Breast ; surgery ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Treatment Outcome

Animals ; Hepatocytes ; transplantation ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; genetics ; surgery ; therapy ; Liver Failure ; surgery

The following measures have been taken with improved teaching effects in our recent practice of lemological teaching Firstly,we adjusted our teaching scope from classical communicable diseases to infectious diseases and brought the newest progress into our contents.Secondly,we adopted rich and colorful teaching methods to boost the students' learning interest.Thirdly,the students' clinical capabilities have been emphasized in our lemological examination.And lastly,multimedia has been employed to display our contents more actively.

Objective To investigate the cognitive impairment characteristics in Parkinson's disease (PD) with mild cognitive impairment(PD-MCI)as well as their related risk factors.Methods In all of the participants, a battery of neuropsychological tests were selected to identify the cognitive deficits; the 2 cognitive screening tests utilized in this study were the MMSE and the CAMCOG-C; the severity of disease was measured using the Hoehn-Yahr;the motor portion of the UPDRS and Webster scale were used to evaluate motor function and PD-MCI were classified according to modified Petersen's criteria.Results Of the 89 PD cases, 56 (63%) were cognitively normal (PDCOGNL), 20 (22%) had MCI and 13 (15%) met criteria for PD dementia (PDD). The cognitive domain abnormal in PD-MCI was orientation, language, memory, attention, praxis, thinking and perception. The PDCOGNL group had no significant differences in age and PD onset versus the PD-MCI group, but had significant difference in the years of education (PD-MCI:4.4±4.3,PDCOGNL:7.1±4.9;q=3.270, P<0.05); PD-MCI also had no significant differences for all of them versus the PDD, but the PDD group had significant differences for them (q=-4.913, -4.997, 4.740,all P<0.01) compared with the PDCOGNL group; there were no significant differences among 3 groups in years of PD duration. Hoehn-Yahr and Webster scale, UPDRS-motor score had negative correlation with PD cognitive function. Conclusions A stage of clinical cognitive impairment in PD can be defined between PDCOGNL and PDD that characterized as PD-MCI. There are multiple domains impaired in PD-MCI. The risk factors of PD cognitive impairment include the elder, later onset and lower education level. There are negative correlation between the severity of disease, motor function and PD cognitive function.

[Objective] To observe the effect of prescription of dredging intestines to dispel heat for enema on serum C-reactive protein content in acute abdomen (AA) induced by pyemia. [Methods] Fifty-seven cases of AA induced by py-emia were randomly allocated to two groups. On the basis of routine operation and application of antibiotics, Group A was treated with prescription of dredging intestines to dispel heat for enema and Group B with saline enema additionally. Therapeutic effect and C-reactive protein content in the two groups were observed and compared. [Results] All the cases in the two groups were cured. C-reactive protein content in Group A were decreased obviously in the 7th day after treatment (P

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Humans ; Trifluralin ; blood

Objective To investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk,undemutrition,overweight/obesi-ty,and apphcation of nutrition support in departments of neurology in 3 metropolitan hospitals in Beijing. Methods Adult patients in the departments of neurology from 3 metropolitan hospitals in Beijing were consecutively en-rolled from March 2005 to March 2006.Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002)score≥3 was defined a8 nu-tritian risk,while body mass index(BMI)<18.5 ks/m2 as undemutrition.NRS2002 was performed on the next morning of admission and nutritional support evaluation was performed on the 14th day of admission or discharge day.The relationship between nutrition risk and nutrition support was analyzed.Results A total of 753 patients were enrolled.NRS2002 scoring results were obtained in 461 patients.The prevalence of undemutrition was 4.2%and nutritional risk Was 21.2%.Among them 292 cases in undemutrition category were estimated by semm albu-min<30g/L without accurate BML If the cases without accurate BMl were excluded,the prevalence of undemutri-tion was 5.4%and nutritional risk Was 10.8%.Twenty-three patients(14.4%)with NRS2002≥3 received nutrition support.Thirteen patients(2.2%)with NRS2002<3 received nutrition support.The average PN:EN ratio Wag 1:2.Conclusions A large proportion of inpatients were at nutritional risk or undemutrition in the de-partments of neurology in metropolitan hospitals in Beijing.The application of nutrition support Wag somehow inap-propriate in these patients.Evidence-based guidelines are required to improve this situation

Aged ; Astragalus Plant ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Salvia miltiorrhiza

Objective To investigate the correlation between the frustration tolerance and personality of medical college students and to discuss its promoting strategies.Methods Totally 460 college students were selected randomly.Questionnaire of frustration tolerance and scale of Eysenck personality inventory(EPQ) were used and the measurement data were compared with correlation analysis and regression analysis of SPSS 13.0.Results Correlation was significant between frustration tolerance (total score and 6 inducing factors) and personality (EPQ factors) of college students ； personality (EPQ factors)of students could predict their frustration tolerance and corresponding t value was -4.85,P ＜ 0.01 (psychoticism),6.93,P ＜ 0.01 (extraversion),-11.15,P ＜ 0.01 (neuroticism).Conclusions Personality of college students are greatly influenced by their frustration tolerance.Targeted anti-frustration ability training should be conducted according to the different personality characteristics.

Objective To compare the effects of remifentanil infused at different rates on median effective target plasma concentration (EC50) of propofol inhibiting responses to laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion and determine the optimum infusion rate of remifentanil when used for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in pediatric patients.Methods Eighty-four ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ pediatric patients,aged 7 months-3 years,scheduled for elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy,were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n =28 each):normal saline group (group C),remifentanil infused at 3 ng· kg-1 ·min-1 group (group R1) and remifentanil infused at 5 ng· kg-1 · min-1 group (group R2).Responses to LMA insertion were defined as body movement and/or bucking during insertion.The initial target plasma concentrations of propofol were 5.2,4.8 and 4.4 μg/ml in groups C,R1 and R2,respectively.The target plasma concentration of propofol was determined by up-and-down sequential allocation.Each time the target plasma concentration increased/decreased by 0.2μg/ml.EC50 and 95 ％ confidence interval of propofol blunting responses to LMA insertion were determined by probit method.Results EC50 (95 ％ confidence interval) of propofol was 5.03 (4.92-5.12) μg/ml,4.71 (4.58-4.84) μg/rnl and 4.46 (4.20-4.94) μg/ml in groups C,R1 and R2,respectively.There was no significant difference in EC50 of propofol between groups R1 and C (P ＞ 0.05).EC50 of propofol was significantly lower in group R2 than in groups C and R1 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The infusion rate of remifentanil should not be lower than 5 ng· kg-1· min-1 when combined with propofol in pediatric patients undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy.