To compare the impact of different incision positions of phacoemulsification cataract exaction on corneal astigmatism.
●METHODS: Totally 412 patients ( 456 eyes) who had undergone the phacoemulsification and lOL implantation from June 2006 to June 2013 were randomly divided into two groups (each 228 eyes): observation group (incision above the middle of the limbus for the rule astigmatism, at the temporal for against the rule astigmatism, at the top of the temporal regulation on the maximum curvature of the meridian of the cornea for oblique astigmatism, at the top of the temporal for patients without astigmatism);control group ( incision at top and middle of limbus), using a 3mm cornea scleral tunnel incision without suture, 2mm from the limbus. Corneal refractive status of preoperative and postoperative at different times were detected by corneal refractive, comparing the impact of different surgical incision on postoperative corneal astigmatism.
●RESULTS:The visual acuity of 1, 3mo postoperative of observation group was significantly better than the control group ( P < 0. 05 ). The average astigmatism of 1, 3mo postoperative of observation group was significantly lower than the control group ( P < 0. 05). Corneal astigmatism 3mo postoperative of observation group was significantly lower than preoperative ( P< 0. 05). Corneal astigmatism 3mo postoperative of control group was significantly higher than preoperative (P<0. 05).
●CONCLUSlON:lncision at the corneal curvature of the largest radial could correct preoperative astigmatism and improve visual acuity to a certain extent.

Objective:To research the clinical effect of HeDanPian combined with edaravone in the treatment of acute cerebral in farction and the influence on serum levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ),promote angiogenin Ⅱ (Ang-2),homocysteine (Hcy).Methods:102 cases of patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,with 51 cases in each group.The control group was treated with edaravone,intravenous infusion of30mg edaravone,1 time in the morning and night;The experimental group was treated based on the control group treated with HeDanPian,oral HeDanPian 14.6 g,1 time in the early to middle.The curative effect,nerve function defect score (NIHSS),serum IFN-γ Ang-2,Hcy,propylene glycol (MDA),superoxide disproportionation alcohol (SOD),interleukin 6,10 (IL-6,IL-10),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) levels,incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate,serum Ang-2,SOD,IL-10 levels of experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05),the NIHSS,serum IFN-γ,Hcy,MDA,IL-6,TNF-α levels of experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions was found between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:HeDanPian combined with edaravone was effective in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction,which could regulate the expression of serum IFN-γ,Ang-2 and Hcy,improve the oxidative stress and inflammation.

Objective To investigate the setup errors of super chest segment of esophageal cancer patients before radiotherapy delivery by KV cone beam CT,and evaluate the margin from CTV to PTV.Methods From 2010 to 2012,13 patients with super chest segment of esophageal cancer whose IMRT planning CT images were included in this study.Delineate target on the CT images of treatment planning and enlarge the margin of CTV to form ITV,then enlarge the margin of ITV gradually 10 times by 1 mm each time to form varied PTV,and create the plan according to the size of the PTV,simulate setup errors in the new plan to obtain the simulation of the actual exposure curve and find a suitable PTV to assure 95％ ITV volume as ever to approach the prescription dose,obtained the outside enlarge distance of CTV → PTV.Results The maximum setup errors in the direction of the anterior and posterior positioning was (3.42 ±2.19) mm.The margin of ITV→PTV is 5 mm which was figured out by PTN enlarging method.Compared to the original plan that under the condition of draw up the radiotherapy plan that based on the method of PTV enlarging obtained the CTV→PTV and simulate the actual dose distribution according to the setup errors:total lung V5,spinal cord D1cm3,increased by about 0.87％,4.95 Gy,heart V40,PTV D95,PTV V100,ITV D95,ITV V100 were reduced about 0.62％,4.95 Gy,8.38％,1.84 Gy,1.87％,all of them have statistically difference.Conclusions Range of external expansion of the left to right,superior to inferior and anterior to posterior is 7 mm,8 mm and 7 mm respectively,according to the method of PTV enlarging obtained the margin of CTV→PTV of super chest segment of esophageal cancer patients.

