Objective To investigate the causes of re-fractures of non fracture vertebral body after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Methods 512 patients (618 vertebral bodies) treated with PKP because of osteoporosis VCFs were recruited from June 2010 to June 2014.There were 107 males (121 vertebral bodies) and 405 females (497 vertebral bodies) with the mean age of 70.38±7.59 years old (51 to 91 years).There were 406 single segment fracture and 106 double segment fractures cases,and the fracture segments were T4 to L5.The T value of the patients' bone mineral density (BMD) was from-1.0 to-5.2 SD.The clinic characteristics of all the patients including age,sex,body weight,body height,body mass index (BMI),BMD score of the spine,volume of bone cement,restoration rate of anterior/middle vertebral height,postoperative complications (pulmonary embolism,bone cement leakage,nerve injury),and treated vertebral level were analyzed.Results 52 patients (10.16％,52/512) experienced refractures of non fracture vertebral body after kyphoplasty,and 4 experienced re-fracture of the fracture vertebral body after kyphoplasty.The average age of the 52 patients was 71.88±7.74 years old,meanwhile,the ratio of female was 94.23％ (49/52),the mean T value of BMD-4.03±0.60 SD,the ratio of initial double segment fractures 51.92％ (27/52).In addition,among the 456 cases with no fracture,the average age was 70.21±7.56 years,the ratio of female was 77.19％ (352/456);the mean T value of BMD was-2.89±0.55 SD;the ratio of initial double segment fractures was 17.32％(79/456).The data above (age,T value of BMD and initial double segment fractures) were all with statistical significant differences.Whereas the BMI,volume of bone cement,intervertebral disc leakage and restoration rate of anterior/middle vertebral height had no significant difference between the two groups.Furthermore,in the re-fracture of non fracture vertebral body group,32 cases (61.54％,32/52) were nonadjacent fractures,and 20 (38.46％,20/52) were adjacent fractures.Conclusion Osteoporosis degree,female and initial double segment fractures were major risk factors in the development of re-fracture of non fracture vertebral body after PKP.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of preoperative full reset combined with minimally invasive treatment of extreme distal pilon fractures.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 34 patients (35 ankles) with tibial fractures extremely close to the distal articular surface treated surgically between January 2011 and January 2015.There were 21 mnales and 13 females,aged 20-71 years (mean,36.2 years).Injury resulted from traffic accidents in 32 patients and high falls in two.Using the AO/OTA fracture classification system,type 43-B3 was noted in three patients,43-C1 in five patients,43-C2 in 18 patients and 43-C3 in eight patients.Calcaneal traction combined with manipulative reduction was used to correct fracture displacement preoperatively.All fractures were stabilized by minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) through single or combined medial,anteromedial and anterolateral approaches while minimizing damage to bone attachment and continuity of soft tissue,after soft tissue swelling subsided.For the patients with articular surface collapsing with severe comminution,a series of procedures were done under direct vision including using the talus articular surface as a mold,stable fixation with fine Kirschner (1-1.5 mm) and thin screws (2.1-2.7 mm series) and impaction bone grafting below subchondral bone.Thereafter,distal tibia anatomical short multi-directional locking plate fixation,distal nail support and early ankle joint functional exercise were done.Burwell-Charnley radiological evaluation system was used for radiological assessment,and TeenyWiss scoring system for ankle clinical symptoms and function.Postoperative complications were recorded.Results Follow-up lasted for 11-38 months (mean,16.6 months).No infection,wound disunion,or plate exposure occurred.Burwell-Charnley radiological evaluation system showed anatomic reduction in 32 patients,unsatisfactory reduction in one,and poor reduction in one.According to the Teeny-Wiss scoring system,the results were excellent in 31 patients,good in two and poor in one,with the excellentgood rate of 97％.Three patients suffered traumatic arthritis after operation and alleviated after oral administration of painkiller.Conclusion With use of full reset combined with manipulative reduction to correct fracture displacement,minimally invasive locking plate,distal row of nails,impaction bone grafting and limited fixation,the patients with extremely distal tibial pilon fractures achieve satisfactory reduction,stable fixation,and early functional exercise.

OBJECTIVETo isolate and cultivate human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).

METHODSPulp tissue was removed from healthy young human teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes. The pulp was digested by Type I collagenase and dispase. Then single-cell suspensions were obtained by filter and cultivated. The clones were identified by expression of STRO-1. Under the conditions of inducement, clones were identified by activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), formation of mineralized nodule and expression of dentin sialoprotein (DSP), and by Oil Red-O dyeing and expressing of PPARr2.

