Objective To evaluate the efficacy of nucleoside analogues (NAs) antiviral therapy on clinical outcome for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related primary hepatic carcinoma patients after hepatectomy. Methods The clinical data of 156 HBV-related primary hepatic carcinoma patients after hepatectomy were retrospectively analyzed..According to whether accepted postoperative antiviral treatment, all patients were divided into control group (n = 80)and observation group (n = 76). The serum HBV DNA capacity, recurrence-free survival (RFS)and overall survival (OS)were compared between two groups. Results One week, 1 month, 2 months and 3 months after operation , the serum HBV DNA capacity of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group(P < 0.05). One year, 3 years and 5 years after operation, intergroup comparison of RFS rate of both groups showed statistical significance (P < 0.05) and 1 year, 3 years and 5 years after operation, the difference of OS rate of both groups indicated statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion Standard NAs antiviral treatment for HBV-related primary hepatic carcinoma patients after hepatectomy ,can improve prognosis and prolong survival time. The inhibition the HBV copy active may be its mechanism.

Objective To study the pathogenic features, diagnosis and treatment of aberrant thyroid cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical and pathological data of 29 cases of aberrant thyroid cancer was made.Results All of the 29 patients underwent operative treatment and postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy. On postoperative follow up, the 5-year survival rate was 52.0%. The longest survivor patient was alive 24 years after operation.Conclusions The key to increase the survival rate of patients is early detection and timely surgical treatment. Postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy are conducive to increase survival rate.

0.5ug/ml in 34 patients(79.1%).Postoperative survival rate and recover of the work ability in group T were significantly higher than those in group C.Conclusions EPTT before RT for the type I diabetes patients with renal disorder can improve the results of RT.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the features of distribution and variation trends of mortality of ischemic heart disease over the age of 35 years old in China, 2004-2011.

METHODSA total of 493 274 cases were recruited in the study, the mortality data of the ischemic heart diseases were collected from the national disease surveillance point (DSP) system between 2004 and 2011. The change of ischemic heart disease standardized mortality was described, and the annual change percentage of age group mortality and standardized mortality were analyzed using log linear regression method.

RESULTSIn 2004-2011, the standardized mortality of ischemic heart disease over the age of 35 showed an upward trend in each regions of China.In 2004, the ischemic heart disease standardized mortality over the age of 35 was 176.2/100 000 among males and 131.7/100 000 among females in urban areas, and the figures increased to 204.6/100 000 and 147.9/100 000 respectively in 2011.In 2004, the ischemic heart disease standardized mortality over the age of 35 was 164.4/100 000 among males and 122.2/100 000 among females in rural areas, and the figures increased to 236.8/100 000 and 151.5/100 000 respectively in 2011. The ischemic heart disease standardized mortality was lower in rural regions than in urban regions in 2004, but it changed to be higher in rural regions than in urban regions in 2011 both in males and female. The annual growth rate of ischemic heart disease mortality over the age of 35 was separately 5.00% in male and 3.65% in female. The annual growth rate was highest among males in rural areas (7.09%), followed by females in rural areas (5.06%). The growth rate was lowest among females in urban areas (1.69%).It was found that the increasing trends of ischemic heart disease mortality of males both in urban and rural areas, and females in rural areas was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe mortality of ischemic heart disease has still been showing an uprising trend, especially in the rural areas.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; China ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Urban Population

Objective To study the correlation between ultrasonographic features of thyroid nodule and BRAFV600Emutation. Methods A total of 179 patients with 194 suspicious throid nodules were included in this study. They underwent ultrasound, biopsy, pathology and BRAFV600Emutation examination between October 2015 and February 2016 at Chinese PLA General Hospital. The size of nodules were (1.1±0.8) cm. The size, echo, boundary, shape aspect ratio, calcification and capsular invasion of nodules were investigated. The correlation between ultrasonographic features of thyroid nodule and BRAFV600Emutation analyzed by chis-square test and Logistic Regression analysis using statistical data as independent variable, BRAFV600Emutation as dependent variable. Results There were significant different in nodule′s ratio, boundary, capsular invasion characteristic between the BRAFV600Epositive group and the BRAFV600Enegative group(χ2=11.174,45.517,11.046,all P < 0.05),and these signs are possibly associated with BRAFV600Emutation by logistic regression model analysis(OR=2.276,95%CI:1.117-4.638, P < 0.05; OR=8.412, 95%CI: 3.836-18.448,P < 0.001; OR=2.582, 95%CI: 1.138-5.860,P < 0.05). Conclusions The ratio, boundary, capsular invasion characteristic of thyroid nodules are possibly associated with BRAFV600Emutation. These signs can be used to predict BRAFV600Emutation and facilitate subsequent treatment for such nodules.

