senile comminuted fractures of the distal radius, volar locked plating may lead to better functional recovery and fewer complications than nonoper-ative management. However, one should take full account of the physical condition and preference of the patient when surgery is chosen.

Objective:To explore and analyze the changes of miRNA-138 and miRNA-26b before and after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors and their clinical significance.Methods:86 patients with functional pituitary tumors who underwent transsphenoidal surgery in Linyi People’s Hospital from Apr. 2020 to Apr. 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The recurrence within 1 year after operation was followed up and the patients were divided into unrecovered group (24 cases) and cured group (62 cases) . Clinical data such as age, gender, tumor pathological type, Knosp grade, first operation, tumor diameter, intraoperative tumor residue, Ki-67 and adjuvant therapy were collected. Fasting venous blood was collected before surgery and the next morning after surgery. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the serum levels of mircoRNA-138 (miRNA-138) and miRNA-26b (mirNA-26B) , and the changes of serum miRNA-138 and miRNA-26b levels before and after surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between serum miRNA-138 and miRNA-26b levels and postoperative prognosis, and ROC curve was drawn to analyze their predictive value for postoperative prognosis.Results:Univariate analysis showed that Knosp grade, tumor diameter, intraoperative tumor residual, Ki-67, and adjuvant therapy were associated with the recurrence of body tumor after transsphenoidal surgery ( P<0.05) . After operation, the expression of miRNA-138 in serum was higher than that before operation, and the expression of miRNA-138 in unhealed group (4.13±1.12) was higher than that in cured group (3.56±0.84) ( P<0.05) . The expression of miRNA-26b in serum after operation was lower than that before operation, and the expression of miRNA-26b in the unhealed group (2.34±0.62) was lower than that in the cured group (2.75±0.58) ( P<0.05) . Pituitary tumor hormone increased before operation and returned to normal after operation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tumor diameter ≥40cm (OR=3.476, 95%CI: 1.267-9.539) , postoperative tumor residual (OR=3.155, 95%CI: 1.236-8.052) , Ki-67≥3% (OR=3.885, 95%CI: 2.038-7.403) , postoperative serum miRNA-138 expression ≤3.62 (OR=2.323, 95%CI: 1.536-3.513) , postoperative serum miRNA-26b expression ≥2.59 (OR0.453, 95 %CI: 0.286-0.717) was an independent risk factor for the recurrence of pituitary tumors after transsphenoidal surgery ( P<0.05) . When the optimal cut-off value of serum miRNA-138 was 3.62, the area under the curve for predicting the recurrence of pituitary tumors after transsphenoidal surgery was 0.78, the sensitivity was 81.35%, and the specificity was 71.46%; the optimal cut-off value of serum miRNA-26b When it was 2.59, the area under the curve for predicting and predicting the recurrence of pituitary tumors after transsphenoidal surgery was 0.75, at this time, the sensitivity was 78.62%, and the specificity was 72.33%. The lower area was 0.83, the sensitivity was 85.47%, and the specificity was 72.38%. Conclusion:The expression of serum miRNA-138 was up-regulated and the expression of miRNA-26b was down-regulated after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors, and its abnormal expression was associated with postoperative recurrence, which has a good predictive value for predicting postoperative recurrence.

Objective:To evaluate the long-term impact of three different outdoor activity intervention strategies on the prevalence of myopia among school-aged children in China.Methods:Cross-sectional data from the Refractive Error Study in Children (RESC) on the baseline prevalence of myopia and 10-year longitudinal data from the Guangzhou Twin Eye Study (GTES) on the baseline incidence of myopia were utilized.The effect size of outdoor activity intervention was derived from longitudinal data of the Guangzhou Outdoor Activity Longitudinal Study (GOALS). Three intervention strategies were proposed: intervention for children in grades 1 to 6 (Strategy A), intervention for children in grades 1 to 3 (Strategy B), and intervention for children from the last year of kindergarten to grade 3 (Strategy C). Outdoor activity interventions across all strategies included an extra 40 minutes of daily outdoor activity time.Simulated analyses assumed that the prevalence of myopia would decrease with declining incidence and increasing school grade, and the degree of myopia among highly myopic children would decrease with delayed myopia onset.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center (No.2006-5).Results:With prolonged intervention time, the overall prevalence of myopia in children showed a significant declining trend.After 5 years of implementation, Strategy A resulted in a decrease in myopia prevalence from 34.67% to 25.71%, which decreased to 24.89% after 10 years, with an average annual reduction of 0.98%.Strategies B and C had similar long-term effects, with myopia prevalence after 10 years being 26.00% and 26.20% respectively, with an average annual reductions of 0.87% and 0.85%.Strategy A yielded the greatest reduction in myopia severity, with a decrease of -5.94 D after 5 years and -5.88 D after 10 years in the initial 15-year-old highly myopic individuals.Strategy B followed with -6.08 D and -6.02 D after 5 and 10 years, respectively.Conclusions:Implementing intensified outdoor activity intervention among children in grades 1 to 6 may be the recommended strategy to reduce the overall prevalence of myopia in regions with high rates of myopia among school-aged children.