Corynebacterium glutamicum SA001 is a mutant with lactate dehydrogenase (ldhA) deletion. In order to increase metabolic flux from isocitrate to succinate, and to improve the production of succinate under anaerobic conditions,we transducted the gene aceA coding isocitrate lyase (ICL) from Escherichia coli K12 into Corynebacterium glutamicum SA001 (SA001/pXMJ19-aceA). After 12 h aerobic induction by adding 0.8 mmol/L of IPTG, the recombinant strain was transferred to anaerobic fermentation for 16 h. Succinate reached 14.84 g/L, with a productivity of 0.83 g/(L x h). Compared to C. glutamicum SA001, the activity of ICL of the recombinant strain was increased 5.8-fold, and the succinate productivity was increased 48%. Overexpression of isocitrate lyase will increase the metabolic flux of glyoxylate bypass flowing to succinate.
Corynebacterium glutamicum ; genetics ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; enzymology ; genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Industrial Microbiology ; Isocitrate Lyase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; Succinic Acid ; metabolism ; Transduction, Genetic

Educational Measurement ; Humans ; Inservice Training ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnosis ; Reference Standards

Objective To evaluate the various patterns of hepatic perfusion disorders with multi-slice spiral CT and to emphasize the significance of recognition for them . Methods In a period of 1 year, the all CT images of 1568 patients received multi-slice spiral CT examination of upper abdomen were analyzed retrospectively. The CT findings, etiologies and mechanisms of different pattens of hepatic perfusion disorders were investigated. Results 103 cases were demonstrated to have hepatic perfusion disorders. 69 cases were associated with tumors and the other 34 cases were non-tumor associated. The etiologies of various hepatic perfusion disorders were classified as (1)arterioportal fistulae(41.7%), (2) portal venous inflow obstruction(23.3%), (3) inflammartory hyperemic changes(17.5%), (4) steal phenomenon by hypervascular tumors(6.8%), (5) hepatic venous outflow obstruction(4.9%), (6) aberrant hepatic blood supply (3.9%) and (7) uncertain causes(1.9%). There was significant correlation between the CT images of perfusion disorders in shape and distribution and the causes of them. Conclusion Multi-slice spiral CT provides a new effective technique for demonstrating and understanding various hepatic perfusion disorders. Familiarity with the spiral CT appearances of these perfusion disorders will result in more accurate evaluation for various pathologic or physiologic states reflected by them.

Objective To investigate the survival rate, voiding, sexual function after nerve-sparing surgery with extended systematic extraperitoneal lateral lymphadenectomy in lower rectal cancer. Methods Three hundreds and ninety-two cases with advanced lower rectal cancer who underwent nerve-sparing surgery with radical dissection from 1996 to 2000 were reviewed. Among them,173 cases only cleared in abdominal cavity,219 cases coupled with extraperitoneal lateral lymphadenectomy. Results The metastatic rate of lateral lymph node was 17.8%(39/219),the rate of non-modal foci of metastatic disease in lateral out of the abdominal cavity was 5.9%(13/219).Local recurrence rate, the abdominal cavity group was 16.2%(28/173); the coupled group was 9.6%(21/219), P

Objective To study the technique of modified multi-slice spiral CT aniography(MSCTA) for displaying the whole length of the carotid arteries and the origin of the vertebral arteries,and to evaluate its clinical value.Methods A total of 152 patients underwent modified MSCTA of extracranial carotid artery which scanned from skull base to aortic arch with contrast medium injected from the femoral vein, the image quality and the detection of lesions were assessed in comparison with that of DSA in a few of cases. Results (1) The jugular vein was displayed in 4 cases, only accounting for 2.63%. (2) The carotid segments including the proximal common carotid artery(CCA), the middle CCA, the carotid bifurcation, the internal carotid artery(ICA) bulb and the distal ICA could be visualized adequately by MSCTA,the showing rates were 97.69%,97.69%,97.69%,95.62% and 97.64%,respectively. Furthermore, moderate or severe stenosis detected by MSCTA in 17 cases was closely corresponding with the results of DSA. Conclusion Modified MSCTA of extracranial carotid artery can display the whole length of extracranial carotid artery and the origin of the vertebral arteries satisfactorily without the interference of the jugular, subclavian and innominate veins, and can improve its clinical application.

ObjectiveTo explore the role of ssomatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in evaluating and predicting the lower limb motor function of patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods19 patients (13 male, 6 female) with acute cerebral infarction diagnosed according to the standard of Chinese Classifications of the Cerebral Vascular Disease were chosen as the case group and 18 patients (11 male, 7 female) with non-nerve system injury were taken as the control group. All patients of two groups were received SEP test within 7 days after onset and latency and amplitude values of SEP of two groups were compared. To the case group, SEP was tested again at 30th day after admission, the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) was also carried out at same times of two SEP tests, and the correlation of SEP and FMA scores was analyzed.ResultsThe difference of latency and amplitude value of SEP test between the case group and control group was significantly (P<0.01). The latency value of SEP in lower limb was correlated with FMA scores (P<0.01). But the amplitude value was no difference between the onset and 30th day after admission in the case group.ConclusionSEP is sensitive in the acute stage of stroke. SEP has significant value for predicting the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction and correlates with the clinical FMA scores. The value of amplitude is not sensitive.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of different methods of drainage tube and catheter drainage in the treatment of intraventricular hematoma.MethodsThe analysis was conducted in 83 cases,who were randomly divided into two groups,the treatment group with 48 cases adopting lateral venticle catheterization combined with bulletshaped tube,and the control group with 35 cases adopting conventional catheterization.The contrasted study was conducted on the clearance rate of cerebroventricular hematoma and the effect of the different drainages.ResultsThe clearance rate in treatment group was 27.1％ ( 13/48 ),50.0％ (24/48),14.6％ (7/48),at the time of ＜ 24h,24 ～72h,＞ 72h after the operation,and 5.7 ％ ( 2/35 ),17.1％ ( 6/35 ),48.6％ ( 17/35 ) in the control group.It showed statistical significance(x2 =6.2425,9.4678,11.3757,all P ＜0.01 ).The cases with type Ⅰ of ADL stage in treatment group (47.9％)were more than control group( x2 =6.8347,P ＜0.01 ).The morbidity in treatment group was 12.5％,which was lower than control group( x2 =6.9636,P ＜0.01 ).ConclusionThe lateral venticle catheterization drainage combined with bullet-shaped tube could avoid the obstruction,reduce the morbidity,and improve the therapeutic effect.

Objective To study the surgical techniques of the extended subfrontal epidual approach to resect chordoma in skull base.Methods 18 cases of chordoma in skull base treated mierosurgically were analyzed retrospectively.Results Total resection were achieved in 15 patients(83%),gross resection in 3 patients(17%).There was no complication in all cases.Conclusion The microsurgery for chordoma in skull base via the extended subfrontal epidual approach is of the benefits such as clear and wide fields of vision,and minimize brain trauma.Lumber drain placement and the skull base reconstruction could improve the rate of total tumor removal and reduce complications.

Spices have enjoyed a long history and a worldwide application. Of particular interest is the pharmaceutical value of spices in addition to its basic seasoning function in cooking. Concretely, equipped with complex chemical compositions, spices are of significant importance in pharmacologic actions, like antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, as well as therapeutical effects in gastrointestinal disorders and cardiovascular disease. Although increasing evidences in support of its distinct role in the medical field has recently reported, little information is available for substantive, thorough and sophisticated researches on its chemical constituents and pharmacological activities, especially mechanism of these actions. Therefore, in popular wave of studies directed at a single spice, this review presents systematic studies on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities associated with common used spices, together with current typical individual studies on functional mechanism, in order to pave the way for the exploitation and development of new medicines derived from the chemical compounds of spice (such as, piperine, curcumin, geniposide, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, linalool, estragole, perillaldehyde, syringic acid, crocin).
Anti-Infective Agents ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Cardiovascular System ; drug effects ; Digestive System ; drug effects ; Spices ; analysis ; toxicity

This study examined the osteogenic effect of electromagnetic fields (EMF) under the simulated in vivo conditions. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and rat osteoblasts were co-cultured and exposed to 50 Hz, 1.0 mT EMF for different terms. Unexposed single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were set as controls. Cell proliferation features of single-cultured BMSCs and osteoblasts were studied by using a cell counting kit (CCK-8). For the co-culture system, cells in each group were randomly chosen for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining on the day 7. When EMF exposure lasted for 14 days, dishes in each group were randomly chosen for total RNA extraction and von Kossa staining. The mRNA expression of osteogenic markers was detected by using real-time PCR. Our study showed that short-term EMF exposure (2 h/day) could obviously promote proliferation of BMSCs and osteoblasts, while long-term EMF (8 h/day) could promote osteogenic differentiation significantly under co-cultured conditions. Under EMF exposure, osteogenesis-related mRNA expression changed obviously in co-cultured and single-cultured cells. It was noteworthy that most osteogenic indices in osteoblasts were increased markedly after co-culture except Bmp2, which was increased gradually when cells were exposed to EMF. Compared to other indices, the expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was increased sharply in both single-cultured and co-cultured groups when they were exposed to EMF. The mRNA expression of Bmp2 in BMSCs was approximately four times higher in 8-h EMF group than that in the unexposed group. Our results suggest that Bmp2-mediated cellular interaction induced by EMF exposure might play an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.