Objective To quantify the burden of disease related to high blood pressure in the Chinese population. Methods We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases,Injuries,and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) in China. Data for mean systolic blood pressure,burden of deaths,Years of Life Lost(YLLs),Years Lived with Disability(YLDs),disability-adjusted life years (DALYs),and relative risk were corrected for regression dilution bias to calculate the population impact fractions and estimate the attributable deaths and DALYs. Results Among all the deaths due to cardiovascular diseases and DALYs,64.0%of them were caused by high blood pressure. In 2010,a total number of 2.043 million deaths were caused by high blood pressure,including 1.154 million males. 2.007 million deaths were due to cardiovascular diseases,35 000 due to chronic kidney diseases. Deaths caused by high blood pressure accounted for 24.6%of all the deaths. In total,37.94 million person-years DALYs were caused by high blood pressure,of which 23.33 million person-years were males and 14.61 million person-years were females. There were 2.365 million person-years of YLDs and 35.57 million person-years of YLLs,which both accounted for 12% of the total DALYs. Conclusion Compared to the global results of GBD 160,on either deaths or DALYs,the proportion attributable to high blood pressure were quite high for a country like China. The health effects caused by high blood pressure seemed to be quite serious which called for attention.

Objective To quantify the change on burden of disease from hypercholesterolemia in China from 1990 to 2010.Methods Related data were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases,Injuries,and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010).Population attributable risk was adopted to estimate the burden of disease from hypercholesterolemia.Results The death and burden of disease from hypercholesterolemia for Chinese residents increased from 98 000 and 2.237 million disability-adjusted of life years (DALY) in 1990 to 281 000 and 5.912 million DALY respectively.In 2010,251 000 ischemic heart disease and 30 000 ischemic stroke deaths were caused by hypercholesterolemia,accounted for 3.4％ (28.1/830.2) of the total deaths.In.2010,the DALY of ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke attributed to hypercholesterolemia was 5.169 million and 0.743 million respectively.DALY was 3.356 million in male and 2.555 million in female.Years of life lost due to premature mortality(YLL) was 5.268 million,and years lived with disability (YLD) was 0.644 million.Conclusion Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for deaths and life loss in 2010,and the burden of disease and death from hypercholesterolemia increased obviously from 1990 to 2010 in China.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of a booster immunization with a candidate tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis combined vaccine (Tdap) in a rat model after primary vaccination with diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis and Sabin strain inactivated poliovirus combined vaccine (DTacP-sIPV) or diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus and haemophilus type b combined vaccine (DTacP-IPV/Hib) for further preclinical study.Methods:Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups and respectively immunized with a self-developed DTacP-sIPV, a marketed DTacP-IPV/Hib and normal saline at 0, 1, and 2 months of age. Serum levels of antibody against each component in each group were detected before immunization and after each dose. A booster dose of the candidate Tdap was given 10 months after primary immunization. Serum levels of antibody against each component in each group were detected before, 1 month and 6 months after the booster immunization.Results:One month after three doses of primary immunization, the geometric mean titers (GMT, Log2) of antibodies against diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT), pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) in the DTacP-sIPV group were 17.41, 18.34, 18.11, 19.93 and 13.91, respectively, and the seroconversion rates of these components all reached 100%. Ten months after primary immunization, the GMTs of antibodies against DT, TT, PT, FHA and PRN decreased to 15.17, 14.26, 13.60, 14.51 and 10.39, respectively, and the seroconversion rates remained above 89%. One month after booster immunization, the GMTs of antibodies against DT, TT, PT and FHA in the DTacP-sIPV and DTacP-IPV/Hib groups were 16.49/17.26, 16.80/17.63, 16.70/17.74 and 18.48/19.26, respectively, and the seroconversion rates of these components all reached 100% with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The GMTs of anti-PRN antibody in the DTacP-sIPV and DTacP-IPV/Hib groups were 13.07 and 11.00, and the seroconversion rates were 100% and 88%, which were higher in the DTacP-sIPV group than in the DTacP-IPV/Hib group ( P<0.05). Six months after booster immunization, the GMTs of antibodies against DT, TT, PT, FHA and PRN in the DTacP-sIPV and DTacP-IPV/Hib groups decreased to 15.74/14.87, 15.07/15.14, 14.84/15.73, 16.62/16.37 and 11.44/9.96, respectively, and the seroconversion rates remained above 88%. Conclusions:Booster vaccination with the candidate Tdap vaccine induces humoral immune response following primary immunization with DTacP-sIPV or DTacP-IPV/Hib in the Wistar rat model, while the antibody titer decreases with time.