Objective To investigate the role of acid and bile reflux in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to evaluate the significance of detecting acid and bile reflux in diagnosing GERD in children.Methods Using ambulatory 24 h pH mo-(nitoring) and bilirubin monitoring technique, we simultaneously assessed the changes of intraesophageal pH and bile reflux in 23 subjects (including 11 healthy controls and 12 patients with GERD).Results The time of esophageal acid exposure (pH

Objective To investigate the changes of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in serum and urine of lupus nephritis(LN)patients in active phase and remission phase.Methods The levels of MCP-1 in serum and urine of 58 LN patients(27 of active phase and 31 of remission phase)were measured by ELISA.The correlation between the levels of MCP-1 in variant phase of LN and other relevant factors were analyzed.Results The MCP-1 levels in sera of both active phase and remission phase of LN patients were markedly higher than those in controls(548.5?347.2 ng/L and 469.1?298.4 ng/L vs 273.3?146.7 ng/L,P0.05).Conclusion The MCP-1 levels in urine of LN patients is more suitable to evaluate the activity of disease as a sensitive marker.

Dideoxynucleosides ; False Positive Reactions ; Fluorine Radioisotopes ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Inflammation ; diagnosis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; radiotherapy ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the homogeneity and stability of domestic cefetamet pivoxil hydro-chloride oral solid preparation and its control standrads. METHODS:105 batches of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride preparations (tablets,granules,dry suspensions and dispersible tablets)were tested by statutory inspection test in respects of property,identifi-cation,weight difference or load difference,moisture,microbiological limits,related substances,dissolution degree and content, etc.,and results were analyzed. Exploratory research was conducted for its impurity sources,dissolution consistency evaluation, the correlation between the remaining validity period with relative substance and content,etc. RESULTS:Statutory tests showed, 103 batches were qualified in the 105 batches of samples(98.1%). The unqualified items were property and related substances,the other items met relevant regulations. Besides,the determination method for related substances in dispersed tablets was quite differ-ent with other preparations. Results of exploratory research showed the related substances in preparations originated from raw materi-als,degradation reaction in manufacturing or storage. Compared with domestic reference tablets and granules,f2 of dissolution of other products were mostly less than 50;there was no correlation in related substances,content with the remaining validity period. CONCLUSIONS:The 105 batches of domestic oral solid preparation of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride are basically qualified;cur-rent standard is basically feasible for tablets,granules and dry suspensions,while the standard for dispersible tablets needed to be improved immediately.

Objective To investigate the induction of tolerant dendritic cells(DOs)and its mechanism in mice.Methods The dendritic cell line derived from C57BL/6 mouse.DO2.4 cells were co-cultured with TGF-?_1(20 ng/ml)to induce the tolerant DCs(TGF?-DC)and stimulated wihh li- popolysaccharide(LPS)for 48 h to induce the mature DCs(LPS-DC).Special small interference RNA molecule(siRNA)of PIR-B was chemically synthesized and was transfected into TGF?-DC by lip2000 (si-DC).The expression of paired immunoglobin receptor A/B(PIR-A/B)in DC2.4 cells was mea- sured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry(FCM).The allogeneic stimulating capacity of DCs was measured by mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR)using ~3H-thymidine incorporation test with the Balb/c spleen cells as reaction cells.The concentration of IFN-?in supernatants of MLR from dis- tinct groups was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results TGF-?_1 up-regula- ted the PIR-B mRNA expression and down-regulated the PIR-A mRNA expression(P

Objective To evaluate the role of multidetector CT(MDCT) and high magnetic field MRI in diagnosis of small cystic-solid renal mass. Methods Fifty-two cases with small renal cystic-solid mass(≤3 cm) were consecutively collected,including small cystic-solid renal cell carcinoma(n=25),carcinoid(n=1),complex cysts(n=16),small angiomyolipoma(n=7) and benign cystic nephroma(n=3).All were examined by both 1.5T MRI and multidetector CT at intervals between 3 days and 2 months. Results All cases were proved by pathology.Multi-planar reconstruction techniques were useful for MDCT in differentiating small cystic-solid renal mass,with the sensitivity of 98.1%,which was as high as MRI.However,the accuracy for MDCT was 71.2%,significantly lower than that of MRI(90.4%)(P=0.001).MRI helped to identify the components and structure of renal masses,and behaved better in the detection of pseudo-capsule of renal cell carcinoma(57.7%).Conclusion High magnetic field MRI may play an important role in the diagnosis of small renal cystic-solid masses,and it may be feasible as a noninvasive examination when CT can not make the ultimate determination.

