Objective To determine the correlation between intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis; and STAT3 activation during murine severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods Wistar rats were divided into four groups (12 in each group): S (sham), C (control), A (SAP), N (NAC was given 1 hour before SAP).Samples were obtained 3 or 24 hours after for the determination of plasma D-lactate, intestinal mucosa MDA and XO, immunohistochemical staining for PCNA.Apoptosis of the epithelial cell was examined with TUNEL and DNA laddering.The expressions of Bcl-2? Bax? p-STAT3 in intestinal mucosa were assessed by Western blot.Results Plasma D-lactate and intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis increased in group A, especially at 24 hours after operation ( P

Objective To compare four methods of monitoring vascularization of tissue engineered bone in the rhesus so as to find our the best. Methods Twenty-five lower limbs of 13 rhesuses were used in this study to make models of tibial diaphyseal defect of 20mm which were to be fixed with an AO reconstruction plate of 7 holes. The monkeys were randomly divided into five groups according to defect filling materials: group A:?-tricalcium phosphate (?-TCP) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and blood vessel bundles; group B:?-TCP and blood vessel bundles; group C:?-TCP and BMSCs; group D:?-TCP; group E: blank. Perfusion weighted MR imaging (PWMR), X-ray, radionuclide imaging and histological examinations were carried out at weeks 4, 8, 12 postop- eratively. The maximum slope rates of the single intensity-time curve (SS_(max)) and values of baseline (Sl_(?))were calculated at the same time points. Transmittances of the X-ray films were assessed. Ratios between isotope counts in region of interest (ROI) were calculated. Chinese ink perfusion and calculation of blood vessel areas were done for histological examinations, Results Compared with other groups, the SS_(max) in group A was the highest at weeks 4, 8, 12 postoperatively. In group A, the SS_(max) at week eight was significantly higher than that at week four (P= 0. 003), and the SS_(max) and transmittance of X-ray were negatively related at week 12 after operation (rs=-0. 892, P=0. 042), but the SS_(max) and blood vessel area were positively related (rs=0. 894, P=0.041)Conclusions PWMR can be a sensitive, quantitative, noninvasive and non-radiant method to monitor vascularization of tissue engineered bone, because SS_(max) of the single intensity-time curve of PWMR can reflect the most accurately the process of vascularization of tissue engineered bone.

Objective To determine the distribution and influencing factors(dehydration method, storage time and chili varieties) of arsenic contents in chilies from southwest China, and the relationship between arsenic content and selenium content in chilies. Methods There were 272 dried chili samples, 76 groups of fresh chili samples and its corresponding soil samples, which were collected from the markets and peasant households in 76 counties of 9 regions in southwest China, and 36 dried chilies from other regions in China and abroad as a comparison. Their dehydration methods and storage time were investigated. The chilies were classified by Bailey Criteria. Arsenic content and selenium content in chilies were determined with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Arsenic content in soils were determined with water bath hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrum. Results Their ranges of arsenic content in dried chili and fresh chili were 0.2 - 16 637.3,0.2 - 295.8 μg/kg, respectively. The median of arsenic content in the dried chili was 106.9 μg/kg while it was 0.2 μg/kg (dry weight) in the fresh chili. The chilies median arsenic of different drying methods and storage time, in order were: the furnace-dried stored for more 1 than year( 197.3 μg/kg), the sun-dried stored for more than 1 year (130.7 μg/kg), the furnace-dried stored for less than 1 year(94.1 μg/kg), the sun-dried stored for less than 1 year (55.5 μg/kg). The arsenic content of different kinds of solar-dried chilies and roast chilies were different. In solar-dried chilies, the median of arsenic contents from a order of high to low sequences were cluster chili (101.5 μg/kg), cherry chili (95.6 μg/kg), corn chili (86.8 μg/kg), and long chili (47. 1 μg/kg); in roast chilies, the median of arsenic contents from a order of high to low sequences were cherry chili(275.5 μg/kg), cluster chili (173.0 μg/kg), corn chili( 164.3 μg/kg), and long chili( 136.8 μg/kg). The medians of chilies from other regions of China and Turkey were higher than that of southwest China, their median were 125.8,112.3 μg/kg, respectively;the medians of chilies from America, France, and other countries were lower than that of southwest China, their median were 29.4,54.1,85.3 μg/kg, respectively. There was no significant correlation between fresh chilies and its corresponding soil arsenic(r = 0.010, P ＞ 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the amount of arsenic and selenium in chilies(r = 0.616, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The arsenic of dried chilies from southwest China was higher than that of fresh chilies. The arsenic of chili was different with different dehydration methods and storage time. There was a significant positive correlation between the amount of arsenic and selenium in chilies.

