Objective To study the impact of the high temperature and muggy weather on the people’s life and work. Methods The data of summer temperature and relative humidity (Jun-Aug) from 1971 to 2000 and that of 2006 were used and the characteristic of muggy weather and distribution in main cities, Chengdu, Guangyuan, Yibing, Suining and Dazhou in Sichuan basin were compared, the influence of the thermal environment on people comfort degree was evaluated by using temperature-humidity index. Results 177 high temperature days, 17 high temperature processes, 167 muggy weather days and 12 muggy processes were seen in 5 cities in Sichuan basin in the summer of 2006. The thermal environment of Chengdu and Dazhou mainly manifested the lighter heat, heat and lower comfort degree. At 2 p.m., the relative humidity weakened the comfort degree in Chengdu, but enhanced it in Dazhou. The duration of non-comfort degree in Dazhou was longer than that in Chengdu. Conclusion The relative humidity has a strong impact on people comfort degree and the combined use of temperature and relative humidity will be useful to evaluate the city thermal environment and people comfort degree.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and complications of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA ) for the treatment of macular edema caused by pre-retinal membrane of the macular.
METHODS: Totally 23 patients ( 24 eyes ) with macular edema caused by pre-retinal membrane of the macular were treated withintravitreal injection of 4mg TA. Best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , slit - lamp examination, fundus fluorescein angiography ( FFA ) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed before and after treatment. The SPSS 12. 0 software was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: After 10, 30, 90d of treatment of TA, as compared with before treatment, visual acuity improved significantly ( P<0. 05 ), and central macular thickness (CMT) was significantly thinner (P<0. 01). The average central macular thickness decreased from 522 ± 126μm before treatment to 264±115μm, 245±128μm, 286±131μm at 10, 30, 90d after treatment. Macular edema reduced. IOP increased in 7 eyes ( 29%) , one cataract case, no other complications associated with vitreous injection.
CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of TA in the treatment of macular edema caused by pre - retinal membrane of the macular is simple, safe and easy to operate. It can quickly reduce macular edema, and improve the visual acuity in the short term. Part of patients may recur after injection in the first half of the year.

Objective To investigate clinical features and prognostic factors in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with opportunistic infections.Methods Forty-two cases of AIDS patients with opportunistic infections were enrolled in this study.Clinical data and major factors affecting the prognosis were analyzed using Logistic regression.Results Bacterial infection was the first etiological factor(57.1%) of opportunistic infections in AIDS patients.Eighty-three point three percent of patients infected with more than two kind of etiological agents.Fifty-seven point one per- cent of cases were infected in multiple sites.CD4~+ T cells count was associated with the opportunistic infections.Conclusions The CD4~- T lymphocytes count is the key factor affecting the prognosis of AIDS patients with opportunistic infections.The average of CD4~+ T lymphocytes count is significant- ly related with the major opportunistic infections in AIDS paitents.

Objective To investigate the influence of atosiban on the pregnancy outcome in patients with repeated implantation failure(RIF)in blastcyst thawed embryo transfer(bTET) Methods From January 2014 to December 2015,a total of 262 RIF patients undergoing bTET were retrospectively studied. They were divided into study group with a single bolus dose (6.75 mg/0.9 mL,iv) of atosiban before bTET (n = 94),and control groupwithout atosiban(n = 168). Results The clinical pregnancy rate(57.41%),implantation rate(38.41%) and living-birth rate(46.81%) of study group were significantly higher than those of control group (41.12%, 28.32% and 33.93% respectively;P < 0.05). Although the abortion rate of study group was higher than that of control group(14.82% vs 13.04%),both the ectopic pregnancy rate(3.70%) and the multiple pregnancy rate (16.67%) were lower than those of control group(5.79% and 17.39%),and there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion Atosiban treatment before embryo transfer may improve pregnancy outcomes of RIF patients in bTET.

12E7 Antigen ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; pathology ; Carcinosarcoma ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cystectomy ; methods ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Osteosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Ureter ; surgery ; Ureteral Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestations and possible gene mutation sites of Chinese patients in order to improve the clinician's understanding of CHARGE syndrome. Methods Clinical data were collected and blood samples were obtained from the proband of CHARGE syndrome and their relatives. The peripheral blood DNA was extracted and sequenced by PCR amplification. Mutation sites were verified by Sanger sequencing. Results For the first proband, a heterozygous mutation was detected in the intron 10 of CHD7 gene. His parents and brother did not have mutation. For the second proband, total repeat sequence in exon 7 of CHD7 gene was detected. His father carried the same mutation and his mother did not have mutation. Conclusion For the patients who are diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome based on the clinical manifestations, genetic mutation detection should be proceeded. It is useful for studying possible genetic pathogenesis and enhancing the awareness of clinicians.

