Objective To optimize the prescription and technology of Brucea javanica oil subnanoemulsion injection. Methods Using superfine Brucea javanica oil as oil phase,yolk lecithin and poloxamer 188 as the complex emulsifying agents. The dosage of oil,emulsifier and stabilizer were optimized and the preparation was optimized by orthogonal experiments. Results The optimum precription was 10% oil phase,1.2% emulsifier and 0.1% stabilizer. The optimum technology was that aqueous phase and oil phase mixed at 70 ℃,sheared 20 min by high speed shearing machine and then passed the ultra-high pressure nano homogenizer 6 times under the pressure of 900 bar. Conclusion The physical stability of Brucea javanica oil subnanoemulsion injection is good.

Objective To study the pathological alterations,such as oxidative stress,cell proliferation and insulin resistance,especially autophagy,in Alzheimer' s disease (AD) complicated with type 2 diabetes (AD + T2DM).Methods The mouse models of T2DM,AD and AD + T2DM were used in the study,and totally 80 mice were divided into four groups:control group,T2DM group,AD group and AD + T2DM group.Morris water maze was applied to test the ability of learning and memory among the above mentioned groups.In the meantime,insulin resistance index,the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2,oxidative stress,cell proliferation and autophagy were observed with chemical analysis,immunofluorescent labeling,transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting.Results On day 4,the difference of time to find Morris water maze in control group,T2DM group,AD group and AD + T2DM group ((26.08 ±4.93) s,(38.46 ± 4.07) s,(47.32 ± 5.86) s,(53.01 ± 6.12) s,F =2.454,P =0.025) was statistically significant,and the time in AD + T2DM group was longer than that in AD group (t =-3.624,P =0.033).Compared with control group,insulin resistance occurred in T2DM group,AD group and AD + T2DM group (4.35 ± 0.48,16.12 ± 3.57,7.03 ± 3.11,18.78 ± 5.06,F =5.602,P =0.009),and the reduction of insulin receptor substrate 2 expression,the oxidative stress reaction,neural proliferative suppression and autophagy (F =418.344,222.514,436.250,113.934,23.772,35.469,all P ＜ 0.05) were induced in T2DM group,AD group and AD + T2DM group,which were more serious in AD + T2DM group than in AD group (t =-2.796,21.723,-8.041,9.037,-4.403,-32.011,-26.593,all P ＜0.05).Conclusion AD + T2DM mice suffered more serious cognitive impairment than AD and T2DM mice.The oxidative stress levels of AD + T2DM mice were upregulated,and thus led to the inhibition of cell proliferation,eventually leading to promotion of autophagy.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of capecitabine metronomic chemotherapy in the maintenance of elderly patients with metastatic breast cancer. Methods Fifty-six patients with metastatic breast cancer treated in Jiangsu Shengze Hospital from April 2014 to April 2017 were randomly divided into two groups according to random number table method: metronomic chemotherapy group (n = 28) and conventional chemotherapy group (n = 28). The patients in the metronomic chemotherapy group were treated with capecitabine 500 mg, 2 times/d and continuous oral administration. The conventional chemotherapy group received capecitabine 1 250 mg, 2 times/d for 14 days, rested for 7 days, 21 days was a course of treatment.After two courses,the clinical efficacy,toxicity and quality of life were evaluated. Results There were no significant differences in RR and DCR between the metronomic chemotherapy group and conventional chemotherapy group (RR: 39.3 % vs. 42.8 %, DCR: 89.3 % vs. 85.7 %, both P > 0.05). The median progression-free survival (PFS) time in the metronomic chemotherapy group was 5.8 months (95 % CI 3.23-7.44, P= 0.764) and median overall survival (OS) time was 7.9 months (95 % CI 4.15-7.95, P=0.519). The median PFS time in the conventional chemotherapy group was 7.2 months (95 % CI 3.32-6.33, P=0.835), median OS time was 10.3 months (95 % CI 4.08-7.37, P=0.463). There was no significant difference between the two groups (both P> 0.05). The incidences of hand-foot syndrome, myelosuppression and digestive tract reaction in conventional chemotherapy group were higher than those in metronomic chemotherapy group, there were significant differences between the two groups (all P < 0.05). No Ⅲ-Ⅳ level adverse reactions were found in the metronomic chemotherapy group. The overall rate of improvement of the quality of life in the metronomic chemotherapy group was significantly higher than that in the conventional chemotherapy group (92.9 % vs. 78.8 %, χ 2= 7.629, P < 0.05). Conclusion The clinical efficacy of capecitabine metronomic chemotherapy in the maintenance of elderly patients with metastatic breast cancer is similar to conventional dose maintenance therapy,but it can not only reduce the side effects, but also improve the quality of life of patients.