RESULTSThe clones had positive expression of STRO-1. When stimulated to differentiation, these cells took on dramatically high activity of ALP, had the ability of mineralization and expressed DSP. These cells also had ability to trans-differentiate into adipocytes.

CONCLUSIONThere are stem cells in human dental pulp tissues, which can be isolated and cultivated.

Adult ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Dental Pulp ; cytology ; Humans ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo construct fluorescent eukaryotic cell expression vector with human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (hBMP-7) gene and to transfect mouse stromal cell line W-20-17 to detect the bioactivity of pEGFP-hBMP-7 in vitro.

METHODSpEGFP-hBMP-7 plasmid was constructed by subcloning technique and identified by enzyme cutting and electrophoresis. W-20-17 cells were transfected with pEGFP-hBMP-7 by means of lipofectamine-2000 media methods. Transfection efficiency and gene expression were evaluated by fluorescent microscopy. ALP, von Kossa and osteocalcin (OC) were tested to determined the phenotypes of osteoblast.

RESULTSAfter 48 hours, the gene transfection efficiency was 40%. Based on GFP and immunofluorescence of pEGFP-hBMP-7, there was the expression of aim gene. After gene transfection, there were not significant different of cell morphology feature and cell proliferation. ALP activity, the number of calcium nodules and the expression of OC increased.

CONCLUSIONSpEGFP-hBMP-7 with bioactivity was constructed, which could induce W-20-17 cells to differentiate to osteoblasts.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Osteogenesis ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo summarize the resectable rate of advanced gastric cancer characterized by abdominal lymph node metastases with the arteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy plus appropriate nutritional support.

METHODSArteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy was administered to 50 patients of gastric cancer with advanced abdominal lymph node metastases. Of the 50 patients, 42 had never received any previous therapy and preoperative CT scanning revealed unresectable tumors because of advanced lymph node (station No.3, 7, 9, 12) or distant lymph node (No.14,16) metastases. The other 8 were characterized with relapse of severe lymph node metastases or with unresectable lymph node metastases demonstrated by exploratory laparotomy. Arteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy was conducted as follows: from day 1 to day 5, 5-FU 370 mg/m(2) and leukovorin 30 mg/kg intravenously, at day 6 and day 20, CDDP 70 mg/m(2) and epotoside 70 mg/m(2) intraarterially. This FLEOX regimen was repeated every five weeks for two or three courses. Out of the 50 patients,12 malnutritional cases received parenteral and/or enteral nutritional support according to the nutritional condition. Arteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy was then administered after the improvement of nutritional state. Their nutritional support methods were adapted to their chemotherapy as well.

RESULTSAll the patients' general conditions and symptoms were improved significantly. For the 50 cases, the imageological and histological response rate (CR+PR) was 84.0%, and curative resection rate was 78.0%. Thus, 39 patients underwent subtotal or total gastrectomy, even combined organ resection, with D(2)+alpha or D(3) lymphadenectomy. Despite neoadjuvant chemotherapy, all malnutritional cases had significant weight gain after nutritional support, and other nutritional indexes,such as serum albumin, also resumed to normal.

CONCLUSIONArteriovenous neoadjuvant FLEOX chemotherapy proves favorable therapeutic effect for gastric cancer with advanced abdominal lymph node metastases, and downstages inoperable metastatic lymph nodes for radical operation. This combined modality regimen and nutritional support may play an important role in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; methods ; Nutritional Support ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of FXR on scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) expression.

METHODSHuman vascular endothelium Eahy926 cells were treated with FXR agonist androsterone, and the specific target gene of FXR SHP mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. SR-BI mRNA and protein were determined using RT-PCR, real-time PCR and Western blotting.

RESULTSThe level of SHP mRNA in Eahy926 cells increased after androsterone treatment at different concentrations for 24 h, demonstrating FXR activation in the cells. RT-PCR, real-time PCR and Western blotting detected increased SR-BI expression at both mRNA and protein levels after FXR activation.

CONCLUSIONFXR increases the expression of SR-BI in human vascular endothelium cells.

Androsterone ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; agonists ; metabolism ; Scavenger Receptors, Class B ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on mineralization potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC).

METHODSRat DPSC were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into three groups, IL-1β (10 µg/L), osteogenic inductive medium and non-osteogenic inductive medium. After 3, 7, and 12 days of treatment, the cultures were evaluated for cell proliferation and calcium deposit. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the gene expression levels of osteocalcin (OC), bone sialoprotein (BSP), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1). In vivo test, after 3 day's treatment with IL-1β, the cell-scaffold complexes were implanted subcutaneously in mice for 8 weeks. Histological analysis was performed to evaluate hard tissue formation.