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab monoclonal antibody combined with molecular-targeted therapy in elderly patients with unresectable or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the patients with unresectable/advanced HCC who attended six hospitals from January 1,2019 to March 31,2021,and all patients received camrelizumab monoclonal antibody treatment,among whom 84.8%also received targeted therapy.According to the age of the patients,they were divided into elderly group(≥65 years)and non-elderly group(＜65 years).The two groups were assessed in terms of overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR),and immune-related adverse events(irAE).The chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups;the independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data,and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups.The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis,and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival curves.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine the independent influencing factors for PFS and DCR at 6 months.Results A total of 99 HCC patients were enrolled,with 27 in the elderly group and 72 in the non-elderly group.The elderly group had an OS rate of 67.8%,an ORR of 44.4%,and a DCR of 74.1%at 12 months and a median PFS of 6.4(95%confidence interval[CI]:3.0-12.4)months,with no significant differences compared with the non-elderly group(all P＞0.05).The median OS was unavailable for the elderly group,while the non-elderly group had an OS of 18.9(95%CI:13.0-24.8)months;there was no significant difference between the two groups(P=0.485).The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that major vascular invasion(MVI)was an independent risk factor for PFS(hazard ratio[HR]=2.603,95%CI:1.136-5.964,P=0.024)and DCR(HR=3.963,95%CI:1.671-9.397,P=0.002)at 6 months,while age,sex,etiology of HBV infection,presence of extrahepatic metastasis,Child-Pugh class B,and alpha-fetoprotein＞400 ng/mL were not associated with PFS or DCR at 6 months.For the elderly group,the incidence rates of any irAE and grade 3/4 irAE were 51.9%and 25.9%,respectively,with no significant differences compared with the non-elderly group(P＞0.05),and skin disease was the most common irAE in both groups(39.4%).Conclusion Camrelizumab monoclonal antibody combined with molecular-targeted therapy has similar efficacy and safety in patients with unresectable/advanced HCC aged≥65 years and those aged＜65 years.MVI is associated with suboptimal response to immunotherapy and poor prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo quantify the burden of disease related to high blood pressure in the Chinese population.

METHODSWe used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) in China. Data for mean systolic blood pressure, burden of deaths,Years of Life Lost(YLLs), Years Lived with Disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and relative risk were corrected for regression dilution bias to calculate the population impact fractions and estimate the attributable deaths and DALYs.

RESULTSAmong all the deaths due to cardiovascular diseases and DALYs, 64.0% of them were caused by high blood pressure. In 2010, a total number of 2.043 million deaths were caused by high blood pressure, including 1.154 million males. 2.007 million deaths were due to cardiovascular diseases, 35 000 due to chronic kidney diseases. Deaths caused by high blood pressure accounted for 24.6% of all the deaths. In total, 37.94 million person-years DALYs were caused by high blood pressure, of which 23.33 million person-years were males and 14.61 million person-years were females. There were 2.365 million person-years of YLDs and 35.57 million person-years of YLLs, which both accounted for 12% of the total DALYs.

CONCLUSIONCompared to the global results of GBD 160, on either deaths or DALYs, the proportion attributable to high blood pressure were quite high for a country like China. The health effects caused by high blood pressure seemed to be quite serious which called for attention.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Cost of Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult