Animals ; Disease Progression ; Kidney Diseases ; physiopathology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; drug effects ; pathology ; Rats ; Renal Agents ; pharmacology ; Renin-Angiotensin System ; drug effects ; Sclerosis

The infection status of anisakid larvae was examined in 290 marine fish of 25 species and in 108 cephalopods of 3 species purchased in Bayuquan region, Yingko city nearby the coast of the Bohai Sea from may to August 1992. A total of 7,327 larvae were collected from 156 fish of 19 species and 8 squids of one species. The 3rd-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex were collected from 121 fish (63.4%) of 15 species (N = 191) and from 8 squids (14.8%) of one species (N = 54), and they were total, 5,992 (81.8%). Out of remaining 1,335 larvae, 154 (2.1%) were classified as Thynnascaris type B from 23 fish of 4 species, 1,013 (13.8%) as Thynnascaris type C from 79 fish of 13 species. 164 (2.2%) as Hysterothylacium China type V from 20 fish of 4 species, 3 (0.04%) as Raphidascaris from 3 fish of 2 species and one was Pseudoterranova decipiens larva.
Animal ; Anisakiasis/veterinary* ; Anisakiasis/parasitology ; Anisakiasis/epidemiology ; Anisakis/isolation & purification ; Anisakis/classification* ; China ; Fish Diseases/parasitology* ; Fish Diseases/epidemiology ; Fishes ; Larva ; Seawater ; Squid/parasitology*

AIMTo investigate the mechanism of protection by sound conditioning from acoustic trauma.

METHODSSound conditioning experimental model of animals was established. The expression of CaM, HSP70 and F-actin in hair cells were examined with the method of immunohistochemistry. Free calcium concentration in hair cells was observed by LSCM at the same time. Quantitative investigation was devised to assess the changes of F-actin, CaM, HSP70 and intracellular calcium concentration in hair cells.

RESULTSThe expression of CaM, HSP70 and F-actin all showed an increased trend after noise exposure. HSP70 and F-actin expressed significantly more in group CH than that expressed in group H. Compared with group H, the expression of CaM showed an increased trend in group CH. Elevation of intracellular calcium concentration could be resulted from noise exposure. The calcium concentration in group H was significantly higher than that in group C and group CH.

CONCLUSIONA suitable sound conditioning can make the auditory system of guinea pig more resistant to noise trauma. The strengthened cytoskeleton system and the intracellular calcium homeostasis play a critical role in the protective mechanism of sound conditioning.

Acclimatization ; Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Auditory Threshold ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calmodulin ; metabolism ; Cytoskeleton ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; HSC70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Hair Cells, Auditory ; cytology ; metabolism ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; pathology ; Male

AIMTo study the effects of noise on event-related potential(ERP) and its mechanism in hippocampus in rats.

METHODSMale SD rats were divided into 2 groups: control group (CG) and noise exposure group(NG). The rats in NG were exposed to white noise 105 dB SPL for 2.5 h/d x 20 d. P300 were recorded at parietal bone in rats. The Nissl body, NMDAR2B and [Ca2+]i of neurons in hippocampus were analyzed.

RESULTSThe peak latency (PL) of ERP P3a, P3 and P3b in NG were significantly longer than that in CG in the 14th and 20th exposure day. The amount of Nissl body in dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 region and NMDAR2B in DG, CA1 and CA3 region of hippocampus of NG were significantly decreased than those of CG as well, while the concentration of Ca2+ in neurons increased markedly in NG.

CONCLUSIONDecreased Nissl body and NMDAR2B and increased [Ca2+]i in hippocampus in long-term noise exposed rats might cause the change of ERP P300.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; physiology ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; physiology ; Male ; Neurons ; metabolism ; physiology ; Nissl Bodies ; metabolism ; Noise ; adverse effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish a method used for optimization of harvesting time and determine the best time for harvesting Rumex gmelini.

METHODAn HPLC method was applied to determinate the contents of seven active constituents(resveratrol, polydatin, chrysophanol 1-glucoside, nepodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion)of R. gmelini at different development stage. The result was analyzed by principal component analysis.

RESULTThe accumulation of active constituents showed a regular pattern.

CONCLUSIONThe best harvesting time of R. gmelini is early July.

Anthraquinones ; analysis ; Emodin ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Principal Component Analysis ; methods ; Quality Control ; Rumex ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Seasons ; Stilbenes ; analysis

Colectomy ; Colonic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Colonoscopy ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes/pathology* ; Robotic Surgical Procedures

Objective The purpose of this study was to detect the expression of GRHL2 in colorectal cancer ( CRC ) tissues, and to assess the relationship between GRHL2 expression and clinicopathological features. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine GRHL2 in 75 CRC tissues. GRHL2 mRNA and protein levels in the CRC tissues were also analyzed by qRT?PCR and Western blot. The relationship between GRHL2 and clinicopathological features was assessed by Pearson′s chi?square (χ2 ) test. Results Positive immunoreactivity for GRHL2 was detected in the nuclei of CRC cells. GRHL2 expression was increased in CRC tissues compared withthat in the paired non?tumor tissues ( 61. 3% vs. 44.0%, P<0.01) . Moreover, qRT?PCR results showed that the relative expression level of GRHL2 mRNA in the colorectal cancer tissue was (2.64±0.35), significantly higher than that of normal mucosa tissue (1.19± 0.23, P<0.001). The expression level of GRHL2 mRNA was higher in stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients(2.84±0.36) than that of stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ cases(2.31±0.32, P<0.05). Western blot results also showed that the expression level of GRHL2 protein in the colorectal carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal mucosa ( P<0.05) . GRHL2 expression was positively correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and Ki?67( P<0.05, respectively) . Conclusion Taking together, our findings demonstrate that GRHL2 is overexpressed in CRC, and plays an important role in the progression of CRC.

Objective The purpose of this study was to detect the expression of GRHL2 in colorectal cancer ( CRC ) tissues, and to assess the relationship between GRHL2 expression and clinicopathological features. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine GRHL2 in 75 CRC tissues. GRHL2 mRNA and protein levels in the CRC tissues were also analyzed by qRT?PCR and Western blot. The relationship between GRHL2 and clinicopathological features was assessed by Pearson′s chi?square (χ2 ) test. Results Positive immunoreactivity for GRHL2 was detected in the nuclei of CRC cells. GRHL2 expression was increased in CRC tissues compared withthat in the paired non?tumor tissues ( 61. 3% vs. 44.0%, P<0.01) . Moreover, qRT?PCR results showed that the relative expression level of GRHL2 mRNA in the colorectal cancer tissue was (2.64±0.35), significantly higher than that of normal mucosa tissue (1.19± 0.23, P<0.001). The expression level of GRHL2 mRNA was higher in stage Ⅲ?Ⅳ patients(2.84±0.36) than that of stage Ⅰ?Ⅱ cases(2.31±0.32, P<0.05). Western blot results also showed that the expression level of GRHL2 protein in the colorectal carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal mucosa ( P<0.05) . GRHL2 expression was positively correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and Ki?67( P<0.05, respectively) . Conclusion Taking together, our findings demonstrate that GRHL2 is overexpressed in CRC, and plays an important role in the progression of CRC.

BACKGROUNDChronic liver disease causes aberrant formation of fibrous tissue that impedes normal liver function, ultimately resulting in liver cirrhosis. Iron uptake can occur within the hepatic parenchyma or within the various nodules that form in a cirrhotic liver, termed siderotic nodules (SN). We aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) for detection of SN in patients with liver cirrhosis, and to evaluate the potential of SN numbers for assessing the degree of hepatic iron deposition, liver function, and liver fibrosis stage.

METHODSNinety-one patients with chronic liver cirrhosis, who underwent megnetic resonance imagine (MRI) scanning in our department between November 2010 and April 2011, were included in the study. A 3.0T MRI scanner was used to acquire T1WI, T2WI, T2WI, and SWI images. The number of nodules, signal intensity ratio (SIR), and contrast noise ratio (CNR) were recorded and analyzed by chi-square and ANOVA statistical tests. Correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlations between the number of SN and Child-Pugh classification, ferritin and hyaluronic acid levels.

RESULTSThe sensitivity of SWI, T1WI, T2WI, and T2 WI for detecting SN was 62.5%, 12.1%, 24.2% and 41.8%, respectively. SWI detected significantly more nodules than routine T1WI, T2WI, and T2 WI procedures (P < 0.05). The SIR was the lowest in SWI (0.361 ± 0.209), as compared to T1WI (0.852 ± 0.163), T2WI (0.584 ± 0.172), and T2 WI (0.497 ± 0.196). The CNR was the highest in SWI (13.932 ± 5.637), as compared to T1WI (9.147 ± 5.785), T2WI (9.771 ± 5.490), and T2 WI (11.491 ± 4.573). The correlation coefficients of the number of SN with ferritin, Child-Pugh classification, and hyaluronic acid levels were 0.672, -0.055, and 0.163, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe sensitivity and contrast of SWI for detecting SN in patients with liver cirrhosis are higher than conventional MRI. The number of SN can help to assess the degree of iron deposition in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Adult ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Female ; Ferritins ; blood ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; blood ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUNDNoninvasive detection of vulnerable plaque has a significant implication for prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference between vulnerable plaques and stable plaques in magnetic resonance (MR) images.

METHODSAtherosclerosis was induced in twenty male New Zealand white rabbits by high cholesterol diet and balloon injury of the abdominal aorta. After baseline (pre-triggering) MR imaging (MRI) scan, the rabbits underwent pharmaceutical triggering with Russell's viper venom and histamine to induce atherothrombosis, followed by another MRI scan 48 hours later (post-triggering). Rabbits were euthanized to obtain pathological and histological data. The results of MRI were compared with those of pathology and histology.

RESULTSMRI showed that abdominal aorta of the rabbits had pathological change of atherosclerosis in different degrees. Seventy-five plaques were analysed, among which 14 had vulnerable thrombi and 61 stable. Thrombosis was identified in 7 of 11 rabbits by post-triggering MRI, the sensitivity and K value of MR in detection of vulnerable plaque was 71% and 0.803 (P < 0.05). MRI data significantly correlated with the histopathological data in fibrous cap thickness (r = 0.749) plaque area (r = 0.853), lipid core area (r = 0.900). Compared with stable plaques, vulnerable plaques had a significantly thinner fibrous cap ((0.58 ± 0.27) mm vs. (0.95 ± 0.22) mm), larger lipid core area ((7.56 ± 2.78) mm(2) vs. (3.29 ± 1.75) mm(2)), and a higher ratio of lipid core area/plaque area ((55 ± 16)% vs. (27 ± 17)%), but plaque area was comparable in two groups on MRI. The ratio of lipid core area/plaque area was a strong predictor of vulnerable plaques.

CONCLUSIONMRI could distinguish vulnerable plaques from stable plaques in a rabbit model of atherothrombosis and may thus be useful as a noninvasive modality for detection of vulnerable plaques in humans.

Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; pathology ; Rabbits ; Thrombosis ; diagnosis