Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tachycardia ; therapy

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanisms of neonatal transplantation tolerance,especially the role of immature immune system and chimerism in tolerance.MethodsF1 ( or GFP-F1 ) mice were bred by crossing male C57BL/6 (or GPF transgenic C57BL/6) and female BALB/c mice. Within 24 h,newborn C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with different doses of splenocytes from F1 or GFP-F1 mice,irradiated spleen cells were used as control.Six weeks later,the mice were subjected to F1 skin grafting,and mixed-lymphocyte reaction was performed to determine their tolerance.Flow analysis was used to detect chimerism.ResultsLiving F1 spleen cells could induce chimerism and neonatal transplantation tolerance,but irradiated cells not.The chimerism in long-term tolerant mice is higher than that in chronic rejected mice,with 6.48％ ±4.02％ vs 1.57％ ±0.89％,the difference is significant in statistical analysis.The degree of neonatal transplantation tolerance is determined by the dosage of donor cells,the mice induced with 3 × 107 F1 spleen cells have 80％ long-term tolerance,but the dose of0.7×107 F1 spleen cells could only prolong allografts survival.ConclusionNeonatal transplantation tolerance is dependent on chimerism,the chimerism of donor cells leads to clonal deletion of alloreactive T cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of one-lung ventilation (OLV) on the occurrence of subcutanous emphysema during retroperitoneal laparoscopic urologic surgery (RPLUS).Methods Twenty-seven ASA Ⅰor Ⅱ patients,aged 29-64 yr,with body mass index 19-25 kg/m2,scheduled for elective RPLUS,were randomly divided into 2 groups:two-lung ventilation (TLV) group (group Ⅰ,n =15) and OLV group (group Ⅱ,n =12).In group Ⅰ,the patients were tracheal intubated and TLV was performed.In group Ⅱ,the left-sided double lumen endobronchial tube was inserted and TLV was performed,OLV on the non-operated side was performed starting from 10-15 min before pneumoperitoneum and TLV resumed at the end of pneumoperitoneum.The end-tidal CO2 partial pressure and minute ventilation volume were measured before pneumoperitoneum (T1),at 30 and 60 min of pneumoperitoneum (T2,3),and at 30 min after the end of pneumoperitoneum (T4).The CO2 absorption capacity was calculated.The degree of pneumoderma was assessed and the occurance of pneumoderma was recorded at the end of pneumoperitoneum.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the CO2 absorption capacity was significantly reduced,and the degree and incidence of pneumoderma were significantly decreased in group Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion OLV on the non-operated side can reduce the CO2 absorption capacity,decrease the degree of subcutaneous emphysema and reduce the occurrence of subcutanous emphysema during pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing RPLUS.

Objective To investigate the daily total fluoride intake in relating to the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in two villages in Jiangsu Province,in order to provide the scientific evidences for the control and prevention of endemic fluorosis.Methods Adults sampled from a high-fluoride Village,Wamiao,and a low-fluoride Village,Xinhuai,were surveyed in this study according to the fluoride concentration in their household shallow well.The average daily total fluoride intake from difierent sources and the skeletal fluorosis were investigated in each subject.Then the subjects from two villages were allocated into five subgroups(＜2.00,2.00～,3.00～,4.00～,≥5.00 mg/d),the relation fluoride intake and prevalence of osteofluorosis was analyzed.Results The prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in Wamiao Village was 31.06%(41/132),but no skeletal fluorosis case(0/35)was found in Xinhuai Village.According to the daily total fluoride intake,subjects with higher daily total fluoride intake tended to associated with a higher prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in a significant dose-response relationship(regression equation:y=2.624-6.855x+3.424x2:r=0.997).The benchmark dose lower limitation of daily total fluoride intake with 95% confidencewas 2.50 mg/d calculated according to this dose-response relationship,the reference dose(RfD)was 2.50 mg/d.In Wamiao Village a significant difference was also found between daily total fluoride intake in 41 subjects[(5.09±1.20)mg/d]with X-ray detectable skeletal fluorosis and in 91 subjects[(3.08±1.12)mg/d]without X-ray detectable skeletal fluorosis(t=-9.32,P＜0.01).Conclusions These findings indicate that the daily total fluoride intake has a significant dose-response relationship with the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis in an endemic fluorosis area associated with high-fluoride drinking water;and the RfD in this study was lower than that in the national standard of"Chinese hygienic standard for daily total fluoride intake(WS/T 87-1996)"(3.50 mg/d).

OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of discs large homolog 4 (DLG4) protein in hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex of rats and evaluate postsynaptic density in heroin dependence. METHODS: The rat heroin dependent model was established by increasing intraperitoneal injection of heroin. DLG4 proteins in hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex of heroin dependent 9, 18, 36 days rats were detected with immunohistochemical staining and compared with that in the control group. RESULTS: DLG4 proteins in hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex were gradually reduced with extension of heroin dependent time. CONCLUSION Heroin dependence can affect postsynaptic density of hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex. The changes become more apparent with extension of heroin dependence time.
Amygdala/metabolism* ; Animals ; Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein ; Frontal Lobe/metabolism* ; Heroin/pharmacology* ; Heroin Dependence ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism* ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of anterior decompression and fusion with a nano-hydroxyapatite/ polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) cage in treating lower cervical fracture and dislocation.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to December 2010, the clinical data of 42 patients with lower cervical fracture and dislocation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 29 males and 13 females aged from 20 to 65 years old. The mean age was 46.8 years. Five cases got injuried in C3, 14 cases in C4, 12 cases in C5, 7 cases in C6 and 4 cases in C7. According to Frankel grade, 4 cases were classified in grade A, 11 cases in grade B, 13 cases in grade C, 9 cases in grade D and 5 cases in grade F. Twenty-eight cases were treated with anterior corpectomy and fusion and 14 cases with anterior discectomy and fusion. Frankel grade was used to do neurologic assessment and visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the improvement of clinical symptoms. Segmental height and sagittal lordosis were measured by radiographs and cage location. Cage appearance and fusion status were assessed by 3D-CT images.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 3 to 5.2 years with an average of 4.1 years. Frankel grade had obviously improved than preoperative (Z = -4.845, P < 0.001). There were 2, 3, 11, 8, 11 cases classified in grade A, grade B, grade C, grade D and grade E respectively. At the third day after operation and latest follow-up,VAS was (2.6 +/- 1.8),(1.3 +/- 1.0) scores respectively. Both had improved than preoperative (P < 0.05). Up to the latest follow-up, there was only one patient (2.4%) with slight cage translocation (less than 2 mm), however, no cage prolapsed, or collapse, or breakage were found. Both segmental height and lordosis improved significantly after surgery (P < 0.001). And there was not significant difference in both parameters between each postoperative time points (P > 0.05). The mean distance of cage subsidence was 1.5 mm and the rate of cage subsidence (> 3 mm) was 4.8%.

CONCLUSIONThe n-HA/PA66 cage can not only restore and maintain the fusion segmental height and radian, but also promote the osseous fusion and profit the radiographic assessment after operation. Thus, it was an ideal material for prop graft.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To observe the in vivo effect of combined iontophoresis and laurocapram pretreatment on transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium gel. METHODS: Diclofenac sodium gel was prepared using polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose sodium and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose. The diclofenac blood level in rabbits was measured in four groups: passive diffusion, laurocapram pretreatment, iontophoresis (current density controlled at 0.3 mA/cm(2)) and combined laurocapram pretreatment and iontophoresis. Rabbit stratum corneum of each of the four groups was examined using a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: Diclofenac blood concentration in the passive diffusion group was undetectable. The diclofenac blood concentration area under the curve compared with time was 8.4 &mgr;l ml(-1) h(-1) in the laurocapram pretreatment group, 2.7 &mgr;l ml(-1) h(-1) in the iontophoresis group and 15.4 &mgr;l ml(-1) h(-1) in the combination group. There was no detectable damage observed by scanning electron microscopyto the stratum corneum after iontophoresis or laurocapram pretreatment. CONCLUSION: The combination of iontophoresis and laurocapram pretreatment appears to enhance transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium gel wi thout significant skin damage.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different spinal rotation manipulations for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSFrom September 2011 to April 2013,180 patients diagnosed as lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into seat fixed rotation group (A), lateral position rotation group (B) and supine position rotation group (C) by using a digital table. Finally 10 patients were excluded and dropped, 170 patients were included in the study. There were 57 patients in group A, 57 patients in group B and 56 patients in group C. Baseline demographic characteristics of patients, clinical findings and indexes of health status had no statistically differences among three groups (P > 0.05). The manipulation was performed every other day, and the treatment duration for all patients was 3 weeks. Body pain (BP), Physical function (PF) in SF-36, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and adverse reactions were observed statistically 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, one year and two years after finishing treatment.

RESULTSBP, PF scores in 3 groups were significantly improved and ODI scores were significantly lower than those before treatment and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); However, there was no significant difference among three groups in the BP, PF and ODI scores (P > 0.05). There were no obvious and serious adverse reactions among these groups.

CONCLUSIONBased on the theory of dislocation of bone joints in TCM, three kinds of spinal rotation manipulations can be used safely for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, and the efficacy was similar.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Manipulation, Spinal ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Rotation ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Animals ; Disease Progression ; Kidney Diseases ; physiopathology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; drug effects ; pathology ; Rats ; Renal Agents ; pharmacology ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; drug effects ; Sclerosis

Animals ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Catalase ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; chemistry ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Serum ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Swine