Objective To investigate the intervention ways of endoscopes in the treatment of esophagus stenosis due to carcinoma of esophagus and improvement of quality. Method 11 cases of advanced carcinoma of esophagus were included in this study. Operation and chemical therapy were unavailable for these patients. Memory trestle with membrane and made of alloy of Nickel－ titanium was inserted under intervention of endoscope. Trestle was posed in stenosis part of esophagus under direction of X－ ray. Trestle could be dilated 3－ 7 days after operation due to its reaction characteristics to temperature. So, redilated therapy was unnecessary. Trestle could reconstruct swallowing tract and made feeding through mouth become available during limited survival time.Results All trestles were successfully inserted.Half－ fluid feeding was available after operation. Obstruction was removed in all patients(100％ ).Conclusion Method described in this study was safe and effective .Effective swallowing tracts were reconstructed in all patients after trestle was planted and quality of life and survival time were both improved.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the diagnostic value of joint detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rifampicin resistance gene (Xpert MTB/RIF), Mycobacterium tuberculosis ribonucleic acid (TB-RNA) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis deoxyribonucleic acid (TB-DNA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods A total of 806 patients with suspected smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to our hospital from May 2020 to July 2022 were selected, 506 patients diagnosed as bacterial negative pulmonary tuberculosis by clinical, X-ray and sputum samples were classified as bacterial negative pulmonary tuberculosis group, and the other 300 patients with non-tuberculous pulmonary disease were classified as non-tuberculous pulmonary disease group. XpertMTB/RIF, TB-RNA and TB-DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of all patients were detected. With clinical, X-ray and sputum specimen examination of mycobacterium tuberculosis as the gold standard, the diagnostic efficacy of alveolar lavage solution Xpert MTB/RIF, TB-RNA and TB-DNA alone and in combination was analyzed. Results The positive detection rates of Xpert MTB/RIF, TB-RNA and TB-DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis group and the non-tuberculosis pulmonary disease group were 69.96% (354/506) and 2.67% (8/300), 61.46% (311/506) and 5.00% (15/300), and 63.64% (322/506) and 8.00% (24/300), respectively. The rates in the smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis group were higher than those in the non-tuberculosis lung disease group, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=342.005, 246.930, 235.687, P<0.01). Compared with the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Xpert MTB/RIF in the diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis were 69.96%, 97.33%, 80.15%, 97.79% and 65.77%, respectively; those values of TB-RNA were 61.46%, 95.00%, 73.95%, 95.40% and 59.38%, respectively; those values of TB-DNA were 63.64%, 92.00%, 74.19%, 93.06% and 60.00%, respectively; those values of combined diagnosis with Xpert MTB/RIF, TB-RNA and TB-DNA were 61.26%, 100.00%, 75.68%, 100.00% and 60.48%, respectively; the specificity and positive predictive value of combined detection were higher than those of single detection (P<0.05). Conclusions The joint detection of Xpert MTB/RIF, TB-RNA and TB-DNA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid can improve the diagnostic efficacy of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of CTCA in predicting myocardial perfusion defects through comparative analysis between MPI defects and severity of coronary stenosis on CTCA.MethodsFour hundred and seventy-eight patients who underwent CTCA and 99Tcm-MIBI MPI in the same period were analyzed retrospectively.According to the severity of coronary stenosis judged by visual evaluation of the vessel diameter,the patients were divided into five groups:no stenosis,mild stenosis,moderate stenosis,severe stenosis and total occlusion.MPI results were classified as negative or positive for perfusion defects,and the prevalence of perfusion defects in every group was calculated per-patient and per-vessel basis.The cut-off of stenotic severity for predicting myocardial perfusion defects was designated as 50％ or 75％,with MPI as standard reference.True positive,true negative,false positive and false negative statistics were thus determined separately on patient and vessel basis.The diagnostic performance for CTCA were calculated and compared.Pearson Chi-square and its partition tests or Fisher exact test were used to compare ordinal variables.ResultsFifty-eight patients showed myocardial perfusion defects.Either by patientbased or vessel-based analysis,the prevalence of myocardial perfusion defects showed an increasing trend with greater coronary artery stenosis in each group,and there were statistical differences among them (x2 =116.62 and 483.83,both P ＜ 0.05).On patient-based analysis,sensitivity ( SN),specificity ( SP),positive predictive value( PPV),negative predictive value(NPV) and accuracy (AC) for CTCA predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 62.1 ％ ( 36/58 ) and 34.5％ ( 20/58 ) (x2 =8.84,P ＜ 0.05 ),84.5％(355/420) and 97.1％ (408/420) (x2 =40.16,P ＜0.05),35.6％ (30/101) and 62.5％ (20/32) (x2 =7.19,P＜0.05),94.2％ (355/377) and 91.5％ (408/446) (x2 =2.18,P ＞0.05),81.8％ (391/478)and 89.5 ％ (428/478) (x2 =11.66,P ＜ 0.05 ) when the cutoff was set to 50％ and 75％,respectively.On vessel-based analysis,the SN,SP,PPV,NPV and AC for CTCA predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 58.8％ (40/68) and 30.9％ (21/68) (x2 =10.73,P ＜ 0.05),95.9％ (1768/1844) and 99.0％ (1826/1844) (x2 =36.72,P ＜ 0.05 ),34.5％ (40/116) and 53.8％ (21/39) (x2 =4.59,P ＜0.05 ),98.4％ (1768/1796) and 97.5％ ( 1826/1873 ) (x2 =4.14,P ＜ 0.05 ),94.6％ ( 1808/1912 ) and 96.6％ ( 1847/1912 ) (x2 =10.31,P ＜ 0.05 ),respectively.ConclusionsThe prevalence of myocardial perfusion defects correlates positively with the severity of coronary stenosis seen on CTCA.CTCA may predict perfusion defects with high SP and NPV.However,the PPV of CTCA in predicting myocardial perfusion defects is poor when the stenosis cut-off is set at 50％.It is significantly improved when the cutoff value is set at 75 ％.

