Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; genetics ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; etiology ; genetics

Candida albicans ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism

Objective:To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptors(TLRs)signaling pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)with nasal polyps.Method:Gene microarray analysis was used to detect the expression of TLRs signaling pathway in CRS with nasal polyps.Result:Of 19 differentially expressed(two-fold changes),4genes were upregulated and 15 genes were downregulated.Conclusion:The differentially expressed genes in TLRs signaling pathway may exert its effect in the pathogenesis of CRS.In addition,the roles of TLR9 and its agonists need further study.

There are two populations of bacteria to affect the formation of urinary stones in humanity. The first one can promote the formation of urinary stone by increasing urinary pH, decreasing concentration of urinary inhibitors , and damaging the protective urothelial glycosaminoglycan layer. The second inhibit the formation of urinary stones. These bacteria ( mainly the intestinal oxalate degrading bacteria such as Oxalobacter formigenes, lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis etc) can decrease urinary oxalate concentration by regulating exogenous oxalate. The problems faced and the developing direction were also indicated.

score, prostate volume and peak urinary flow rate, correlate with BPH, but not with nocturia. Keeping a detailed urinary diary for the patients is beneficial for elucidating their urinary function and in decision-making of their treatment regimen.

A? plays a crucial role in Alzheimer's Disease and the soluble A? oligomers have been recognized as the emerging neurotoxins,which ultimately cause memory impairment and neuronal loss through different mechanisms.The development of novel drugs targeting A? oligomers indicates new and promising therapy approaches for AD.The pathological roles as the proximal toxins in AD and the compounds,targeting soluble A? oligomers,which are currently in preclinical and early clinical development,are reviewed.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of CT staging for esophageal cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis of 304 patients treated,from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1998 chiefly with radiotherapy(126 conventional radiotherapy,55-65 Gy/27-35 fx/5.5-7.0 w;178 late-course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy ,55-60 Gy/33-36 fx/ 4.5 -5.5 w)complete with CT data before treatment was done. The long survival was compared with pre-therapy CT findings and CT staging. ResultsThe survival rate of stage T1+T2 was very significantly different from those lesion with stage T3,T4(? 2=12.90,P0.05).The survival rates of patients positive for lymph nodes or distant metastasis were lower. Conclusion CT staging is quite optimal for non-operable esophageal cancer in clinical staging,as it is conducive to predict the prognosis.

Objective To analyze the impact of age on the detection rate,grade and stage of prostate cancer in patients with prostate specific antigen (PSA) 4-10 μg/L.Methods A retrospective analysis was made in 426 patients with PSA 4-10 μg/L who underwent prostate biopsy and divided into 4 group according to their age less than 60 (n=33),60-69 (n=163),70-79 (n=202) and more than 80 (n=28) to compare the correlation between age and the cancer detective rate.Among them,115 patients,diagnosed as prostate cancer,were further divided into 4 group according to their age less than 60 (n =3),60-69 (n=32),70-79 (n=69) and more than 80 (n=11).The correlation between age and the Gleason score or clinical stage was analyzed in 115 prostate cancer patients.Results The detective rate in each group was 9.1％ (3/33),19.6％ (32/163),34.2％ (69/202) and 39.3％ (11/28).There was significant difference in prostate cancer detective rate among those groups.The cancer detective rate became significantly higher as the age increased (P＜0.001).In the patients with prostate cancer,the number of patients with Gleason score more than 7 in each group was 1 (50.0％),11 (37.9％),30 (44.8％),7 (63.6％).No significant correlation was found between age and grade (P=0.292 4).And each group had cases with localized prostate cancer was 2 (100.0％),14 (60.9％),39 (78.0％),4 (66.7％),with locally advanced prostate cancer 0,5 (21.7％),7 (14.0％),1 (16.7％),with metastatic prostate cancer 0,4 (17.4％),4(8.0％),1 (16.7％).No significant difference was found between each group and clinical stage (P =0.101 6,P=0.285 2,P=0.349 1).Conclusions The prostate cancer detective rate significantly increases with the age increasing.There is no significant correlation between age and grade or clinical stage in the patients with PSA 4-10 μg/L.

Objective To describe and analyze the distribution of medical expenditure of Liaoning province in 2014 in terms of population beneficiary based on the System of Health Accounts 2011(SHA 2011).Methods By means of multistage and stratified sampling, a total of 252 medical institutions were selected from four cities in Liaoning province according to their economic status and geographical distribution.Macro data including the outpatient income and hospitalization income were taken into account, to calculate the beneficiary population of the province in 2014 according to SHA2011.Results GBD classification found that the highest medical expenditure category was non-communicable diseases, accounting for 63.02% in total medical expenditure.ICD classification found that respiratory disease as consuming the highest medical expenses (43.76%).The average medical expenditure of the elderly population was the highest per person, up to 3 041.70 yuan per person.Conclusions Medical expenses of non-communicable diseases, respiratory disease and elderly population were still high.Thus we need to emphasize disease prevention, and take efficient measures against such key diseases to curb the medical expenses.The elderly population calls for specific and effective measures to reduce their medical expenses.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum diamine oxidase(DAO) levels in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) and their relationship with computed tomography severity index(CTSI) score and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Methods A total of 60 SAP patients were recruited into group SAP,the other 40 healthy people were recruited into control group,DAO,lactic acid,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),intestinal trilobites factor(ITF),cream ball epidermal growth factor 8(MFG-E8) were compared in the two groups.Results DAO,lactic acid,TNF-α in SAP group with onset within 72 hours were(3.09±1.33)U/mL,(928.50±69.37)ng/mL and (269.41±31.85)pg/mL,which were significantly higher than(1.20±0.58)U/mL,(311.64±38.25)ng/mL and (38.24 ± 3.03)pg/mL in the control group,the differences were statistical significant(P<0.05).The serum levels of ITF,MFG-E8 in SAP group were(3.60±0.35)ng/mL,(81.49±27.32)pg/mL,which were significant lower than(4.39±0.26)ng/mL,(234.17±49.08)pg/mL in the control group,the differences were statistical significant(P<0.05).In the SAP group,the serum levels of DAO showed significant positive correlations with D-lactate,TNF-α levels,CTSI score,APACHEⅡ score,gastrointestinal dysfunction score(P<0.05),but had significant negative correlation with ITF,MFG-E8(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum DAO level evaluated significantly in patients with SAP,and closely related to the severity of the disease and the dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract.