Objective: To analyze the interaction between putrescine (Put) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the regulation of triterpenoid production in Betula platyphylla suspension cell culture. Methods: Put (1 mmol/L), H2O2 (0.1 mmol/L), and fungal elicitors (40 μg/mL) were added into the eight-day-old B. platyphylla suspension cell culture, and the changes of triterpenoid content, polyamine content, and H2O2 fluorescence intensity were analyzed by chemical colorimetry, HPLC, and fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Results: Put (1 mmol/L) increased the H2O2 fluorescence intensity and triterpenoid content in B. platyphylla suspension cell culture. H2O2 (0.1 mmol/L) promoted the triterpenoid production, inhibited the production of spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), and had no effectt on Put content. Under the treatment of 1 mmol/L Put and 0.1 mmol/L H2O2, H2O2 fluorescence intensity and polyamine (PAs) content were between its separated treatment, and triterpenoid content was significantly higher than its separated treatment. Comparing with the fungal elicitor, fungal elicitor and H2O2 scavenger catalase (CAT) induced an increase of 0.62% and 16.05% in Put and Spd content, respectively, while no effect on Spm content. Fungal elicitor and PAs synthesis inhibitor D-arginine (D-arg) decreased the H2O2 fluorescence intensity. Under the treatment of fungal elicitor, the fluorescence intensity of CAT and D-arg, H2O2 and the contents of PAs and triterpenoid were lower than those of fungal elicitor and CAT or D-arg, but triterpenoid content was still higher than that of the control. Conclusion: This can be inferred that the interaction between Put and H2O2 regulates the triterpenoid production in birch suspension cell culture.

AIM:To observe the inhibition effect of endostatin ( endostar ) on mice choroidal neovascularization model ( CNV) and compare with the Avastin.
METHODS: Using 532nm laser photocoagulation to establish a mouse model of CNV. We observed the formation of CNV by histopathological examination after 2wk later. Forty successful models of mice were randomly divided into control group (group 1, 10 rats), normal saline group ( group 2, 10 rats ), endostatin group (group 3, 10 rats) and avastin group (group 4, 10 rats) . The drugs were injected into the mice' vitreous after photocoagulation 2wk later. Then 1wk later, we took the mice eyeballs to perform the HE and immunohistochemical staining to observe. The statistical analysis of ANOVA was done by SPSS 16. 0 and the LSD-t test was used for multiple samples, taking P<0. 05 as the test standards.
RESULTS: Two weeks later, HE histopathological examination was done , light microscope showed large amount of new vessels' formation, the positive rate for CNV was 72. 8%. The blank control group compared with the normal saline group P>0. 05, had no inhibitory effect on CNV;endostatin treated group compared with control group, P<0. 05, had a certain inhibitory effect; avastin group compared with the control group, P<0. 05, had an inhibitory effect on CNV; the LSD-t was performed on Avastin group and endostatin group, P<0. 05, which were statistically significant. We thought that the two drugs have different inhibitory effect on mice' CNV, because xAvastin=26. 90 ,xendostatin=29. 13,xAvastin CONCLUSION: Laser-induced CNV animal models of colored mice C57BL/6J is of short time and high rate establishment and it is an ideal model for CNV study. Endostar has certain inhibitory effect on CNV, and it is likely to become one of the important drugs for CNV-related diseases in the future.

Objective To explore the effect of intrauterin hypoxia on proliferation of neural stem cells(NSCs)and memory and learning capacity of juvenile rats.Methods Conceiving female SD rats(n=20)were divided randomly into 2 groups:control group(n=10)and hypoxia group(n=10).The rats of hypoxia group were put into 3 gases incubator to make the injured brain newborn rats model,rats of control group were not done so.The juvenile rats were taken to do the experiment of water maze after they were born in 30 d,then killed when the experiment was over,the brains of the rats were taken,immobilization,paraffin imbedding,slicing(hippocampus),common immunohistochemistry staining were used to detect the Nestin positive NSCs.Results Optical density of Nestin positive cells in hippocampus dentation of hypoxia group(0.16?0.10)was higher than that of control group(0.15?0.09)(t=3.24 P