This research is to study the relationship between HPLC fingerprints of Moutan Cortex, Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba and their activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. HPLC fingerprints of each extract of Moutan Cortex,Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Paeoniae Radix Alba were established by an optimized HPLC-MS method. The activities of all samples against protein and tumor necrosis a factor were tested by the model of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. The possible relationship between HPLC-MS fingerprints and the activitieswere deduced by the Partial least squares regression analysis method. Samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS to identify the major peaks. The results showed that each sample had some effect on acute lung injury. Four components with a lager contribution rate of efficacy were calculated by the research of spectrum-effect relationship. Moutan Cortex exhibited good activity on acute lung injury, and gallic acid, paeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin and paeonol were the main effective components.
Acetophenones ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Gallic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect and mechanism of compound Rhizoma Coptidis capsule (CRCC) on diabetic nephropathy in experimental rats.

METHODThe rat model of early diabetic nephropathy was induced by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were divided into 6 groups: normal control group, model group, 3 CRCC treatment groups and XKW treatment group. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), insulin (Ins) and urinary protein (Upro) were tested 30 days later. The expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and type IV collagen (IV-C) proteins and the pathological changes in renal tissue of diabetic rats with nephropathy were observed by optical micrography.

RESULTCRCC could reduce the levels of FBG, BUN, Cr, Upro and the expression of TGF-beta1 and IV-C proteins, and alleviate pathological lesion in renal tissue of diabetic rats with nephropathy.

CONCLUSIONCRCC may protect the renal function and slow down the progression of diabetic nephropathy in rats by suppressing the expression of TGF-beta1 and IV-C proteins in renal tissue.

Animals ; Collagen Type IV ; metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

The safety and efficacy of combined low dose aspirin and warfarin therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation after mechanical heart valve replacement were evaluated. A total of 1016 patients (620 females, mean age of 36.8±7.7 years) admitted for cardiac valve replacement and complicated with atrial fibrillation after surgery were randomly divided into study (warfarin plus 75-100 mg aspirin) or control (warfarin only) groups. International normalized ratio (INR) and prothrombin time were maintained at 1.8-2.5 and 1.5-2.0 times the normal values, respectively. Thromboembolic events and major bleedings were registered during the follow-up period. Patients were followed up for 24±9 months. The average dose of warfarin in the study and control groups was 2.91±0.83 mg and 2.88±0.76 mg, respectively (P>0.05). The incidence of overall thromboembolic events in study group was lower than that in control group (2.16% vs. 4.35%, P=0.049). No statistically significant differences were found in hemorrhage events (3.53% vs. 3.95%, P=0.722) or mortality (0.20% vs. 0.40%, P=0.559) between the two groups. Combined low dose aspirin and warfarin therapy in the patients with atrial fibrillation following mechanical heart valve replacement significantly decreased thromboembolic events as compared with warfarin therapy alone. This combined treatment was not associated with an increase in the risk of major bleeding or mortality.
Adult ; Anticoagulants ; administration & dosage ; Aspirin ; administration & dosage ; Atrial Fibrillation ; blood ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; adverse effects ; Humans ; International Normalized Ratio ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; blood ; drug therapy ; Prothrombin Time ; Warfarin ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between estrogen and the development of hemangioma.

METHODSThe expression of EST and ER in samples from the thirty-eight cases of hemangioma and six cases of normal control group was examined with the immunohistochemical steptavidin peroxidase conjugated method (SP method).

RESULTSThe EST in capillary hemangioma expressed significantly higher than in the cavernous hemangioma, the racemose hemangioma or the control group. Although the EST in cavernous hemangioma and racemose hemangioma also expressed higher than in the control, there are no statistical differences among them. The ER only expressed in some cases in the capillary hemangioma group. No sexual difference was shown in the expressions of the EST and the ER.

