Objective:The relationship between the effect of early metabolism in 18F-FDG PET/CT and conventional CT based on the RE-CIST standard to evaluate the best objective response after chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Meth-ods:We studied 40 patients with unresectable locally advanced or advanced NSCLC that were confirmed pathologically. The patients were 35 years old to 78 years old and included 31 males and 9 females. Three patients have unresectable stageⅢA, 8 patients have stageⅢB, 29 patients have stageⅣ, 12 patients have squamous cell carcinoma, and 28 patients have adenocarcinoma. The PET/CT for the effect of chemotherapy was evaluated in NSCLC according to the SUV standard (SUVmax reduction>30%of primary lung can-cer after one cycle of chemotherapy), and the CT for the effect of chemotherapy was evaluated on the basis of NSCLC according to the RECIST standard. The objectives of the study are as follows:compare the differences and consistency between 18F-FDG PET/CT metabol-ic response after the first cycle of chemotherapy and the RECIST best objective response after the first or second cycle of chemothera-py with the paired chi-square test and kappa test;calculate the 18F-FDG PET/CT to predict the best objective response of two cycles of chemotherapy according to RECIST on the basis of NSCLC in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and neg-ative predictive value;compare the differences in SUVmax reduction between the metabolic remission group and metabolic no relief group with the two-sample t-test. All statistical methods were 0.05 for the inspection level, and P<0.05 was considered statistically sig-nificant difference (SPSS19.0). Results:Differences were found between the first cycle of chemotherapy for the RECIST best objective response and 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic response (χ2=5.063, P=0.021), and the results had bad consistency (Kappa=0.240, P=0.085). No differences were observed between the second cycle of chemotherapy for the RECIST best objective response and 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic response (χ2=2.083, P=0.146);the results had good consistency (Kappa=0.413, P=0.006). The sensitivity, specificity, accura-cy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 82%, 61%, 70%, 61%, and 82%, respectively. The differences in SUV-max reduction between the metabolic remission group and metabolic no relief group with the two-sample t-test were statistically sig-nificant (P<0.001). Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET/CT may predict the best objective response to chemotherapy for NSCLC patients. Com-pared with conventional CT, 18F-FDG PET/CT can be an early and accurate way to evaluate the chemotherapy effect in NSCLC.

Objective To establish a specific fluorescence quantitative method for determining the mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor3(TLR3)in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs).Methods Using the Beacon Designer 2.1 software,specific primers and Taqman-MGB probe were designed.The plasmid pMD18-T-TLR3 was constructed as calibrator and the amplified fragment was obtained by reverse- transcript-PCR(RT-PCR).RNA quantification based on cycle threshold values(Ct)was used to establish the standard curve.According to which,the TLR3 mRNA levels in 30 normal individuals,20 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC)and 20 ones with chronic liver cirrhosis induced by HBV were calculated automatically by software after the fluorescence of PCR product was detected continuously during amplification.Results The linear detection range of the assay for TLR3 gene and ?-actin was 10~2-10~8(r= -0.9974)and 10~3～10~8(r=-0.9984),respectively.The coefficient of variation of both intra-and inter- assay reproducibility for high concentration sample were 6.7% and 8.7%,respectively,and those for low concentration sample were 12.3% and 14.0%.The TLR3 mRNA expression level ranges from 3.46?10~2- 4.51?10~3 copies/?g RNA,4.92?10~2-1.42?10~4 copies/?g RNA and 2.58?10~2-7.17?10~3 copies/?g RNA for 30 healthy individuals,20 PBC patients and 20 ones with chronic liver cirrhosis induced by HBV, respectively.Conclusion We have successfully set up a FQ-RT-PCR method for detecting TLR3 mRNA, which may be used as an excellent tool for the clinic and basic study on the expression of TLR3 gene.

0.05).ConclusionThe neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy can improve the sphincter-saving rate,probably can improve the resection rate and reduce the recurrence rate for the middle-lower rectal carcinoma.

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and 64 multi-slice spiral CT (64-MSCT) for coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Fifty-two patients with suspected or known CAD were included in the study. Each patient underwent both stress and rest MPI,MSCT as well as conventional coronary angiography (CAG) within 1 month. The stress and rest MPI were scored by a 5-grade criteria (0 ～ 4) based on 17 coronary artery segments. The difference between summed stress and rest scores ＞ 1 was defined as myocardial ischemia. Stenosis in one main vessel or one main branch of the main vessel ≥50% was defined as myocardial ischemia by MSCT. CAG was used as the reference for comparison. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13. 0 software. Kappa value was used to test the accordance of MPI and MSCT results. X2 test was used to evaluate the difference between MPI and MSCT results. Results The patient-based sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of MPI and MSCT for the diagnosis of CAD were 86.7% (26/30), 77.3% ( 17/22),83.9% (26/31), 81.0% ( 17/21), 82.7% (43/52) and 83.3% ( 25/30), 86.4% ( 19/22), 89.3%( 25/28), 79.2% ( 19/24), 84.6% (44/52), respectively. The vessel-based sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of MPI and MSCT were 74.5% (38/51), 81.0% (85/105 ), 65.5% (38/58), 86.7% ( 85/98), 78.8% ( 123/156 ) and 90.2% (46/51 ), 88.6% ( 93/105 ),79.3 % (46/58), 94.9% (93/98), 89.1% ( 139/156), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between MPI and MSCT for either patient or lesion-based diagnosis (X2 =0.44, 0.21, both P ＞0.05 ). 96.0% (24/25) patients with both abnormal MPI and MSCT positive were valified by CAG while 83.3% (15/18) patients with both MPI and MSCT negative were excluded by CAG. Conclusions Both MPI and MSCT are reliable diagnostic modalities for CAD. They also provide complementary diagnostic value to each other.

Amifostine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Benzene ; toxicity ; Blood ; drug effects ; Blood Cell Count ; Male ; Mice ; Random Allocation

AIMTo study the therapeutic effects of N,N'-diacetyl-L-cystine (DiNAC) on immunological liver failure.

METHODSSerum ALT, AST and T cell subsets in peripheral blood of the experimental animals during the trial period were analyzed by an automatic serum analyzer and a flow cytometer, respectively. The sectioned liver specimens were examined under a light microscope. And 24 h after the injection of Gal/LPS, the survival rate of rats was calculated.

RESULTSDiNAC (50, 200, 800 mg x kg(-1), i.p.) suppressed the elevation of serum levels of ALT and AST, markedly enhanced proliferation and differentiation of T cell subsets (CD4+, CD8+ and Th1, Th2), and improved all the histopathological features. In mice of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), the survival time significantly prolonged and the survival rate increased 24 h after i.p. DiNAC. These effects were obviously dose-dependent.

CONCLUSIONDiNAC on mice with FHF has an inhibitory action which is related to immune mechanism.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; CD4 Antigens ; metabolism ; CD8 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cystine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Failure, Acute ; blood ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; T-Lymphocytes ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of different drug dosage to activate blood circulation and to nourish Qi on cardiac function and structure of heart failure rats after acute myocardial infarction.

METHODThe congestive heart failure post cardiac infarction rats models subjected to left coronary occlusion were made and given different dosage of drug of Huoxue Yiqi and captopril (positive control) from 4 weeks to 8 weeks after operation. The cardiac function before and after using drugs were observed by impedance methods.

RESULTTreated by different dosage of drug of Huoxue Yiqi and captopil, cardiac function of heart failure rats after acute myocardial infarction improved, SV, CO, CI(P < 0.01); at the same time, prescription of Huoxue Yiqi and Qixue could improve the model rats' heart coefficient, VS SHAM(P > 0.05), but prescription of Yiqi Huoxue and captopril could not improve it.

CONCLUSIONDrug to activate blood circulation and to increase qi can treat heart failure rats after acute myocardial infarction, through improving their function and structure. At the same time, more dosage of drug to activate blood circulation and to increase qi(Huoxue/Yiqi drug) may improve the model rats' heart coefficient.

Animals ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Heart Failure ; etiology ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Objective To determine the curative effect of dilation for achalasia with temporary cardia stent in different diameters based on a long-term follow-up.Methods The study cohort was comprised of 135 patients of achalasia.Among them differentiated by stent diameters as followings:30 patients were treated under fluoroscopy with dilation of temporary cardia stent in 20 mm diameter(group A), 30 patients with dilation of temporary eardia stent in 25 mm diameter(group B),and 75 patients with dilation of temporary cardia stent in 30 mm diameter(group C).135 cardia stents were temporarily placed in the 135 patients and withdrawn after 3 -5 days via gastroscopy.All the stents were inserted and withdrawn successfully.The follow-up in all groups lasted 6-128 months.Results Six(20.0%)out of 30 patients,6(20.0%)out of 30 patients,5(22.7%)out of 22 patieuts,6(37.5%)out of 16 patients,5 out of 9 patients,3 out of 3 patients in group A exhibited dysphagia relapse during 6 months,1 year,3 years,5 years,8 years,and 10 years follow-up,respectively. Four(13.3%)out of 30 patients,4(13.3%)out of 30 patients,3(13.0%)out of 23 patients,4(22.2%)out of 18 patients,5(45.5%)out of 11 patients,and 3 out of 4 patients in group B exhibited dysphagia relapse during 6 months,1 year,3 years,5 years,8 years,and 10 years follow-up,respectively.No(0.0%)out of 75 patients, 1(1.5%)out of 66 patients,4(8.3%)out of 48 patients,6(18.2%)out of 33 patients,6(33.3%)out of 18 patients,2 out of 5 patients in group C exhibited dysphagia relapse during 6 months,1 year,3 years,5 years,8 years,and 10 years follow-up,respectively.Conclusion Dilation with temporary cardia metal stent in 30 mm diameter is the best dilation for achalasia in long-term follow-up.

Urine samples from 72 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) were analyzed and compared to those from 33 diabetic patients without albuminuria and 29 normal controls,using SELDI-TOF-MS (surface enhanced laser desorptiort/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry) and Biomarker Patterns Software,to identify differences in protein profile,generate a tree analysis pattern and evaluate the validity of the decision tree.The intensities of 6 peaks detected appeared upregulated,while 11 peaks downregulated,in DN group as compared to nonDN groups more than 2 folds (P

Objective To explore the effect and indication of splenectomy in liver transplantation.Methods From January 2001 to April 2006,260 patients underwent piggyback orthotopic liver transplantation(PBOLT),and 28 patients had undergone combined PBOLT and splenectomy(splenectomy group).These patients were compared to 56 randomly selected non-splenectomy patients from the same transplant period,meaningly two controls were se- lected for every non-spleneetomy case.Two groups were analyzed with respect to rate of infection and survival rate, as well as biopsy-proven acute allograft rejection within 30 days after transplantation.Results Rate of infection in the splenectomy group was higher than that in the non-splenectomy patients(85.7% vs 55.4%,P