Objective To evaluate the procedure of diagnosis and treatment for cystitis glandularis in female. Methods Forty-seven patients were classified into 3 groups randomly after being operated by tuansurethral resection:15 cases without any other therapy(A group), 16 cases with bladder instillation of pirarubicin afterward (B group), 16 cases with bladder instillation of mitomycin afterward (C group). Symptomatic reliof and recurrence were investigated in 1-year follow-up visit. Results Forty-four cases had fulfilled the entire follow-up visit. The effective rates of the three groups were 38.5%,87.5% and 86.7% respectively (X2=13.80,P＜0.01 ), the recurrence rate was 30.8% ,0,13.3% respectively (X2=4.86,P＞0.05).Conclusions The clinical situation of cystitis glandularis has no specificity. Cystisis glandularis has diversification of the clinical symptoms, urodynamics. Transurethral resection with bladder instillation is more effective than transttrethral resection simply, the recurrence rate is lower.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of 3 operative options with selective high level ligation of spermatic veins, transinguinal canal and renovated Potomo's laparoscopic manage-ment of varicocele. Methods From January 1990 to November 2006, 1075 primary varicocele above grade Ⅱ patients accepted the operations, of them, 685 patients had follow up data and were recruited into this study. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to the operative methods:group A (n=369) was treated with open selective high level ligation of spermatic veins, group B (n=218) was treated with open transinguinal canal operation, and group C (n=98) was treated by renovated Polo-mo's laparoscopic management of varicocele. The complications of the 3 operative methods were com-pared, such as recurrence rate, testicular atrophy rate, scrotal edema rate and semen analysis. The therapeutic effects of these 3 methods were evaluated. Results The recurrence rates of the 3 groups were 3.3%, 7.3% and 5.1%, respectively. Group A had significantly lower recurrence rate than group B, P<0.05. The testicular atrophy rates of 3 groups were 0.5%, 17.9% and 9.2%, respec-tively. There were significant differences among the 3 groups (P<0.05). The scrotal edema rates of the 3 groups were 1.4%, 17.4% and 16.3%, respectively. Group B and C had higher risk of scrotal edema than group A, P<0.05. For patients with ages younger than 30, the improved semen quality rate in group A was higher than in group B and C. The improved semen quality rate in each group of patients younger than 30 was higher than patients with age over 30. Conclusion The open selective high level ligation of spermatic veins is the best choice in the treatment for patients with primary sper-matic varicocele.

Objective To research the effect to the semen quality of the three operation methods of superiority of highly selective varicocele high ligation,transinguinal canal and laparoseopic of renovated polomo management of varicocele.Methods 561 patients in our hospital who charged by infertility had the operation were analyzed retrospectively and were recruited with primary varicocele above grade II for this study.These patients were divided into three group according to three kinds of operation methods of varicocele :group A was treated with highly selective varicocele high ligation and had 300 patients;group B was treated with transinguinal canal operation and had 181 patients; and group C was treated by laparescopic of renovated polomo operation with 80 patients.Through the comparing of the fertility ability of the three operation methods,to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the three methods.Results The increasing rates of the quality of semen in group B was higher than other groups if patients' ages were lower than 30.The increasing rates of the quality of semen in every group was also higher if patients' ages were lower than 30.No difference was found between three groups in natural conception rate (P＞0.05).Conclusion The methods of highly selective varieecele high ligation would be a better choice in the management of patients with primary varicecele because of higher quality of semen.