CONCLUSIONThis study shows that there may be a relationship existed between the estrogen and the capillary hemangioma. It may indicate that some capillary hemangioma may be possibly treated by the drugs.

Case-Control Studies ; Estrogens ; metabolism ; Female ; Hemangioma, Capillary ; metabolism ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism

There is evidence that 5-7 d after acute seizure episodes induced by kainic acid (KA) the rats develop a long-lasting increase in the susceptibility to seizures followed by spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS). The present study was focused on the role of hippocampal mu opioid receptors (MORs) in the susceptibility of rats to seizures with the KA model of epilepsy. The rats received a convulsant dose of KA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were continuously infused with a selective MOR agonist PL017 (2.09, 2.59, 3.29 microg/microl), or a selective MOR antagonist beta-funaltrexamine hydrochloride (beta-FNA, 0.88, 1.10, and 1.35 microg/microl) into ventral hippocampus by means of mini-osmotic pumps. Seven days later, the susceptibility of rats to seizures was checked by a subconvulsant dose of KA (5 mg/kg, i.p.). PL017 infusion shortened the latency and increased the stage of seizures induced by subconvulsant dose of KA in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, infusion of beta-FNA exhibited a dose-dependent effect against seizures challenged by subconvulsant dose of KA. These results indicate that hippocampal MOR may exert a promoting effect on the susceptibility of rats to KA-induced seizures.
Animals ; Disease Susceptibility ; Dynorphins ; pharmacology ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Hippocampus ; physiopathology ; Kainic Acid ; Male ; Naltrexone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Opioid, mu ; agonists ; antagonists & inhibitors ; physiology

Objective To report the experience of the application of microsurgery in joint replace- ment.Methods There were 22 cases,10 cases with segmental acetabular defects treated with the pedicle sartorius muscle iliac bone grafting,5 cases with vascular repair following major vascular injury of extremity during operation,6 cases with neural repair following neural injury during operation,1 case with serious injury reconstruction by elbow joint replacement and free flap.Results The operations succeeded in 22 cases without any postoperative infection.The mean follow-up was 40.1 months (3-72 months) in 22 cases,in which the joint function improved and the operative result was satisfactory with no joint pain.Conclusion Microsurgical technique can reconstruct bone and tissue defect effectively in joint replacement.

Objective To observe the effect of ginsenoside Rb1,the most abundant ginsenoside in ginseng root,on differentiation and lipolysis of 3T3-L1 cells and to explore its anti-diabetic mechanism.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipoeytes were induced under standard differentiation process in the presence of 0.1,1,10,100?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 for 6 days.Oil red O staining,measurement of triglyceride contents and glucose uptake assay were performed.The expressions of mRNA and protein of PPAR?2,C/EBP?,ap2,glucose transporter (Glut) 1,and Glut4 were analysed with quantitative real time-PCR and Western blot.The binding affinity of Rb_1 to PPAR?-LBD was evaluated by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR).Lipolysis of adipocytes was examined by the measurement of glycerol released from adipoeytes treated with Rb_1 for 1 h.Results Ginsenoside Rb_1 facilitated differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipoeytes in a dose-depondent manner.10?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 increased lipid accumulation by about 56%.Treatment of differentiating adipocytes with 10?mol/L ginsenoside Rb_1 increased the expressions of PPAR?2 and C/EBP?mRNA and protein,as well as mRNA expression of ap2,one of their target genes.After treatment of differentiating adipoeytes with Rb_1,basal and insulin-mediated glucose transport augmented significantly accompanied by up-regulations of mRNA and protein level of Glut4,but not of Glutl.SPR showed Rb_1 could bind to PPAR?which suggested Rb_1 was a ligand of PPAR?.Ginsenoside Rb_1 inhibited basal lipolysis in adipoeytos in a dose-dependent manner.However,it did not affect isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis.Conclusion As a PPAR?ligand,ginsenoside Rb_1 promotes adipogenesis,inhibitas basal lipolysis and inereasos basal and insulin-mediated glucose transport in cultured adipoeytes.Therefore,anti-diabetic and insulin-sensitizing activity of ginsenosides is,at least in part,involved in the enhancing effect on PPAR?2 and C/EBP?expressions,hence promoting adipogenesis and glucose uptake,and inhibiting lipolysis in adipocytes.