Behcet Syndrome ; Child ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; Male

Mammal multidrug and toxin extrusion proteins (MATEs) play an important role in the transport of organic cations in the body. MATEs mediate the final excretion step for multiple organic cation drug used clinically and important endogenous substances. This article reviews the discovery, type, gene coding and polymorphism, body distribution, classification of substrates and inhibitors and their research method of MATEs. The article also discusses the major research significance of MATEs with examples.
Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cations ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Currently,XB130 as a newly discovered characterized adaptor protein ,it has been implicated as a substrate and regulator of many intracellular signal transduction ,such as FAK/SRC,PI3K/Akt and MEK-ERK signaling and so on.It has been found that XB130 is high expression in many cell lines ,for instance thyroid carcinoma,osteosarcoma,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer and breast cancer etc .The mechanism of XB130 in tumor is becoming increasingly attention .XB130 is recently attributed to be a new oncogene ,and plays important roles in cell pro -liferation,cell survival and tumorigenesis .A deeper understanding of these mechanisms may lead to the discovery of XB130 as an important mediator in tumor development and as a novel therapeutic target for cancer.

30 mmHg on day 1 after SLT.Blurring and anterior uveitis were controlled. Conclusion SLT may be a safe and effective therapy for POAG.

Objective To discuss the therapeutic methods and strategies of fractionated embolization in treating large cerebral arteriovenous malformation (cAVM). Methods During the period from May 2005 to May 2013 at authors’ hospital, endovascular fractionated embolization was performed in 35 cases with large cAVM. The lesions were located in the frontal lobe (n = 11), the parietal lobe(n = 8), the temporal lobe (n = 6), the occipital lobe (n = 4), the lateral temporal area (n = 2) and the deep white matter and basal ganglia (n = 4). The longest diameter of the lesions was 6 - 12 cm, with a mean of 7.23 cm. The number of supply vessels was 2 - 5. The lesions were drained by superficial veins in 13 cases, by deep veins in 9 cases and by both superficial and deep veins in 17 cases. The exit stenosis of the draining vein was seen in 3 cases, while the dilatation of the draining vein was found in 6 cases. Angiography showed that the lesions were situated at the right side in 16 cases and at the left side in 19 cases. Results A total of 297 times of embolization operating-process were carried out in the 35 patients, of which NBCA was used in 107, ONYX in 153 with, FuAiLe medical adhesive in 15, combination use of NBCA and ONYX in 9 and combination use of ONYX and FuAiLe medical adhesive in 13. No death occurred after treatment. After the first embolization, the residual malformation volume usually decreased to < 50%. The interval between the first and the second embolization was 1 - 3 months. Generally, two to four times of embolization were performed in each patient. Complete occlusion of the lesion was obtained in 26 cases, and sub - complete occlusion of the lesion (> 80%embolization) in 9 patients. Good recovery was achieved in all patients. After fractionated embolization, the volume of the cAVMs was decreased gradually and ultimate clinical cure was achieved, which laid the foundation for conducting further micro - neruosurgery or radiation therapy. Conclusion For the treatment of large cerebral arteriovenous malformation, fractionated embolization has reliable therapeutic effect. Therefore, this technique should be recommended in clinical practice.

