Clozapine ; adverse effects ; Haloperidol ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ; etiology

Cholestasis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neonatology ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; adverse effects ; S-Adenosylmethionine ; therapeutic use ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of iodine of pregnant and lactating women in coastal and inland areas of Zhejiang province,and to provide scientific basis for iodine supplementation.Methods In 2009,five coastal cities,five coastal counties and three inland areas from Zhejiang province were selected by the cluster sampling method,and one sub-district(township) was randomly selected in each city (county),then one community (village) was randomly selected in each sub-district (township).Thirty pregnant women,thirty lactating women and fifty children aged 8 - 10,were randomly selected in each community(village) as the investigation objects to collect instant urine samples to detect urine iodine,and to collect thirty resident edible salt and some water samples to detect salt iodine and water iodine,if the numbers of water source were more than 5 then 1 water sample was collected by their location of east,south,west,north and center in each community(village),otherwise,the numbers of water samples collected were equal to the number of community (village).Results The medians of salt iodine of coastal city,coastal county and inland area were 28.42,25.29,and 33.24 mg/kg,respectively,and the medians of water iodine correspondingly were 5.41,11.52,and 2.80 μg/L,respectively.The medians of urinary iodine of pregnant and lactating women in Zhejiang province were 148.72 and 161.34 μg/L,respectively,which were less than that of children aged 8 - 10(231.02 μg/L,Z =8.57,8.24,all P ＜ 0.017).The medians of urinary iodine in pregnant women from different areas were ranked in order as inland areas(211.42 μg/L),coastal counties (150.51 μg/L) and coastal cities (123.33 μg/L,Z =2.80,5.31,2.42,all P ＜ 0.017),and in lactating women,the medians of urinary iodine in inland areas( 197.43 μg/L) was higher than that in coastal cities( 139.64 μg/L,Z =4.03,P ＜ 0.017).Conclusions The overall levels of iodine nutrition in lactating and pregnant women in Zhejiang province are in the appropriate level,but that of the pregnant women in the coastal cities is inadequate.

Objective To evaluate the dietary iodine intake level of population in coastal and inland areas of Zhejiang province.Methods The cluster sampling method was applied to select Zhoushan,Ningbo and Taizhou cities from Zhejiang province as coastal areas,to select Jinhua,Quzhou and Lishui cities from Zhejiang province as inland areas,and two counties(districts) were randomly selected in each chosen city,three sub-districts(towns) were randomly selected in each chosen counties (districts),then one community (village) was randomly selected in each chosen sub-districts(towns).Adult residents aged greater than 18 were selected as investigation subjects,their dietary iodine intake in the past 24 hours was investigated,and the Food composition table” was inquired to get the data of dietary iodine intake.One hundred copies of residential edible salt samples and drinking water samples in each of the selected community (village) were collected to detect salt iodine and water iodine by direct titrimetric and spectrophotometric method,respectively.Results The mean of adult residents' dietary iodine intake in Zhejiang coastal area was 267.76 μg/d,which was less than that in inland area (429.05 μg/d,t =- 6.90,P ＜0.05),and the means of adult residents' dietary iodine intake from drinking water,laver and fish(5.75,69.72,5.61 μg/d,respectively) in coastal area were higher than those in inland areas(3.25,35.27,3.43 μg/d,respectively,t =21.73,3.92,4.08,all P ＜ 0.05),however,the means of adult residents' dietary iodine intake from salt,kelp and other food (166.81,3.04,16.82 μg/d,respectively) in coastal areas were less than those in inland areas (355.15,6.14,25.81 μg/d,respectively,t =- 8.76,- 5.49,- 18.56,all P ＜ 0.05).In coastal areas,the proportion which was less than estimated average requirement of iodine(EAR,120 μg/d) was 46.48％ (1029/2214),the ratio which was higher than the maximum tolerable intake of iodine(UL,1000 μg/d) was 3.34％ (74/2214),and the average contribution rate of dietary intake of iodine in salt was 62.30％(166.81/267.76).While in inland areas,the corresponding proportions were 7.61％ (171/2246),2.80％ (63/2246) and 82.78％ (355.15/429.05),respectively.Conclusions The dietary iodine intake in Zhejiang inland areas has reached the recommended nutrient intake levels of the Chinese Nutrition Society,but there is a certain degree of insufficient iodine intake in population of the coastal areas.

