Objective To investigate the sequence variations of mitochondrial D-loop region in chronic glomerular nephritis patients and family members and their possible associations with chronic glomerular nephritis.Methods 20 patients with chronic glomerular nephritis and 48 unaffected pedigree members,as well as 122 cases of normal control were recruited.mtDNA extracted from peripheral blood were examined by PCR-based assay for D-loop sequence variations,followed by sequencing analysis.Results Compared with the normal control and standard sequence,a total of 61 sequence variants were detected,among these,three high variations were found,and the base variation rate of patients with chronic glomerular nephritis(CGN)and unaffected pedigree members(UAPM)(0.88%,0.72%)significantly increased compared with the control group(0.61%).The distibutional difference of base variation rate in the experimental groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(x2=21.220,7.964,all P<0.05).Especially in microsatellite variation in D310 region,the mutation frequency and base variation rate in patients with CGN were 100.00% and 30.00%,respectively,which of UAPM were 81.30% and 17.95%,respectively,while those in the normal control group were 53.30% and 6.05%,respectively.Among them,the patients with CGN compared with the control group had statistically significant differences(x2=15.610,150.047,all P<0.05).Likewise,UAPM also had statistically significant difference compared with the control group(x2=11.347,66.188,all P<0.05).Conclusion D-Loop of mitochondrial genome mutations may be related to the development of chronic glomerular nephritis.

We reviewed the fermentation for dihydroxyacetone production. Microbial fermentation is better for dihydroxyacetone production as compared to chemical methods. Gluconobacter oxydans was recognized as the most important strain for industrial production of dihydroxyacetone. The dihydroxyacetone yield is associated with many factors such as substrate, product, oxygen and biomass concentration. Repeated fed-batch fermentation and immobilization fermentation were recognized as the most potential process in various fermentation mode. Construction of recombinant microorganism and optimization of process are future directions of dihydroxyacetone production.
Dihydroxyacetone ; biosynthesis ; Fermentation ; Gluconobacter oxydans ; metabolism ; Industrial Microbiology

Objective To analyze the current state of medication literacy among elderly patients with chronic diseases in urban areas of Beijing,identify its key influencing factors,and propose targeted improvement measures.Methods From February 1 to June 30,2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted among elderly chronic disease patients in 193 communities across 15 districts of Beijing using a convenience sampling method.Data was collected through face-to-face interviews,with a total of 787 questionnaires distributed and 755 valid responses received.The logistic regression analysis model was employed to systematically identify and evaluate the factors affecting patients'medication literacy.Results Among the 755 valid questionnaires collected,53.25%(402 cases)of patients met the medication literacy criteria.Regression analysis results showed that multiple factors significantly influenced medication literacy among elderly patients with chronic diseases,including using rural cooperative medical care or self-payment methods(OR=1.669,P=0.039),retaining medication instructions(OR=0.519,P=0.038),checking medication instructions before use(OR=1.993,P<0.01),and possessing the ability to understand medication instructions(partial understanding OR=2.805,P=0.038;fully understanding OR=3.084,P=0.022)as positive influencing factors;whereas having 2 to 3 chronic diseases(OR=0.574,P=0.039),taking 3 to 5 medications(OR=1.845,P=0.015),and experiencing drug-related problems(OR=1.993,P<0.01)were identified as negative influencing factors.Conclusion Multiple factors influence medication literacy among elderly patients with chronic diseases.To ensure the safety and efficacy of their medication use,It is recommended to implement targeted measures.These include revising patient medication guidance leaflets tailored to age,enhancing patients'understanding of drug instructions,and strengthening medication guidance and social support systems.

Objective This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the effectiveness of blood pressure control and the influencing factors in elderly hypertensive patients in urban areas of Beijing,providing scientific support for developing more precise and effective home pharmaceutical intervention strategies.Methods Pharmacists conducted home visits and administered questionnaires to systematically investigate elderly hypertensive patients aged 60 and above in the urban areas of Beijing from February to June 2023.Binary logistic regression was used to identify key factors affecting blood pressure control.Results A total of 575 questionnaires were collected with 560 valid responses,achieving an effective recovery rate of 97.39%.Among the respondents,233 were male(41.61%)and 327 were female(58.39%),with a median age of 69.The proportion of patients with qualified blood pressure control was 33.39%(187 cases).Logistic regression analysis further revealed that smoking,the presence of comorbidities,and multiple comorbid conditions significantly impacted the control rate(P<0.05).Conclusion The blood pressure control rate among elderly hypertensive patients in urban areas of Beijing remains low.It is recommended to develop more targeted home pharmaceutical intervention measures for patients who smoke and have multiple comorbidities to enhance blood pressure control outcomes.

Objective To indentify the cognitive status of Chinese patients to acne and the influencing factors to theirs' cognitive status,so as to provide solid evidences for the prevention and treatment of acne.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was made to conduct this survey of 16,156 acne patients,who seeked to the treatment in the dermatological departments from 112 hospitals in China.The survey consisted of several parts,including the general status of patients,the patients' cognition of occurrence,development and risk factors of acne,whether the first choice was seeking treatment at the hospital when the patients had acne and the condition of selection of skin care products.The factors were analyzed,which could impact the cognition of the patients' behavior of treatment,how did the patients' cognition to influence their medical behavior and skin care as well as the consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients themselves.Results The acne patients studied had the best knowledge of "acne is a skin disease","it not only occurs in the period of adolescence" and "the disease can be prevented and cured",which accordingly accounted for 80.65％,69.16％ and 65.49％ of the total patients respectively.However,the awareness of acne patients to heredity,high sugar and dairy products as risk factors for acne was insufficient,which accounted for 48.72％,42.40％ and 18.25％ of the total patients,respectively.Gender,age,educational level,occupation and health knowledge were the main factors affecting the cognitive level of patients;the survey also found that men,patient with educational level of junior high or even lower educational condition,occupation of labor workers or farmers and patients were lack of health education with poor knowledge of the genetics and dietary were risk factors for acne;patients with age over 36 years or with mild illness had poor knowledge of dietary risk factors for acne;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The analysis of the influence of cognitive status on medical treatment behavior and skin care showed that the better the cognition,the higher the probability of patients would choose medical treatment as the first choice as well as choosing functional skin care products;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients was poor (Kappa value ＜0.4),and the assessment of severity of acne by patients was more serious than doctors' assessment.Conclusions Patient's cognitive status will affect their medical behavior and skin care,and there is also a phenomenon that patients have a more serious assessment of their acne condition.It is suggested that health education for acne patients should be strengthened in clinical medicine so as to improve their knowledge of acne as well as preventing from acne effectively.