Background Clinical research showed that the corneal endothelial cell density value from different corneal specula microscopies exist diversity.The relevant literature of SP02,Tomey EM-3000 and SP3000P is still seldom up to now. Objective This research was to assess the repeatability of endothelial cell density measurements by SP02,Tomey EM-3000 and SP3000P respectively and the agreement among 3 kinds of endothelial microscopes.MethodsFifty-four healthy volunteers with the age 17-38 years old were included this research.The written informed consent was obtained from each subject before examination.The corneal endothelial cell densities in the right eyes were analyzed with SP02,Tomey EM-3000 and SP3000P respectively for 3 times under the automatic mode,and the analytical procedure of SP3000P measurement were divided into automatic mode SP3000P (A) and manual correction modes SP3000P( M).The repeatability of each specula microscopy was analyzed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficient of variation ( CV ),and the 95％ confidence intervals and plotting Bland-Altman graphs were used to analyze the agreement among these methods.ResultsThe mean corneal endothelial cell densities in the population ＜24 years were significantly higher than the ones ≥ 24 years (t =3.692,P＜0.05 ),but no statistical difference was found between different gender ( t =0.335,P =0.739 ).The mean corneal endothelial cell densities were ( 3058 ± 260 ),( 2954 ± 229 ),( 2668 ± 258 ),( 2734 ± 268 ) cell/mm2 ; the ICCs were 0.957,0.940,0.972 and 0.972 and the CV were 0.063,0.061,0.056,0.058 for SP02,Tomey EM-3000,SP3000P (A) and SP3000P ( M ) respectively.The 95％ confidence intervals were ( - 100.8 - 306.8 ),( 162.6 - 617.4 ),( 109.9-494.1 ) and ( -0.6 - 132.6 ) cell/mm2 for between SP02 and Tomey EM-3000,SP3000P ( A ) and SP02,SP3000P(A) and Tomey EM-3000,SP3000P(A) and SP 3000P(M) respectively.ConclusionsSP02,Tomey EM-3000 and SP3000P(A) have good repeatability in the measurement of corneal endothelial cell density,however the outcome is different.Therefore,it is not interchangeable for the detection of corneal endothelial cell density.The differences of corneal endothelial cell density obtained from these instruments shall be paid high attention for their differences.SP3000P(A) and SP3000P(M) can be used interehangeably and SP3000P(A) is a preferable choice due to its convenience and quickness.