The effect of plasma exchange (PE) in vivo was studied. The significant reductions of Cl~-, albumin, globulin, IgG, CIC and fibrinogen were observed after plasmapheresis, but Na~+, K~+, Ca~(++), Mg~(++), Cr, BUN and C3 hadn't significant changes, while the percentage of T suppressor cells increased after PE. The possibility of thrombosis should be awared, because hypercoagulation might be induced by mechanical depletion of antithrombin Ⅲ.

The T-lymphoblastic JM cell line was used to study the influence of the 3′, 5′-cCMP on cell growth. S-Phase parasynchronization was induced by incubation with 0.2mM thymidine for 20 hrs. M-phase parasynchronization was induced by a two step method: Incubation with thymidine was performed first as described above. 11 hours after cell release, colcemide 0.1?g/ml was added to act for 6 hrs. Incubatiou with 3′,5′-cCMP was performed at the time of release. Flow cytometry was performed by an Ortho Cytofluograph System 30.3′, 5′-cCMP can inhibit cell growth during the period from S-phase to G_2/M-phase aud from G_1-phase to S-pase as well. In contrast, 5-CMP, 2′,3′-cCMP and 5-dCMP have no inhibiting effect on cell growth, but can stimulate cell growth in S-phase. Inhibiting effect of 3′,5′-cCMP on cell growth was also present in asynchronous cell cultures.

Objective To explore feasibility and clinic results of the MIPPO (minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis) technique in treatment of humeral fractures. Methods 14 patients with humeral fracture underwent the MIPPO operation in our department. 7 of them were injured in a traffic accident, 4 in sports and 3 in daily life. There were 11 males and 3 females, with their ages ranging from 16 to 72 years. Of the 14 cases, 9 were proximal ones and 5 mid- distal ones, 3 were multiple injuries and 1 pathological fracture. Results The average intra- operative time was 80 minutes (ranging from 55 to 130 minutes). No patient received blood transfusion. The intra- operative blood loss was 100 to 200 mL. 14 cases were followed up for 8 weeks to 14 months. Their cuts healed at the primary stage. Their shoulder and elbow functions were fine. The fracture segments got satisfactory reduction with good apposition and alignment radiologically. The callus appeared 4 to 8 weeks postoperatively. Conclusion MIPPO is a safe and effective treatment for the humeral fracture with the benefits of less invasion, fewer complications and higher union rate.

0.2mM Cytidine 3', 5'-monophosphate (3', 5'-cCMP) inhibits not only the IL-2 production of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) but also the expression of IL-2 receptors. The inhibitory rate on expression of IL-2 receptors is 28.9+1.9%. The proliferation of CTLL-2 cells can be stimulated by 3', 5'-cCMP in concentration from 0.00625mM to 0.2mM when the presence of IL-2 is sufficient. The stimulative effect in low concentration of 3', 5'-cCMP is more obvious than that in high concentration.

Objective To discuss curative effects of the AO Less Invasive Stabilization System(LISS) in the treatment of complex fractures around the knee joint.Methods The internal fixation at distal femur or proximal tibia was performed in 15 cases of closed complex fractures at the metaphysic area near the knee joint by using the LISS(left-sided in 9 cases and right-sided in 6 cases) from April 2004 to June 2005. Results All the 15 cases were followed for 5~26 months(mean,13.2 months).The time to full weight bearing was 12~26 weeks,and the time to bone union under X-ray was 11~24 weeks.No delayed union or disunion was observed.There were 1 case of superficial infection and 2 cases of skin blister,all of which were cured with dressing changes.No deep infection,skin necrosis,or osteofascial compartment syndrome occurred.Functional evaluation according to the Johner-Wruhs system revealed "excellent" results in 11 cases,"good" results in 3,and "fair" in 1,the total satisfactory rate being 93.3%(14/15).Palpable shift and separation inside tibia had occurred in 1 case of tibial plateau fracture(type C3) 2 weeks after operation,and a steel bar was inserted to fix the tibial plateau in a second operation.Bone union was achieved in this case 20 weeks after operation,with "good" evaluation results.Genu varum(tibial plateau angle,82?) had occurred in 1 case of tibial plateau fracture(type C3) 8 weeks after operation,and bone union was noted 20 weeks after operation,with "fair" evaluation results.Conclusions The LISS is indicated for fractures at distal femur or proximal tibia,or osteoporotic fractures of distal femoral shaft.For type C3 complex tibial plateau fracture,fixation with a steel bar on the entocondyle should be employed,rather than relying on the LISS.