Objective To learn the status of iodine nutrition and the goiter of children and pregnant woman in Zhejiang Province after the iodine salt concentration adjustment.Methods The proportionate to population size sampling was applied to select 30 surveillance areas in Zhejiang Province,and iodine nutritional status were evaluated by 4 indicators that include goiter rate in 8 -10 years old children,urine iodine,iodized salt and water iodine.Results The iodine content of 1 565 edible salt samples collected from the above children was measured,and the iodine median(P25 -P75 )was 23.30 (21.00 -25.80)mg/kg.The coverage of iodized salt rate was 88.43%,and 95.88% iodized salts was qualified.The qualified iodized -salt ingesting rate was 84.79%.The iodine content of children aged 8 -10 years old and pregnant woman was tested,and iodine median (P25 -P75 )was 171.99 (113.00 -243.89 ),134.14 (82.10 -202.98)g/L respectively.The iodine content of 66 water samples were randomly collected from the surveillance areas to be tested,and iodine median(P25 -P75 )was 2.42(1.17 -6.28)μg/L.The proportion less than 10 g/L was 87.9%.The goiter status of 1 565 children were examined by B -type of ultrasonic,and the prevalence of goiter was 4.98%.Conclusion After the iodine salt concentration adjustment,the status of iodine nutrition in children was in optimum level,but the level of iodine nutrition in pregnant women was less than the state,which should be paid more attention.

Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Errors ; Diaphragm ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Echinococcosis, Hepatic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Liver ; parasitology ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Genes, p53 ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Growth Protein 1 ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism ; Point Mutation ; Signal Transduction ; Trans-Activators ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the molecular genetics basis for HLA novel allele HLA-DRB1*1212 in Chinese population.

METHODSGenomic DNA was extracted from whole blood by salting-out method. HLA-DRB1 gene exon 2 was amplified by PCR with group-specific primers from genomic DNA. PCR products were cut back from agarose gels and purified to sequence directly. The polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSO) was performed to confirm the mutations which were detected by sequencing in this study.

RESULTSThe sequencing results showed HLA-DRB1 alleles of the proband as DRB1*090102 and the novel allele. The sequences of the novel allele have been submitted to GenBank (AY899825). Through BLAST analysis, the novel allele was found to be different from DRB1*120101 at position 199A-->C in exon 2, that results in an amino acid change from Ile to Leu at codon 67.

CONCLUSIONThis allele is a novel and has been officially named as DRB1*1212 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; ethnology ; DNA ; analysis ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis

The aim of this study was aimed to investigate the molecular genetic basis for a novel HLA allele, HLA-B*4061, in Chinese population. DNA was extracted from whole blood by salting-out method. The HLA-B exons 1 - 8 of the proband was amplified and the amplified product was cloned using TOPO TA cloning sequencing kit to split the two alleles apart. Both strands of exons 2, 3 and 4 of chosen colonies were sequencing. The PCR-SSP was performed to confirm the mutations detected by sequencing. The sequencing results showed HLA-B alleles of the proband as B*4601 and the novel allele. The sequences of the novel allele have been submitted to GenBank (DQ089628, DQ089629, DQ089630). After HLA blast analysis, the novel allele showed a single nucleotide mismatch with B*400101 in exon 2 at position 272 C-->A, as the results, changing amino acid from Ser to Tyr at codon 67. It is concluded that this allele is a novel one and has been officially named B*4061 by the WHO Nomenclature Committee.
Alleles ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; immunology ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid

OBJECTIVETo compare clinical results of treating Neer two- and three-part of proximal humeral fractures between anterolateral acromial approach and deltopectoral approach.

METHODSFrom January 2009 to December 2012, 49 patients with Neer two- and three-part of proximal humeral fractures were treated with locked plate fixation. In anterolateral acromial approach group, there were 22 patients including 9 males and 13 females with an average of (63.2±7.6) years old, while 27 patients in deltopectoral approach including 12 males and 15 females with an average of (62.9±7.0) years old. Operative time, blood loss during operation, fracture healing time and complications were observed and compared, postoperative Constant-Murley scoring and VAS scoring were applied for evaluate function of shoulder joint and pain at 3 months, 1 and 2 years respectively.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 24 to 41 months with an average of 34.5 months. Operative time, blood loss, fracture healing time in anterolateral acromial approach group was (68.20±7.04) min, (151.30±20.57) ml, (10.88±4.90) weeks respectively, and better than that of in deltopectoral approach group which was (75.81±13.70) min, (242.10±37.25) ml and (13.60±2.45) weeks. Three months after operation, Constant-Murley scoring and VAS score in anterolateral acromial approach group was 88.32±5.45, 0.41±0.63 and better that of in deltopectoral approach group which was 63.53±8.31, 1.65±1.02. There was no significant differences between two groups in Constant-Murley scoring and VAS score at 1 and 2 years after operation. Each group has one case occurred loss of length humerus head height, and there was 1 case with subacromial impingement, 1 case with bolt loose and 2 cases with delayed union in deltopectoral approach. No axillary nerve injury, humeral head necrosis and breakage of internal fixation occurred both of two groups.

CONCLUSIONBoth of anterolateral acromial approach and deltopectoral approach are effective in treating Neer two- and three-part of proximal humeral fractures, and can obtain excellent outcomes. Moreover, anterolateral acromial approach has advantage of less trauma, less blood loss, shorter operative time, rapid recovery of shoulder joint function and fracture.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Shoulder Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery