Coronary Restenosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; etiology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the hepatoprotective effects of six different polysaccharides from Dendrobium huoshanense (DHP), D. officinale (DOP'), D. fimbriatum (DFP), D. chrysotoxum (DCP), D. nobile (DNF) and D. moniliforme (DMP) against alcohol-induced subacute liver injury in mice. METHODS: The mice were randomized into the normal control, alcohol control, positive control and Dendrobium treatment groups. Dendrobium treatment groups were divided into different sub-groups, which were intragastrically administered with high(200 mg · kg-1), middle(100 mg · kg-1) and low(50 mg · kg-1) dosages of six Dendrobium polysaccharides for 30 d, respectively. The positive control group were orally administrated with Lyceum barbarum polysaccharides (200 mg · kg-1 b. w) for 30 d. The normal control and alcohol control groups were fed with distilled water at the same volume as polysaccharide for 30 d. On the 16th day, the mice in all groups except the normal control group were intragastrically administered with alcohol(30%, V/V, 10 mL · kg-1) once a day for 14 d to induce subacute liver injury. After the last administration, the mice were fasted for 4 h and euthanized with pentobarbital solution for body weight measurement, blood sampling from abdominal aorta and liver tissue sampling. Then, serum biochemical parameters including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) were analyzed and hepatic biochemical parameters including TC, TG, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, GR, GST), glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) were determined. Meanwhile, the histopathological changes in liver tissues were observed and the mRNA expression of hepatic CYP2E1, TNF-α and IL-1β in mice were measured. RESULTS: Compared with the alcohol control group, different polysaccharides from six Dendrobium species showed different hepatoprotective effects against alcohol-induced liver injury. Among all tested polysaccharides, DHP and DOP possessed the highest potential for protecting the liver from hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol intake, which was evidenced by the decreased levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, TC, TG and LDL-C in serum and TC, TG, MDA, CYP2E1, TNF-α and IL-1β in hepatic tissues, the increased levels of HDL-C in serum and SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, GR, GST, GSH, ADH and ALDH in hepatic tissues, and the ameliorated histopathological changes of hepatic tissues. CONCLUSION: DHP and DOP can protect against hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol intake in mice by inhibition of hepatic oxidative damage and inflammatory damage. The differences of hepatoprotective effects between different Dendrobium polysaccharides might be related to their differences in chemical structures including molecular weight, monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Phosphines ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; diagnosis ; therapy

According to the supply and demand equilibrium research on stomatological professionals, a conclusion could be drawn that the stomatological professionals are in serious shortage. Some strategies to support the demand of stomatological professionals are raised in this essay, such as widening the teaching objectives, stratified recruiting, enhancing the school-running ability of the main stomatological university and so on.
China ; Humans ; Oral Medicine

Bufalin is an active compound of the traditional Chinese medicine Chansu, which exhibits significant anti-tumor activities in many solid tumors and leukemia cell lines. Bufalin could introduce apoptosis, reverse drug-resistance, and prevent migration and invasion of tumor cells. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect and mechanism of bufalin on a series of cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, leukemia, bladder cancer, and its formulation study is also summarized for the reference of its further study and application.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Bufanolides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology

Objective To analysis and determine the possibility of the Citellus undulatus infected with Yersinia pestis surviving the winter in an experimental study, and to provide scientific experimental basis for the study on the mechanism of Yersinia pestis preservation. Method In 2006,09 to 2007,04 and 2007,09 to 2008,04 in Xinjiang Wusu-Gurtu natural foci of plague, under natural conditions, the over the winter process of Citellus undulatus carrying the plague bacteria was simulated, and 178 Citellus undulatus were infected with Yersinia pestis (1×107 Bacteria/mouse) using artificial injection method. One hundred seventy-eight Citellus undulatus infected with Yersinia pestis were kept into a construction of the black (1-5 ℃) basement (2 meters under the ground) in the plague focus. In doing so, these Citellus undulatuses almost simultaneously stepped into hibernation. After waking up from hibernation in following year in April, the survived mice carrying the plague bacteria were observed. Results Sixty-eight mice survived among the 178 infected with Yersinia pestis after 6 months of hibernation (through October to the following year in April), and the remaining 110 were all dead without pulling through the hibernation period. The survival rate was 38.2% (68/178). The organ culture of Yersinia pestis of the 110 dead mice(Citellus undnlatus) were tested, 67 were negative(-), 43 positive(+), with a positive rate of 39.1%(43/110). Among the rats with positive plague bacteria, the congestive pulmonary edema and the pathological changes of the hemorrhagic inflammation of the heart, liver, spleen, kidney and injection site could be seen clearly; the plague-free mice were not found to have any pathological changes. The survived 68 mice over the winter were autopsied and observed after being fed up for 20 days. No any pathological changes were found among these mice, and culturing of Yersinia pestis of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs and the tissue of injection site of these mice were all negative (-). Conclusions Citellus undulatus can carry Yersinia pestis during hibernation, but some fail to carry the bacteria through the entire process of hibernation persistently. Yersinia pestis was negative in the survived mice at the end of hibernation. The results showed that Citellus undulatus can not carry Yersinia pestis over the winter.

Cocrystal separation technology is a technology that utilizes coformers to selectively form cocrystals with target compounds and separate them from mixed systems. Our study used puerarin (PUE), daidzein (DDZ), and genistein (GEN) as model drugs, which have similar structures and are the main isoflavones in Pueraria lobata root. The separation and purification processes in the modern traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) of these three components use conventional column chromatography, recrystallization, and other technologies, which have the issues of lengthy separation cycles, high solvent consumption, and inefficient preparation. Different with existing separation technology, our team used the early-found cocrystal separation method to design a step-by-step extraction and separation experiment of GEN-PUE-DDZ ternary mixture. Caffeine and L-proline were added to the mixed system in turn, GEN-caffeine cocrystal and PUE-proline cocrystal were prepared by suspension method. The cocrystals precipitated out of the solution. The purities of the GEN-caffeine cocrystal and the PUE-proline cocrystal could achieve 93% (the purity of GEN) and 99% (the purity of PUE). Besides, the purity of DDZ could also be increased by 6.76 times. This study proposed a simple operating, low cost and wide application range separation method different from the traditional separation method and realized the separation of structurally similar chemical components in TCM, laying a foundation for the application of cocrystal technology in the separation and refining of TCM.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of our self-designed ultradistal locking tool in the intramedullary nailing for tibial fractures.Methods From January 2014 to May 2016,175 patients with tibial fracture were treated at our department.They were 119 men and 56 women,from 19 to 73 years of age (average,46.3 years).They were divided into 2 groups according to the different targeting devices used in the intramedullary nailing.Conventional locking tools were used in the 83 patients from January 2014 to January 2015 and our self-designed new ultradistal locking tools in the 92 patients from February 2015 to May 2016.The 2 groups were compared in terms of operation time,frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy,and successful rate of one-time locking.Results There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in general clinical data(P ＞ 0.05),showing similarities of the 2 groups.The operation time(59.8 ±4.3 min),frequency of intraoperative fluoroscopy(11.0 ± 2.1 times),and rate of one-time successful locking[94.4％ (238/252)] in the ultradistal locking group were significantly better than those in the conventional locking group [73.6 ± 5.3 min,23.0 ± 3.8 times and 85.7％ (180/210),respectively] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Our new ultradistal locking tools are superior to the conventional ones in that they lead to shorter operation time,less intraoperative fluoroscopy and higher successful rate of one-time locking.Additionally,the new locking tools are easy to handle and incur no extra costs.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Liuweidihuang (LWDH) pills on plasma adiponectin level in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats.

METHODSForty male OLETF rats were randomized into LWDH and control OLETF groups (n=20), and 10 male Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats served as the normal control group (LETO group). The rats in LWDH group were given LWDH pills (daily dose of 2.4 mg/kg) intragastrically since the age of 8 weeks, and the two control groups received water only. Regular blood glucose test was performed using oral glucose tolerance test, and the body weight and food intake of the rats were recorded on a weekly basis. At 8, 32 and 40 weeks of age, respectively, the rats were sacrificed for measurement of plasma adiponectin and plasma insulin.

RESULTSThe food intake of the OLETF rats in both groups were significantly greater than the LETO rats (P<0.01). The rats in LWDH group developed diabetes since 30 weeks of age with an incidence of 28.6% at 40 weeks, which was significantly lower than that in the control OLETF rats (P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONPlasma adiponectin level is positively correlated to insulin sensitivity in OLETF rats, in which LWDH pills can increase the plasma level of adiponectin and improve the status of insulin resistance.

Adiponectin ; blood ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Eating ; drug effects ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred OLETF ; Rats, Long-Evans

Objective To explore the clinical outcomes of locking plate fixation of intertrochanteric fractures in patients with deformed proximal femur.Methods A retrospective review was made of the 25 patients with intertrochanteric fracture and deformed proximal femur who had been treated from January 2009 to July 2015.They were 17 men and 8 women,from 22 to 76 years of age (mean,45.2 years).The proximal femoral deformities were postpoliomyelitis syndrome in 6 cases,fibrous dysplasia in 4,malunion in 13,and hip varus caused by implant breakage following intramedullary nailing in 2.By AO classification,there were 4 cases of type 31-A2.1,3 ones of type 31-A2.2,16 ones of type 31-A3.1,and 2 ones of type 31-A3.2.All the patients were treated by open reduction plus locking plate fixation.At the final follow-up,function of the affected hip was evaluated by the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS),and quality of life of the patients was evaluated using the SF-36 health survey questionnaire.Results The 25 patients were effectively followed up for 12 to 24 months (mean,17.4 months).No infection,pneumonia,fat embolism,or deep venous thrombosis of lower limb was observed.The fractures healed without nonunion or refracture after a mean time of 5.9 months (range,from 3 to 6 months) in the 25 patients.By the HOOS evaluation at the final follow-ups,the 25 patients scored,on average,83.7± 15.6 in pain,55.6± 14.1 in symptoms,53.6 ± 9.5 in daily living function,52.7 ± 8.9 in sports and recreational activities and 62.4 ± 12.3 in quality of life;by SF-36 evaluation,they had a mean total score of 71.2 ± 13.8.Both the HOOS and SF-36 scores were not significantly different from the pre-injury values (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Locking plate fixation is a simple and effective way for the intertrochanteric fractures complicated with deformed proximal femur because intramedullary nailing is difficult or infeasible.