RESULTSIn vitro test, after 3-day's treatment, IL-1β improved cell proliferation to 137.22 DNA µg/L and cell viability becomes (97.12 ± 7.18)% of control. The gene expression levels of OC, BSP, DSPP and DMP-1 are (378.19 ± 16.22)%, (427.12 ± 18.22)%, (247.19 ± 10.11)% and (198.29 ± 10.23)% respectively. The results of IL-1β's group was notable increased compared with non-osteogenic induction medium and the statistical differences are significant. IL-1β induced the odontogenic differentiation of DPSC. However, these effects tended to continuously decrease with treatment time. Histological analysis demonstrated that in the group treated with IL-1β hard tissue was markedly formed in vivo.

CONCLUSIONSIL-1β may induce the mineralization of DPSC and play an important role in host defenses and tissue repair.

Animals ; Calcification, Physiologic ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dental Pulp ; cytology ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Osteocalcin ; metabolism ; Phosphoproteins ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sialoglycoproteins ; metabolism

The purpose of this study was to establish a model of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) through an approach from lower edge of cheekbone and to observe the functional changes in the voltage-gated potassium currents in the cultured trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into two groups, the sham-operated (sham) group and the operated group. The TN model was carried out by using a chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (ION-CCI) from lower edge of cheekbone. Peripheral pain threshold test and whole-cell patch clamp recording were used to determine the difference between sham and ION-CCI rats. The withdrawal threshold of whisker pad in operated side of ION-CCI rat was decreased significantly from 6 d after operation and then maintained until 21 d, with the lowest on the 15th day. The threshold of whisker pad in non-operated side of operated rats was also decreased significantly compared with that in the sham group. Delayed rectifier potassium current (I(K)) in cultured ION-CCI TG neurons was decreased significantly compared with that in the sham group. Transient outward potassium currents (I(A)) in both operated and non-operated sides of TG neurons from ION-CCI rats were also reduced significantly compared with that in the sham group. The present study provided a new method of ION-CCI. In this model, the decrease of I(A) and I(K) might contribute, at least in part, to the decrease in mechanical pain threshold of whisker pad and the subsequent hyperalgia.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Constriction ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hyperalgesia ; Male ; Pain Threshold ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Trigeminal Ganglion ; metabolism ; Trigeminal Neuralgia ; physiopathology ; Vibrissae

From the three perspectives, skin stress response, medication-acupoint effect and neuroendocrine-immune system, this article discussed the action mechanism of vesiculation moxibustion therapy, to provide scientific evidence for the development of this therapy and to enhance its therapeutic efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of endoscopic thyroidectomy through breast milk approach in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and its influence on Wnt and integrin signaling pathways.Methods:A total of 136 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma in our hospital from Jul. 2018 to Mar. 2020 were selected and were hospitalized for surgical treatment. According to different surgical procedures, they were divided into a study group (68 cases) and a control group (68 cases) . The control group was treated with open thyroidectomy and the study group was treated with thoracoscopic thyroidectomy. The two groups were compared in terms of immune function [CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+], and pain index [PGE2, IL-6, Cor and VAS score]. RT-PCR method was used to detect WNT1, β-catenin, GSK3β and integrin Signal pathway before and after surgery.Results:Three days after operation, compared with the control group, the study group had significantly higher CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels [ (27.62±2.52) vs (24.63±2.67) , (0.66±0.18) vs (0.52±0.13) ], while the CD8+ level was significantly lower [ (41.62±3.54) vs (45.62±3.63) ] ( P<0.001) ; PGE2, IL-6, Cor, VAS of the study group were significantly lower than the control group [ (48.54±9.86) vs (57.21±8.12) , (5.13±0.71) vs (6.99±0.95) , (511.23±67.52) vs (633.12±71.47) , (1.26±0.56) vs (3.99±2.06) ] ( P<0.001) ; WNT1, β-catenin, GSK3β, integrin β1, FAK, Ras, and MAPK mRNA expression levels in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group[ (1.79±0.15) vs (2.85±0.25) , (1.94±0.15) vs (2.64±0.24) , (2.13±0.19) vs (2.97±0.28) , (1.95±0.17) vs (2.58± 0.23) , (2.15±0.16) vs (2.87±0.22) , (1.95±0.18) vs (2.91±0.27) , (1.89±0.12) vs (2.87±0.31) ] ( P<0.001) . Conclusion:Endoscopic thyroidectomy through thoracolumbar approach can effectively reduce postoperative pain in patients with papillary thyroid cancer, have a smaller impact on immune function, and block the expression of Wnt and integrin signaling pathways to reduce tumor metastasis risk.