Kidney injury and decreased chemosensitivity of tumor cells are obstacles with cisplatin (CDDP) chemotherapy. Down-regulation of the organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) is a key means to alleviate CDDP-induced kidney injury and increase chemosensitivity. Astragaloside IV (AS IV) is obtained from the well-known traditional Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus. This study explored the role of AS IV in preventing kidney injury and enhancing the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing OCT2 expression in kidney and MRP2 in tumors. This project was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Hospital of Jilin University. The effects of AS IV on CDDP inhibition of tumor growth and promotion of apoptosis were assessed in Lewis lung tumor (LLC)-bearing mice by H&E and TUNEL staining. Kidney injury was assessed by serum biochemical parameters and H&E staining. We used Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays to detect OCT2 and MRP2 expression in kidney and tumor. The concentration of CDDP in kidney and tumor was measured by HPLC-MS/MS. AS IV enhanced CDDP chemosensitivity by increasing tumor cell apoptosis and slowing tumor growth, and decreased kidney injury as evidenced by lower blood creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Co-administration of AS IV suppressed MRP2 overexpression induced by CDDP in tumor tissues and may be an important mechanism for enhancing CDDP chemosensitivity. Moreover, AS IV reduced CDDP-induced kidney injury in mice along with suppression of OCT2 expression in kidney. The concentration of CDDP was increased in tumor but decreased in kidney. In total, AS IV not only enhanced the antitumor effect of CDDP by suppressing MRP2 expression in tumor cells, but also decreased kidney injury induced by CDDP. The results provide new insight into the combined use of a chemotherapy drug and natural ingredients to treat cancer.

Objective To report the preliminary results of drug use in patients with coronary heart disease,and to compare the differences of research results and methodologies between literature research and database research.Methods PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,Wanfang data base,CNKI and CBM,were searched to collect all related literatures from beginning to November 28,2015.Data extracted from each individual study were analyzed using Excel 2011;patients with coronary heart disease from the database of a real word study were screened,and the drug use of patients with coronary heart disease was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Excel 2011.Results The literature research showed that the utilization rates of antiplatelet drugs,β-blocker,statins,angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) were 90.62％,65.38％,73.94％,43.56％ and 19.95％ respectively;the database analysis showed that the utilization rate of antiplatelet drugs,β-blocker,statins,ACEI and ARB were 77.40％,53.60％,68.60％,27.00％ and 26.00％,respectively.Compared with database research,literature research has the characteristics of large sample size,low cost and fast acquisition.Conclusion There are both advantages and disadvantages in all the research methods of drug epidemiology,and literature researches can be used for pharmacoepidemiological study if there is enough original researches.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the amount of blood loss and the efficacy of clotting factor in controlling blood loss during total knee arthroplasty.

METHODSThe medical documents of 18 patients with haemophilic arthritis (HA) secondary to haemophilia A and 19 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic data,functional and hematological test results,the amount of blood loss and transfusion,and complications were analyzed.

RESULTSThe median amounts of total and external blood loss were 2240 ml(1892-3415 ml) and 1326 ml(934-2256 ml)in the HA group, which were significant higher than those in the OA group [1746 ml(1259-2246 ml)and 846 ml (504-1217 ml), respectively]. The median amounts of external blood loss in the two groups were 680 ml(370-1330 ml)and 730 ml(200-1190 ml)and there was no significant difference(p=0.620). Moreover, more patients in the HA group required blood transfusion (84.2% vs. 47.4%), and more red cells were transfused per patient in the HA group (2.3 U vs. 0 U).

CONCLUSIONSThe total blood loss and hidden blood loss are higher in the HA patients than in OA patients during total knee arthroplasty, although the external blood loss is basically the same. Management with more clotting factor may decrease the blood loss in HA patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthritis ; etiology ; surgery ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Hemophilia A ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Numerous studies have shown that the health of spiral ganglion neurons is highly important for hearing. As a trophic factor of spiral ganglion neurons, neurotrophin 3 (NT3) is a potential candidate for prevention of spiral ganglion neuron degeneration in human. In our experiments, efficient transduction and long term expression of foreign gene of cochlea cells has been found with adenovirus carried lacZ gene (Ad-lacZ). A model of guinea pig deafness was made by intense noise exposure, which destroyed the entire organ of Corti in the middle part of the cochlea. Seven days after noise exposure, the animals were anesthetized and 1 10(8) recombinant adenoviral particles were injected into the scala tympani through the round window membrane. Animals inoculated with neurotrophin 3 adenovirus(Ad-NT3) were designated as the experimental group, animals inoculated with Ad-lacZ vector served as the control group. Four weeks after the inoculation of the virus, NT3 immunoreactivity was observed in the Ad-NT3 inoculated group. HE histochemical staining results showed that in the Ad-lacZ injected group, the neuronal degeneration was severer and the density of spiral ganglion neurons was significantly lower than those in the Ad-NT3 injected group. Our results demonstrate that with adenovirus-mediated overexpression NT3 may be developed into a new treatment to prevent secondary spiral ganglion degeneration following the damage to Corti organ.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Cochlea ; pathology ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; Guinea Pigs ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; pathology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Neurotrophin 3 ; genetics ; Recombination, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence rate of hypertension and the risk factors in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population.

