Objective To analyse the mutation of K17 gene in a pedigree with steatocystoma multi-plex. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 3 affected and 3 normal individuals in a family with steatocystoma multiplex, as well as from 50 unrelated healthy individuals. Mutation scanning was carried out by PCR and direct sequencing. Results A heterozygous nucleotide transition (C→T) at position 428 in exon 1 of KI7 gene, which leads to the substitution of CGC (arginine) by TGC (histidine) at codon 94, was detected in the affected individuals, but not in normal family members or the 50 unrelated individuals. Conclusion A missense mutation (428C→T) in KI7 gene has been detected in affected individuals of this family, which seems to be a molecular basis of pathogenesis of steatocystoma multiplex.

Objective: To establish the quality standards for Zhichuang capsules. Methods: Rhubarb, Mahonia, Angelica and Borneol in the formula were identified by TLC, the content of emodin and chrysophanol from Rhubarb in Zhichuang capsules were deter-mined by HPLC. Results: The qualitative identification was easy to operate with good specificity. The linearity was good ( r =0. 999 9) within the range of 25.8-516.0ng and the average recovery was 97.31%(RSD=0.69%,n=6)for emodin, the linearity was good (r=1.000 0) within the range of 51.1-1 022.0ng and the average recovery was 97.63%(RSD=0.72%,n=6)for Chry-sophanol. Conclusion:The method is reliable and accurate, which can be applied as a quality control method of Zhichuang capsules.

Purpose To investigate the expressions of PKCζ, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in breast cancer and the relationship with the inva-sion and metastasis of breast cancer. Methods The expression of PKCζ, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in 100 cases with breast cancer was as-sessed with immunohistochemistry PV 9000 method. PKCζ-siRNA was transfected into MDA-MB-231 cell lines, called siPKCζ/MDA-MB-231. While siRNA construct containing a scrambled sequence was transfected into MDA-MB-231 cells to generate control cells, which were designated as Scr/MDA231 cells. Western blotting was used to measure the expression of PKCζ in transfected cells, and the Transwell invasion assay was used to detect the invasion ability in vitro. The content of MMP-2, MMP-9 were measured by ELISA. Results The expression rates of PKCζ, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in breast cancer tissues were 62.5%, 37.5% and 32.5%, and there were significant differences among them (P<0.05). The expression of PKCζwas much higher than those in the normal breast tissues nearby. The expression of PKC protein was assoiated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis (P<0.01), but was not correla-ted with other clinicopathologic parameters, such as age, tumor size, histological type, ER, PR, and so on (P>0.05). The expres-sion of PKCζ, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were lower in siPKCζ/ MDA-MB-231 group than those in scr/ MDA-MB-231 group, and the in vitro invasion ability was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions PKCζ can promote the invasion and metastasis of breast canc-er, and correlated with the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9(P<0.05).

This proficiency testing program is established to evaluate the pharmaceutical preparation analysis capacity of laboratories recommended by 18 countries and economies. It was authorized by Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (APLAC), and organized by Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control (SIFDC) and China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS). The 0.3sigma test is used to evaluate the homogeneity and stability of the proficiency testing sample. The results of the laboratories were assessed by Z-score. The robust average and the robust standard deviation of the participants' results were calculated as assigned value and standard deviation for performance assessment of hydrochlorothiazide and captopril using robust statistics. Thirty-three of 38 laboratories recommended by 18 countries and economies sent their results back. Twenty-four laboratories' results were observed as satisfactory. Five laboratories were identified as having reported at least one questionable result. Four laboratories were identified as having reported at least one unsatisfactory result.

Objective To report the preliminary results of drug use in patients with coronary heart disease,and to compare the differences of research results and methodologies between literature research and database research.Methods PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,Wanfang data base,CNKI and CBM,were searched to collect all related literatures from beginning to November 28,2015.Data extracted from each individual study were analyzed using Excel 2011;patients with coronary heart disease from the database of a real word study were screened,and the drug use of patients with coronary heart disease was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Excel 2011.Results The literature research showed that the utilization rates of antiplatelet drugs,β-blocker,statins,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) were 90.62％,65.38％,73.94％,43.56％ and 19.95％ respectively;the database analysis showed that the utilization rate of antiplatelet drugs,β-blocker,statins,ACEI and ARB were 77.40％,53.60％,68.60％,27.00％ and 26.00％,respectively.Compared with database research,literature research has the characteristics of large sample size,low cost and fast acquisition.Conclusion There are both advantages and disadvantages in all the research methods of drug epidemiology,and literature researches can be used for pharmacoepidemiological study if there is enough original researches.