This study aims to explore and analyze the condition of concurrent diseases and medicine use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine among the patients with insomnia. One thousand and sxity seven cases of data from 20 national hospitals' hospital information system (HIS) databases were collected. The frequent concurrent diseases included hypertension (26.9%), brain blood supply insufficiency (24.93%), cerebral infarction (19.49%), blood lipoprotein disturbance (15.28%), coronary heart disease (14.15%), headache (10.68%), chronic gastritis (8.81%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (7.87%), depressive disorder (7.4%) and anxiety disorder (6.65%). The 10 most frequently-used western drugs included alprazolam (35.99%), aspirin (25.4%), olanzapine (24.18%), cinepazide (23.06%), flupentixol & melitracen (18.74%), zolpidem (18.37%), oxiracetam (15.65%), estazolam (15%), aniracetam (13.4%) and piracetam (13.31%). The 10 most frequently-used TCM included Shuxuening injection (16.4%), Shuxuetong injection (15.18%), extract of ginkgo biloba leaf (14.71%), gastrodin (12.46%), Dengzanxixin injection (11.34%), Xueshuantong (8.53%), Danhong injection (6.37%), compound liquorice tablet (5.81%), Sanqi Tongshu capsule (5.72%) and sowthistle-leaf ixeridium injection (5.34%). Among all combined uses, the most frequent western drug use was alprazolam and olanzapine, while combined use of hypnotic drug and Huoxuehuayu formula is the most frequent. This study concludes that the concurrent diseases mainly include cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, metabolic disorders and anxiety-depression disorders, with increasing tendency of diseases types by ages, especially for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. The most frequently-used hypnotic is alprazolam in the insomnia patients, and it is worth being concerned about the off-label use of olanzapine as an antipsychotic for the treatment of insomnia However, due to the fact that all cases data are from the inpatients, these findings have some limitations.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alprazolam ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Anxiety Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antipsychotic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzodiazepines ; therapeutic use ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Headache ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; complications ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To study the injury and protective action of drugs on neurons, the model of glutamate excitotoxicity on primary cultured hippocampual neurons from new born rats were( set up. Methods)By use of trypan blue dye staning and testing the lactate dehydrogenase leakage from cultured neurons, to investigate the neuron survival rate. Results We found the injury of neurons was related with the concentration of glutamate. NMDAR non-competitive antagonist —MK-801 could protect the glutamate excitotoxic damage on neurons. Conclusion The glutamate results in neuron injury through NMDAR; the model of neuron culture was sufficient for glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.

Objective To investigate the potential value of MR dynamic contrast enhanced imaging (DCE)in predicting short-term effects of(chemo-)radiation therapy on cervical cancers in vivo.Methods Thirty-two patients pathologically diagnosed as cervical cancers received MR-DCE scan before therapy.The following scans were taken at the 2nd to 3rd week after the radiation or(and)chemotherapy initiated,to calculate early size change.The fourth scan was performed within one month after the therapy to judge residues.DCE derived parameters include mean time to enhancement(MTE),positive enhancement integral (PEI),time to peak(TTP),maximum slope of increase(MSI)and maximum slope of decrease(MSD).Size and DCE parameters were compared and analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and Spearman teat Results There are 20 cases in non-residue group and 12 cases in residue group.In non-residue group,the maximal lengths in both horizontal and craniocaudal directions[(47.45±13.76)mm and(38.75±10.69)mm]were smaller than that in residue group [(61.08±13.73)mm and(53.67±16.05)mm],with statistical significance(Z=-2.455 and-2.650 respectively,P＜0.05).PEI in low-enhance areas of non-residue group(0.62±0.25)was significantly higher than that in residue group(0.39±0.14)(Z=-2.919,P＜0.05).At early time after radiation started,length changing rate and volume changing rate had medium to strong negative correlations with MSI in hish-enhance areas(r=-0.577 and-0.723 respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusions For cervical cancers,those with larger lengths and lower PEI in low-enhanced areas tend to have tumor residue when radiation therapy completed.Those low MSI in high-enhance areas tend to shrink quickly.It is suggested that volume and parameters of DCE before(chemo-)radiation therapy have the potential in predicting short-term therapeutic effect.

r study.