METHODSA total of 1068 people of Hei Yi Zhuang nationality aged 20 and over were surveyed. Blood pressure, height, weight, serum lipid and apolipoprotein levels were measured ,and both body surface areas and body mass index were calculated. Results were compared with those in 933 people of Han nationality living in the same district.

RESULTSThe prevalence rates of hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang population were significantly higher than that in Han population (25.2% vs. 17.3%, P < 0.001) ,as well as the isolated systolic hypertension (12.5% vs. 3.9%, P < 0.001). The mean levels of systolic pressure and pulse pressure in Hei Yi Zhuang population were significantly higher than those in Han population (125.20 +/- 18.62 vs. 121.88 +/- 15.99 mm Hg, P < 0.001 and 48.64 +/- 14.75 vs. 44.98 +/- 11.12 mm Hg, P <.001; respectively). The prevalence rate of hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang population was positively correlated with triglyceride, sex and age whereas the prevalence rate of hypertension in Han population was positively correlated with total cholesterol, sex, age, and alcohol consumption. Rates of awareness on hypertension in Hei Yi Zhuang and Han population were 8.6% vs. 21.1% (P <.001), patients with treatment rate of established hypertension were 4.5 vs. 15.5 (P < 0.001) with the control rates as 1.9 vs. 10.6 (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence rate of hypertension in Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang population was significantly higher than that in Han ethnic group. The causes of high prevalence rate of hypertension might be ascribed to special geographical surroundings, unhealthy life style, high sodium intake, low education, and possibly genetic factors. The rates on awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were still under satisfaction.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; therapy ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Residence Characteristics ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the safe time of sterile equipments used in laminar flow operating room.Methods In ten operations ( Class Ⅰ ) which last 8 or more hours,we sampled preoperative air,surgery equipments 4 h,6 h,8 h pre and intra-operatively,and surgical personnel' s hands for bacterial culture.Results There was no growth of bacteria in the sampling of preoperative air,surgical personnel's hands and surgical instruments during operation,pass rate was 100％.Conclusions The sterile equipments used in the same operation could be used safely for 8 hours in operating room where the condition of Level 100 laminar flow reached.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of ecoimmunonutrition supplement on intestinal microecology, epithelial tight junctions, and barrier function in rats with surgical stress.

METHODSSeventy SD rats after surgical trauma were randomly divided into four groups:(1) placebo group,(2)total parenteral nutrition(TPN) group,(3)enteral nutrition(EN) group and (4)ecoimmunonutrition (EEN)group respectively. Rats received isocaloric and isonitrogenous nutrition. Nutrients were administered via the neck vein and the needle jejunostomy for five days. The homogenated tissues of liver, lung, and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured to determine the bacterial translocation rate. The transmembrane binding proteins(occludin) was measured by immunohistochemistry. The ultrastructure and morphology of intestinal epithelial tight junctions in the intestine were observed by electron microscope. The feces in cecum was cultured for anaerobic bacterial growth and analysed.

RESULTSThe amounts of lactobacteria and bifidobacteria in EEN group were significantly higher than those in TPN group(P<0.05). The expression levels of occludin in the intestine was significantly higher in EEN group than that in TPN and EN group. Furthermore, the intestinal epithelial tight junction and microvilli of EEN group were more intact compared with those of TPN group. The bacterial translocation rates of liver, lung and mesenteric lymph nodes were significantly lower in EEN and EN group than those in TPN group(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONApplication of ecoimmunonutrition can protect intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with operative stress, increase the expression of occludin, maintain the gut epithelial tight junction, and eliminate gut bacterial translocation.

Animals ; Enteral Nutrition ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; microbiology ; Intestinal Mucosa ; physiopathology ; Male ; Probiotics ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; adverse effects