Objective To measure serum thrombopoietin(TPO)levels in thrombocytopenic conditions of aplastic anemia(AA)and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP)and explore the clinical significance of the changes of TPO levels.Methods Serum TPO concentration was determined in AA(n=13),ITP(n=20)and normal controls(n=17)by using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Serum TPO level in AA patients was much higher than that in normal controls[(683\^48?414\^73)ng/L vs (99\^41?73\^84)ng/L,P0 05].Furthermore,there was an inverse correlation between TPO concentration and platelet count in AA patients(r=-0\^71,P

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the dosing time on the pharmacokinetics of gefitinib and its potential mechanism. METHODS Female BALB/c nude mice were housed under standardized 12 h light/dark circadian conditions(light on at 7:00,off at 19:00)for two weeks before a non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)model was established. Two weeks later,they were divided into 2 groups(8:00,20:00)randomly. Gefitinib was orally administered at the dose of 1 mg · kg-1 to the mice in each group at 8:00 or 20:00,respectively. Blood was collected at 10 different time points after each administration. Livers were collected every 4 h during the 24 h period from the non-administrated nude mice of NSCLC model. The plasma concentration of gefitinib was determined through an HPLC-MS/MS and the parameters were calculated by WinNonlin 6.3. The total RNA was extracted from livers,purified, synthesized to cDNA that was subjected to qRT-PCR analysis for mRNA expression levels of cyto?chrome P450 enzymes(Cyp)3a11,Cyp3a13,pregnane X receptor(PXR)and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). RESULTS The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and mean residence time (MRT) of 8:00 administration group were higher than those of 20:00 administration group(P<0.05). The clearance(Clz/F) of 8:00 administration group was lower than that of 20:00 administration group(P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of PXR and CAR were consistent with those of Cyp3a11 and Cyp3a13. CONCLUSION Circadian rhythm exists in the pharmacokinetics of gefitinib and it may be closely related to CYP3A and its regulator genes.

ABSTRACT AIM To investigate the effect of ch-itosan on protein kinase C (PKC) activitives and diacyl glycerol(DAG)concentration in murine peritoneal macrophages. METHODS A new ion-pair reversed-phase high liquid chromatography and ra-dioimmunoassay were used to determinate the activity of PKC and the concentration of DAG respectively. RESULTS ( 1) Chitosan induced activation and translocation of PKC in murine peritoneal macrophages. The peak time was 25 min and the activity of PKC came back the basic level at 1. 5 h. (2)Chitosan increased the production of DAG in murine peritoneal macrophages. The peak time was 30 s and the concentration of DAG came back the basic level at 3 min. CONCLUSION The im-munopoteniating effect of chitosan may be associated with the channel of DAG /PKC.

AIM:To study the effects of thrombopoietin (TPO) and other hematopoietic cytokines on platelet activation. METHODS: Using fluorescent-labeled monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry.RESULTS: The per- centage range of platelets activated by 120 ng/mL TPO was 8. 89% -39. 92%,mean value was 17.43%; However, there were no effects of TPO 40 ng/mL and GM - CSF 100 ng/mL and IL- 3 100 ng/mL on platelet activation. CONCLUSION: Higher concentration of TPO directly stimulated platelet activation.

AIM: To investigate the effect of CD_8+ cells from aplastic anemia (AA) patients and its histamine type II (H_2) receptors on the growth of normal CFU-Mk. METHODS: The effects of CD_8+ cells and/or cimetidine, on normal human CFU-Mk growth were studied by using CFU-Mk assay. RESULTS: The CD_8+ cells from the perpheral blood of AA patients significantly suppressed the growth of normal allogeneic CFU-Mk. This inhibitory effect was blocked by cimetidine at concentration of 1.0?10~-5 mol/L. 1.0?10~-5 mol/L cimitidine alone didn't inhibit the growth of normal CFU-Mk. CONCLUSION: H_2 receptor antagonist cimitidine abolishes the suppressive effect of AA patients CD_8+ cells on the growth of normal CFU-Mk.