OBJECTIVETo examine the association of dietary patterns with chronic diseases and their indicators.

METHODSUsing the data from 2002 National Nutrition and Health Survey, we divided the subjects into clusters according to their dietary patterns classified by different percentage of energy intake from cereal foods, carbohydrate and fat, respectively. The analysis of variance was used to identify the difference in chronic disease prevalence across clusters of subjects while controlling for age, gender and geographic regions. Logistic regression analysis was applied to calculate the odd ratios (OR) for association of chronic disease and each dietary pattern, after adjusted for age, gender, region, energy intake, leisure time.

RESULTSThe higher percentage of energy intake from cereals was significantly associated with lower body mass index (BMI), lower total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). While it was significantly associated with lower risk for overweight/obesity, hypertension, high total cholesterol, high triglyceride (TG) and high LDL-C, but the prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in the cluster of subjects with cereal energy share more than 75%. The higher percentage of energy intake from fat was significantly associated with higher BMI, higher total cholesterol and higher LDL-C, which accordingly, was significantly associated with higher risk for overweight/obesity, hypertension, high total cholesterol, triglyceride and high LDL-C.

CONCLUSIONOur study confirmed the important role of dietary pattern in chronic disease control; in particular, appropriate percentage of energy intake from fat and cereals/carbohydrates are beneficial to control and prevention of chronic diseases.

China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Diet ; Dietary Carbohydrates ; Dietary Fats ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys ; Odds Ratio

Spinal nerve injury causes mechanical allodynia and structural imbalance of neurotransmission, which were typically associated with calcium overload. Storeoperated calcium entry (SOCE) is considered crucial elements-mediating intracellular calcium homeostasis, ion channel activity, and synaptic plasticity. However, the underlying mechanism of SOCE in mediating neuronal transmitter release and synaptic transmission remains ambiguous in neuropathic pain. Neuropathic rats were operated by spinal nerve ligations. Neurotransmissions were assessed by whole-cell recording in substantia gelatinosa. Immunofluorescence staining of STIM1 with neuronal and glial biomarkers in the spinal dorsal horn. The endoplasmic reticulum stress level was estimated from qRT-PCR. Intrathecal injection of SOCE antagonist SKF96365 dose-dependently alleviated mechanical allodynia in ipsilateral hind paws of neuropathic rats with ED 50 of 18 μg. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that STIM1 was specifically and significantly expressed in neurons but not astrocytes and microglia in the spinal dorsal horn. Bath application of SKF96365 inhibited enhanced miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents in a dosage-dependent manner without affecting miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Mal-adaption of SOCE was commonly related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the central nervous system. SKF96365 markedly suppressed ER stress levels by alleviating mRNA expression of C/ EBP homologous protein and heat shock protein 70 in neuropathic rats. Our findings suggested that nerve injury might promote SOCE-mediated calcium levels, resulting in long-term imbalance of spinal synaptic transmission and behavioral sensitization, SKF96365 produces antinociception by alleviating glutamatergic transmission and ER stress. This work demonstrated the involvement of SOCE in neuropathic pain, implying that SOCE might be a potential target for pain management.

Objective To understand the epidemicological condition of human brucellosis in Zhengzhou city to provide scientific evidence for future preventive and control measures. Methods Surveillance on high risk populations were done in the designated monitoring Gongyi City and other randomized monitoring cities or counties (4 or 5 towns or farms were selected in each city or county) during the year from 2002 to 2007. The intradermic allergy test with brucellin were carried out among high risk populations who had been in close touch of domestic animals or their products in those cities, and standard tube agglutination test(SAT) were used for those who had suspected clinic symptom or positive result of intradermie allergy test during 2002 to 2005. The SAT investigations for enterprises of livestock breeding were performed in non-designated monitoring cities. All manipulation methods and judging standards were according to the manual of prevention and treatment for human brucellosis. Results In the designated monitoring city Gongyi from 2002 to 2007, a total of 13 831 people were investigated, among whom 3744 peoples were tested by intradermic allergy test and the positive rate was 1.01%(38/3744). Fifty-four cases were positive in SAT among 2693, and the positive rate of SAT was 2.01%(54/2693). Forty-four new cases were diagnosed. In the 11 non-designated monitoring city from 2002 to 2005, 13 136 persons were treated by intradermic allergy test, the positive rate was 0.62% (82/13 136), among these 1316 persons were treated by SAT and 66 patients were positive. The positive rate was 5.02% (66/1316) from 2002 to 2007. Fifty one new cases were diagnosed. In the enterprises of domestic animals breeding, among 242 and 688 employees were treated by SAT, 17 and 16 patients were positive, the positive rate were 7.02%(17/242) and 5.02%(16/688) in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Conclusions The infection of human brucellosis in Zhengzhou is rising up. The governments at all levels must put large amounts of funds for the monitoring, investigating and disinfecting to prevent the disease from increasing and outspreading.

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence rate of hypertension and the risk factors in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population.

METHODSA total of 1068 people of Hei Yi Zhuang nationality aged 20 and over were surveyed. Blood pressure, height, weight, serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels were measured ,and both body surface areas and body mass index were calculated. Results were compared with those in 933 people of Han nationality living in the same district.

RESULTSThe prevalence rates of hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang population were significantly higher than that in Han population (25.2% vs. 17.3%, P < 0.001) ,as well as the isolated systolic hypertension (12.5% vs. 3.9%, P < 0.001). The mean levels of systolic pressure and pulse pressure in Hei Yi Zhuang population were significantly higher than those in Han population (125.20 +/- 18.62 vs. 121.88 +/- 15.99 mm Hg, P < 0.001 and 48.64 +/- 14.75 vs. 44.98 +/- 11.12 mm Hg, P <.001; respectively). The prevalence rate of hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang population was positively correlated with triglyceride, sex and age whereas the prevalence rate of hypertension in Han population was positively correlated with total cholesterol, sex, age, and alcohol consumption. Rates of awareness on hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang and Han population were 8.6% vs. 21.1% (P <.001), patients with treatment rate of established hypertension were 4.5 vs. 15.5 (P < 0.001) with the control rates as 1.9 vs. 10.6 (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence rate of hypertension in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population was significantly higher than that in Han ethnic group. The causes of high prevalence rate of hypertension might be ascribed to special geographical surroundings, unhealthy life style, high sodium intake, low education, and possibly genetic factors. The rates on awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were still under satisfaction.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Residence Characteristics ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo examine the association between fetal nutritional status and overweight and obesity in their adulthood and to provide evidence for formulation of the strategy on preventing low birth weight.

METHODSUsing data from 2002 Nationwide Nutrition and Health Survey to set up a case-control method in order to compare body mass index(BMI), prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as to calculate odds ratio of overweight and obesity of case group compared with control group. Three case groups were selected from those who were born in 1959, 1960,1961 respectively, and the controls were those who were born in 1964.

RESULTSThe health consequence of being famines on adulthood was evident in women. Means of BMI in women were significantly higher in three case groups than that in control group(P<0.01). After adjustment on geographic regions, the prevalence of overweight in women was significantly higher in three case groups than that in control group(P< 0.01). The prevalence rates of obesity were significantly higher in 1959, 1960 groups than 1964 group(P< 0.05). The odds ratios of overweight of women in three case groups were 28.9% (95% CI:1.063-1.565), 37.2% (95% CI:1. 136-1.658) and 35.2% (95% CI: 1. 103-1.657) respectively, all higher than that in the control group. The odds ratios of obesity of women born in 1959, 1960 groups were 46.5% (95% CI: 1.088-1.972) and 39.6% (95% CI: 1.039- 1.876) respectively, higher than that in the 1964 group. However, such differences were not found in men.

CONCLUSIONHigher risks of overweight and obesity in women were caused by malnutrition during their fetal lives. A strategy on preventing low birth weight should be formulated by the government to prevent the chronic disease in adulthood.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Nutritional Status ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; Overweight ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Risk