According to the existing Provisions for Drug Registration (SFDA Order No. 28), applications for new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine are divided into two parts: the applications for drug clinical trial and for drug production (including new drug certificate). It will last for about 10 years from the application for drug clinical trial to get approving, and it also remains many problems and the low probability to succeed. From the sight of pharmaceutical review, there are mainly two aspects of regulatory compliance and technical issues, mainly for changes without approval of the competent authorities of the country. For example, sample preparation and approval of clinical trial process are significant changes. Technical problems are reporting incomplete data or information submitted does not comply with the technical requirements for review, such as: production process validation does not provide information, the preparation of samples for clinical trials and field inspection, production information, or the information provided does not meet the technical requirements. This paper summarizes the frequently asked questions and to make recommendations to advise applicants concerned, timely detection of problems, avoid risk, improving the quality and efficiency of the application for registration.
China ; Drug Approval ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Drug Evaluation ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Humans ; Legislation, Drug ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To evaluate the relationship between recurrence of cryptogenic ischemic cerebrovascular disease (CICVD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO),as well as to access the clinical significance of PFO in ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods Consecutive patients with CICVD aged 15 to 70 years who were hospitalized in Department of Neurology,Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University from January 2008 to March 2011 were prospectively investigated.Identified by transesophageal echocardiography,patients were divided into two groups with respect to outcome:PFO group and non-PFO group.The recurrence of cerebral ischemic events was compared between the two groups after neurological follow-up.Results A total of 91 patients were recruited,including 57 patients with PFO and 34 patients without PFO.The follow-up period of two groups was 695 (506,1142) d.The recurrence rate at 15 months in patients with PFO (24.5％ (12/49)) was higher than those without PFO (6.9％ (2/29),x2 =4.391,P =0.036).Cum hazard curve indicated that recurrence risk of cerebral ischemic events in patients with CICVD in PFO group was higher than that of patients in non-PFO group during the follow-up period (P =0.044).Cox model used for multivariate survival analysis indicated that PFO was a risk factor for cerebral ischemic event recurrence among patients with CICVD (OR =4.159,95％ CI 1.178-14.689,P =0.027).Conclusions PFO is associated with increased recurrence risk of cerebral ischemia in CICVD patients.In addition,PFO may be a significant factor for ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Objective To detect the expression of E-cadherin and ?-catenin in breast carcinoma and analyze the relationship between E-cadherin and ?-catenin and the clinicopathological features. Methods The expression of E-cadherin and ?-catenin in breast cancer, paracarcinoma breast tissue, simple mastoplasia and atypical mastoplasia were detected by immunohistochemical method and the results were compared. Results The abnormal expression rates of E-cadherin and ?-catenin in breast cancer tissue were 51.9% and 61.1 %,respectively. Abnormal expression of E-cadherin was significantly correlated with histological grade. Abnormal expression of ?-catenin was significantly correlated with TNM staging, axillary lymph nodes metastasis and postoperative distant metastasis. COX multiple factor analysis showed that neither E-cadherin nor ?-catenin expression was an independent indicator for the prognosis of breast cancer. Conclusions Abnormal expressions of E-cadherin and ?-catenin are correlated with occurrence and development of breast carcinoma. Abnormal expressions of E-cadherin and ?-catenin are good indicators to judge invasion and metastasis of breast carcinoma.

The up-regulation mechanism of membrane type I matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in macrophages stimulated by silica in vitro and the contribution of early growth response 1 (Egr-1) transcription factor in the gene expression pathway were investigated. Macrophages stimulated by silica were treated with Egr-1 antibody or Egr-1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). The levels of MT1-MMP proteins were determined by Western blot and the expression of MT1-MMP mRNAs was detected by RT-PCR. The results showed as compared with control macrophages, silica-stimulated group showed up-regulated gene expression of MT1-MMP via Egr-1 (P<0.01). Compared with silica-stimulated macrophages untreated with antibody, the cells treated with 5 microg/mL Egr-1 antibody were associated with reduced expression of MT1-MMP protein (P<0.01) and mRNA (P<0.01). Compared with silica-stimulated untransfected group, the Egr-1 "decoy" ODN group was associated with reduction in the expression of MT1-MMP protein and mRNA (P<0.01). It was concluded gene expression of MT1-MMP which may play a critical role in silicosis was up-regulated by silica in macrophages. Egr-1 participated in the expression of MT1-MMP and positively regulated the expression. Both Egr-1 antibody and Egr-1 decoy ODN suppressed the expression of MT1-MMP through the Egr-1 pathway and may become a potential therapeutic tool in the management of silicosis in the future.

Objective To explore the cause of repeated offline of files in the database of No.1 Military Project and find the method to solve the problem. Methods The abnormal offline of files in database is not by chance,and its document in oracle is not very clear. Using the knowledge from internet,the fault was repeatedly simulated on test machine and the source of the fault was found. Results Solving plans and countermeasures were put forward. Conclusion The database of the No.1 Military Medical Project is the core of military hospital work,so its importance is self-evident. The technical support of No. 1 Military Project is strengthened,the right maintenance direction of the database is pointed out as well as the right solution to deal with the problem.