Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of fiberoptic ductoscope versus galactography for nipple discharge. Methods Literatures on comparing the diagnostic value of galactography with fiberoptic ductoseope (FDS) on the nipple discharge were searched from the Cochrane library, Evidence based medicine (EBM ),PubMed,China Vip database, and 8 studies were intaked. Then the data was analyzed by software Metadisc1.4 and Review Manager5.1. Results There are 1170 patients in the 8 studies. The pooled estimates for sensitivity of FDS and galactography was 82%, 78%, and the pooled estimates for specificity was 51%, 50%, respectively. The weighted AUC (area under curve) was 0.776, 0.705, Q*values was 0.715, 0.657, respectively. The sensitivities and specificity of the 2 methods were not significantly different. The overall diagnostic efficacy of FDS was better than that of galactography. Conclusion FDS is better than galaetography in the diagnostic value of nipple discharge.

Objective To explore initially the role of p38 mitogen activated protein kinases(p38 MAPK) in cerebral ischemic preconditioning.Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group,sham-operated group,ischemia preconditioning or ischemia tolerance group,peripheral noxious control group,peripheral noxious tolerance group.SDS-PAGE,Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the p38 MAPK phosphorylation and protein expression in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus of rat.Results No significant changes of p38 MAPK in phosphorylation level and protein expression were found both in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus after ischemia preconditioning(P>0.05,n=6).Conclusion The development of cerebral ischemia preconditioning of rat might be not involved the phosphorylation and protein expression of p38 MAPK.

Objective To explore initially the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in cerebral ischemic preconditioning. Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group; sham group; ischemic preconditioning or ischemia tolerance group; bee venom group; peripheral noxious tolerance group. SDS-PAGE, Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the ERK1/2 phosphorylation and protein expression in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus of rats. Results The phosphorylation level of ERK1 in somatosensory cortex increased significantly (P<0.05) after ischemic preconditioning, while no significant changes in ERK2 and that of ERK1/2 in hippocampus. No significant changes in ERK1/2 protein expression were found both in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus after ischemic preconditioning. Conclusion The increased ERK1 phosphorylation level in somatosensory cortex may be involved in cerebral ischemic preconditioning.

Objective To explore initially the roles of the 3 major signaling pathways of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) in cerebral ischemia preconditioning. Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group; sham-operated group and ischemic preconditioning or ischemic tolerance group (n=6). SDS-PAGE, Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the phosphorylation and protein expression of ERK, JNK and p38 in somatosensory cortex of rat. Results The phosphorylation level of ERK1 and JNK46KD in somatosensory cortex increased significantly (P<0.05) after ischemia preconditioning. Conclusion The increased ERK1 and JNK46KD phosphorylation in somatosensory cortex may be involved in the development of cerebral ischemia preconditioning and can not be ruled out in which the role of p38.

Objective To explore initially the role of c-Jun N-terminal protein kinases (JNK) in cerebral ischemia preconditioning.Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, sham-operated group, ischemic preconditioning or ischemic tolerance group, bee venom group, peripheral noxious tolerance group. SDS-PAGE, Western blot and Gel Doc imagine systems were applied to determine the JNK phosphorylation and protein expression in somatosensory cortex and hippocampus. Results The phosphorylation level of JNK46KD but not JNK54KD in somatosensory cortex increased significantly (P<0.05) after ischemia preconditioning, while no significant changes had been observed in that of JNK46KD and JNK54KD in hippocampus. In addition, the protein expression level of JNK46KD but not JNK54KD fell on control level in somatosensory cortex after ischemic preconditioning, while no significant changes in JNK46KD and JNK54KD protein expression were found in hippocampus. Conclusion The increased JNK46KD phosphorylation and fallen JNK46KD protein expression in somatosensory cortex may be involved in the development of cerebral ischemia preconditioning.

Objective:To explore the effect of extracorporeal shock wave combined with meloxicam tablets on joint function and serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and resistin levels in elderly patients with osteoarthritis.Methods:80 cases of elderly patients with osteoarthritis in Nanchong Central Hospital from May 2016 to March 2019 were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into two groups, 40 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional oral medicine (meloxicam + potassium glucosamine sulfate tablets), and the observation group was given meloxicam tablets combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy. The total effective rate, incidence of adverse reactions, and the scores of osteoarthritis symptoms (WOMCA), joint function (Lysholm), serum MMP-9 and resistin before and after 8 weeks' treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the WOMCA score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and Lysholm score was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the total effective rate of the observation group (95.00%) was higher than of the control group (77.50%) ( P<0.05); the serum resistin and MMP-9 levels of the observation group were lower than those of the control group after treatment ( P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group (15.00%) and the control group (17.50%) ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Extracorporeal shock wave combined with meloxicam tablets in the treatment of elderly patients with osteoarthritis can significantly improve the clinical symptoms, promote the recovery of joint function, reduce the levels of serum resistin and MMP-9, and further improve the treatment effect with high safety.

BACKGROUND:The cultivation of mammary gland stem cel s is of great significance for the development of mammary gland and breast cancer.
OBJECTIVE:To seek an easy method to isolate and culture mammary gland stem cel in vitro, and verify the safety of cel s.
METHODS:Mammary epithelial cel s were isolated from normal tissues surrounding breast cancer, and CD49f-and EPCAM-positive cel s were sorted using flow cytometry fol owed by surface marker analysis and cel colony formation ability analysis. Afterwards, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect C-erbB-2 and Maspin mRNA expression in mammary gland stem cel s, breast cancer tissues and normal tissues surrounding breast cancer.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human mammary gland stem cel s were successful y cultured and highly expressed CD49f and EPCAM, with the presence of mixed colony, pleural epithelial cel colony, and myoepithelial cel colony. c-erbB-2 was lowly expressed while Maspin highly expressed in mammary gland stem cel s. Our experimental findings indicate that the mammary gland stem cel s derived from normal tissue surrounding breast cancer have biological safety.

OBJECTIVETo explore the dynamic effects of Yinqiao detoxifcation oral liquid (YQD) on NK cell lysis in spleen and serum concentration of IFN-gamma in SCID mouse infected by influenza A virus FM1.

METHODThe mice were divided into six different groups randomly. Except normal control, other mice were intranasally instilled with 15 TCID of virus. Three dosage groups of YQD (5.0, 10.0, 20.0 g x kg(-1)) were respectively fed with YQD. Positive control group was administrated orally with 0.07 g x kg(-1) of ribavirin. Normal control and model group were fed with physiological saline. After 1, 3, 5 and 7 days' infection, spleens and serum were collected. Then the NK cell lysis was detected by LDH release kit and the concentration of IFN-gamma was examined by ELISA assay.

RESULTContents of IFN-gamma reached to peak value on the 3th day and until the 5th day. Later, the level of IFN-gamma returned to normal level. The variation tendency of activity of NK cell in spleen was according with that of IFN-gamma. But it reached the maximum value until the 5th day. The activity of NK cell lysis in three groups of YQD was well above that i n model group. In addition, therapeutic action of both 10.0 g x kg(-1) and 20.0 g x kg(-1) of YQD treatment groups was better than that of 5.0 g x kg(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe data showed that serum concentration of IFN-gamma and NK cell lysis were improved by YQD at different time, which was demonstrated YQD could perform well in immune system.

Animals ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; blood ; drug therapy ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Influenzavirus A ; physiology ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; physiology ; Mice ; Mice, SCID ; Random Allocation ; Spleen ; immunology ; physiopathology

Objective To develop a practical testing system on internet,to offer a modern pattern of practicing testing for diagnostic imaging and to evaluate the effects.Methods Practical testing system for diagnostic imaging based on PACS was set up and its effect was evaluated by students.Results The developed practical testing system combines question bank,image reading tool and answering interface together and has functions of controlling and managing both the questions and students participating in the examination.In the satisfaction survey of students,practicing testing system of diagnostic imaging got a score of 96.75 (full mark 100) and was highly prized.Conclusions This pattern of online testing offers more imaging information and makes practicing examination of diagnostic imaging more vivid and scientific.

Objective To probe into the optimization of scanning parameters of chest with low-dose spiral CT.Methods The phantom was scanned with different scanning parameters.The image quality obtained with the standard dose parameters and the low-dose technique were compared to evaluate the spatial resolution,low contrast resolution,noise level field uniformity and radiation dose,then the optimal scan parameters were defined.The scanning parameters were 120 kV,0.75 s,Pitch 1.0,FOV 360,RF3 reconstruction model(standard filter).Different thickness and tube electricity were used and the data were analyzed with the statistical method.Results There was significant difference about the data of the CTDI between the 160 mA conventional spiral CT and the low dose groups(30 mA,50 mA,70 mA,90 mA).There was no significant difference about the CTDI between 30 mA and 50 mA,and between 50 mA and 70 mA.There was obviously significant difference about the image noise on 1 mm slice and 10mA with other groups.The spatial resolution and low contrast resolution increased along with the increase of tube electricity,and 50mA was a inflexion of low contrast resolution.Conclusion 50mA and 5mm slice are the best scanning parameters in low-dose lung scanning and adapt to routine screening and early lung cancer screening.