Objective To study the accuracy of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in ischemic stroke. Methods The studies on plasma MMP-9 predicting HT in ischemic stroke were included, in which diagnostic criteria, methods, and subjects were clearly described, regardless of language of publication and type of studies. MEDLINE (Apr, 1966 to 2006), EMBase (Apt, 1966 to 2006), CNKI (Feb, 1977 to 2006), and wanfangshuju (1989 to 2005) were searched and the references lists of eligible studies were manually searched. Two reviewers independently evaluated the quality of studies and extracted data. The data were analyzed using the Revman 4. 2 or SPSS 11.0. Results Five trials including 497 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 109 of the 497 patients developed HT. The heterogeneity among studies was great (xspecialty 89. 9% (95% CI: 86. 4%-93.5%), sensitivity 86. 5% (95% CI: 77. 3%-96. 8%). Conclusions The values of plasma MMP-9 may be an independent predictor of hemorrhagic transformation. The number of patients in the included studies is not large enough, and the results need to be confirmed in further studies.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)is the most common rheumatology disease in childhood period with poor prognosis.The biological agents are newly developed drugs with features of clear therapeutic targets and fast effects.But its use in JIA is still limited,so this article focuses on the clinical use experience,timming and sideffects of the biological agents on JIA.

Objective To evaluate the sedative interaction between dexmedetomidine and propofol.Methods Sixty-four American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 20-60 yr,with body mass index of 19.0-25.0 kg/m2,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia,were allocated into 4 groups (n =16 each) using a random number table:different target concentrations of dexmedetomidine groups (D1-4 groups).Dexmedetomidine was administered by target-controlled infusion (TCI) with the Markku model.The target plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine were 0,0.4,0.6 and 0.8 ng/ml in D1-4 groups,respectively.At 15 min of dexmedetomidine TCI,propofol was given by TCI with Schnider model,and the initial target effect-site concentration was set at 1.0 μg/ml.After the target effect-site and plasma concentrations were balanced,the target effect-site concentration of propofol was gradually increased in increments of 0.2 μg/ml until loss of consciousness (Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale score was 1).The model of pharmacodynamic interaction was used to analyze the sedative interaction between the two drugs.Results There was no statistically significant difference in residual sums of squares fitted by using the model of pharmacodynamic interaction between the target effect-site concentration of propofol and target plasma concentration of dexmedetomidine at loss of consciousness (P＞0.05).The linear dimensionless parameter of pharmacodynamic interaction was 0.The median effective effect-site concentration of propofol was 2.38 μg/ml at loss of consciousness,and the median effective plasma concentration of dexmedetomidine was 2.03 ng/ml at loss of consciousness.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine and propofol interact additively in terms of sedation.

To study the anti-tumor metastatic constituents in Rhodiola wallichiana (HK) S H Fu var Cholaensis (Praeg) S H Fu, chemical constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography (silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40C and preparative HPLC). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis. The anti-tumor metastasis assay was applied to evaluate the activities of the isolated compounds. Ten compounds (1-10) were isolated and their structures were identified by comparison of their spectral data with literature as follows: syringic acid (1), salidroside (2), tyrosol (3), scaphopetalone (4), berchemol (5), 2,6-dimethoxyacetophenone (6), rhobupcyanoside A (7), miyaginin (8), chavicol-4-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), eugenyol-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 --> 6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10). Compounds 4-6 and 8-10, were isolated from this genus for the first time, while compound 7 was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2, 6-8 showed positive anti-tumor metastatic activities, and compounds 2 and 8 showed significant anti-tumor metastatic activities.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; prevention & control ; Rhodiola ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between COX-2 gene and hereditariness to Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter of COX-2 gene.

METHODSGenotypes of 200 case patients with NAFLD and 206 control subjects were examined by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The DNA samples were extracted from the peripheral blood of all subjects.

RESULTSTwo SNPs, -1195G more than A and -765 G more than C, were identified with frequencies of variant alleles 54% and 5% in patients with NAFLD and 48% and 2% in control, respectively. A case-control analysis revealed a 1.13-fold (95% CI = 1.01-2.46) and a 2.35-fold (95% CI = 1.17-3.65) excess risk of developing NAFLD for -1195AA or -765CG genotype carriers compared with noncarriers. Compared with G-1195-G-765 containing haplotype, a greater risk of developing NAFLD was observed for A-1195-G-765 (OR =1.42; 95% CI =1.11-1.63) and A-1195-C-765 (OR = 4.24; 95% CI =1.72-14.22) containing haplotypes. A greater risk of developing NAFLD was observed for A-1195 and C-765 containing haplotype compared with other haplotype, suggesting an interaction between the -1195A and -765C in the context of haplotype.

CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that genetic variants in the COX-2 promoter may play an important role in mediating susceptibility to developing NAFLD in a Chinese population. -1195G more than A and -765G more than C in promoter region of Cyclooxygenase-2 gene, whose single nucleotide polymorphisms are related with development of NAFLD, are the significance factors of the susceptibility of NAFLD.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; genetics ; Fatty Liver ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Young Adult

Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; physiopathology ; Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Sports ; Stress, Psychological ; physiopathology

Objective To explore the experience of developing evidence-based nursing (EBN) course in postgraduate nursing program in order to improve the quality of course.Methods A comprehensive project on developing EBN course for postgraduate nursing students was initiated in School of Nursing Fudan University.59 postgraduate nursing students in school of nursing, Fudan University were conveniently classified into EBN teaching group (n = 33) and control group (n = 26).The students in the EBN teaching group received 54 credit hours evidence-based nursing education.The teaching and learning experience were reflected through faculty interview and student interview. The teaching and learning outcome were evaluated by self-designed questionnaires.Results Students considered EBN course as a challenge.They experienced both positive and negative feelings during learning EBN.The critical appraisal, data extraction, Meta analysis and evidences utilization were seen as bigger challenges. However, they valued the experience of learning EBN as the opportunity for them to integrate knowledge and skill of literature searching, clinical epidemiology, health statistics, and nursing research into the learning of EBN course. Students in EBN teaching group had significantly higher score on evidence-based nursing knowledge than control group (z = 3.582, P < 0.01).Students in EBN teaching group had significantly higher scores on critical appraisal at post-course than at pre-course(t = 3.674,P < 0.01).Most of the students in EBN teaching group were satisfied with course content, teaching materials and teaching methods.In addition, they proposed constructive suggestions on credit hours and teaching arrangement for further implementing of evidence-based nursing course.Conclusions It is suggested that EBN can be developed as a course in postgraduate nursing program.The knowledge and skills on critical appraisal of literature and conducting systematic review can be improved by learning a comprehensive EBN course.However,the course content and teaching methods need further explore.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of the comprehensive evidence-based nursing course on Postgraduate training courses students. Methods Postgraduate training courses students in school of nursing of Fudan University were conveniently assigned to experimental group ( n =22) and control group ( n = 26). The students in the experimental group received 36 hours evidence-based nursing education. The teaching and learning outcome were evaluated by self-designed questionnaires. Results After 36 hours teaching and learning, Students in experimental group got significantly higher score on evidence-based nursing knowledge and literature criticism than control group(Z =3. 582,P<0. 01; t =3. 674,P<0. 01) ; There was no statistical difference on evidence-based nursing attitude score of students in experimental group and control group after evidence-based nursing course(t = 0. 310,P >0. 05); The results of course feedback questionnaire suggested that most of the students in experimental group were satisfied with course content, teaching materials and teaching methods. Interview results showed that students can develop system evaluation and practice Evidence-based nursing. In addition, they proposed constructive suggestions on credit hours and teaching arrangement for further implementing of evidence-based nursing course. Conclusions The knowledge and skill of EBN could be significantly improved by learning a comprehensive evidence-based nursing course for nurses studied in postgraduate nursing Program. Further study is needed to explore the effect of EBN course on students' attitude to evidence-based nursing.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the biocompatibility of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) for culturing bFGF gene-transfected bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and assess the feasibility of this cell complex for repairing cartilage defect in rabbits using tissue engineering method.

METHODSBMSCs transfected by bFGF gene were cultured on PLGA matrix to assess the biocompatibility of PLGA. The cell complex was then implanted into the cartilage defect in rabbits, and its effect in cartilage defect repair was evaluated by histological observation and immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSBMSCs transfected by bFGF gene grew normally on PLGA matrix. After implantation, the complex showed good effect for cartilage defect repair in rabbits.

CONCLUSIONPLGA has good biocompatibility with the transfected BMSCs, and the cell complex can be used for repairing rabbit cartilage defect and may potentially serve as a substitute of cartilage autograft.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cartilage, Articular ; injuries ; surgery ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; genetics ; Genetic Engineering ; methods ; Implants, Experimental ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Male ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and mechanism of mexican tea herb and pilular adina herb (abbreviated to MP) on concrescence of gastric mucosa in experimental gastric ulcer rats by observing the changes of epidermal growth factor (EGF), nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

METHODSThe rat ulcer model was established by 100% glacial acetic injection into the subserosa. The ulcer index (UI) was measured by sliding caliper. The levels of NO and EGF in tissue and serum were measured by the nitrate reductase method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The expression of EGFR in the mucosa around the ulcer was detected by the immunohistochemical assay and microimage analysis system.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the model group, UI of MP groups (10, 15 and 20 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)) and ranitidine group was lower (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the levels of NO and EGF in the tissue and serum were higher (P<0.05), the thickness of regenerated mucous membrane increased, and the width loss of lamina muscularis mucosa decreased (all P<0.05). (2) The expression of EGFR is weakly positive in gastric mucosa cells in the normal group, mainly in the cytoplasm and cytomembrane. In the model group, the expression of EGFR was mainly in epithelial cells in cervical part and basilar part of gastric gland around the ulcer margin, and the number of cells with EGFR weakly positive expression was more than that in the normal group. Compared with that in the normal and model groups, the number of cells with EGFR positive in MP groups and ranitidine group increased (all P<0.05), with weakly positive expression.

CONCLUSIONMP can protect gastric mucosa, cure gastric ulcer, restrain the secretion of gastric acid, and boost multiplication, differentiation, migration and repair of the endothelial cell by promoting the secretion of NO and EGF, and increasing the expression of EGFR of gastric mucosa epithelial cells.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; analysis ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; chemistry ; drug effects ; pathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; analysis ; Regeneration ; Stomach Ulcer ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Tea