Objective To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of sacrococcygeal teratoma in children,and explore the diagnostic value of MRI and the critical suggestion for treatment.Methods The MRI features,clinical features,pathological data and operation complication of sacrococcygeal teratoma in 26 children were retrospectively analyzed. Phenotype teratoma in 9 cases grew from apex of coccyx to fundament.They presented spherical or ellipsoidal,distinct boundary and septatus in cystic MRI.All pathological data presented benign tumors.Mixed teratoma in 16 cases growed from fundament to cavitas pelvis.They presented dumbbell,distinct boundary,mixed signal of cystiform and solid density in MRI.There were 12 cases in benign tumors and 4 cases in malignant in pathology,the invisible teratoma in 1 case which lay between rectum and sacrum,extended to cavitas pelvis.Its boundary was not intact and segmented,and the pathological data presented malignant tumors.Results All of the 26 cases were completely excised only once and 21 of them received sacrococcygeal incision,5 cases had abdominosacral combined incision.Twenty-two cases were followed up (benign 20 cases,malignant 2 cases),and 2 cases of them died. 8 cases had complications,of the 8 cases,2 cases with necrosis of flap,1 case with chronic sinus tract and 2 cases with recidivism occurrd.Conclusions MRI may detect discovering the location and appearance of sacrococcygeal teratoma in children in diagnosis and in differential diagnosis of tumor nature.It is a very significant to reconstruct cavities pelvis and eradicase focal dead space in prevention and treatment of post-operation complication in childrens sacrococcygeal teratoma.

To investigate the effect of Tanreqing injection on immune activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer. The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with lung cancer and healthy persons were separated by the density gradient centrifugation method for subsequent experiments, with those from healthy persons as the positive control. The effect of Tanreqing injection on stimulating the proliferation of lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was determined by MTT method. The effect of Tanreqing injection on the lymphocyte secretions of IFN-γ and TNF-α and the subset ratio of lymphocytes cultured separately or with Tanreqing injection of different concentrations were examined by ELISA and flow cytometry (FCM) respectively. In addition, the LDH release assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and natural killer cells (NK). According to the findings, all of immunological indexes of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer were weaker than that of healthy persons, but with the obvious increases in proliferation activity and IFN-γ and TNF-α secretions of lymphocytes co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection (P < 0.05). Among lymphocyte subsets co-cultured with Tanreqing Injection, CD3+, CD3+ CD4+ and CD3- CD16 + 56+ cell ratios notably increased, whereas CD4+ CD25+ Treg cell ratio obviously decreased (P < 0.05). In the meantime, Tanreqing injection can markedly promote the cytotoxicities of CTL and NK (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Tanreqing injection shows a significant effect in promoting the immune activity of lymphocytes from patients with lung cancer and their anti-tumor immunity.
Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; genetics ; immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; immunology ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; physiopathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; drug effects ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To investigate the loss of heterozygosity at 17 microsatellites of 10 chromosome arms in 68 resected specimens of esophageal cancer, and the relationship to the clinicopathological phenotypes of patients. Methods 68 tumor specimens (20 well-differentiated squamous carcinomas, 30 moderately differentiated carcinomas and 18 poorly differentiated carcinomas) and their matched blood samples were analyzed for LOH at 17 microsatellites by using PCR and fluorescence-based DNA sequencing technology, and the association of LOH with the clinicopathological phenotypes of patients was compared statistically. Results The lowest detection frequency of LOH in our subjects was observed at D8S261 with 33. 3%, and the highest frequency was at D9S125 with 85. 2%. There were 12 markers with the frequency of LOH higher than 50.0%, and 3 markers (D3S1597, D3S1285 and D9S125) with the frequency higher than 75. 0%. There was a significant difference in the frequency of LOH at D9S111 and D13S153 between tumors with different histological grades. LOH at D9S111 was observed in 2 of 12 tumors with well differentiation in 14 of 20 tumors with moderate differentiation, and in 14 of 16 tumors with poor differentiation. LOH at DI3S153 was observed in 2 of 8 tumors with well differentiation, in 12 of 28 tumors with moderate differentiation, and in 11 of 12 tumors with poor differentiation. There was a significant difference in the frequency of LOH at D8S261 between tumors with lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis. LOH at D8S261 was found in 1 of 14 tumors with lymph node metastasis, and in 12 of 22 tumors without lymph node metastasis. Conclusions The widespread and frequent loss of heterozygosity may exist in esophageal cancer, and the candidate genes located in the site of frequent LOH may be involved in the development of this cancer; LOH at D9S11 and D13S153 are more commonly observed in the patients with higher histological grades, the tumors with LOH at D8S261 may have a low tendency to lymph node involvement.

OBJECTIVETo investigate osthole effect on femoral tissue resorption activity of rat in vitro.

METHODSSix SD rats weighted (80 ± 5) g were used to isolate and culture femoral tissue (diaphyses and metaphysis) in vitro. The cultured tissue were devided into control group, estradiol group and osthole group. The femoral tissue was treated with final concentration of 1 x 10(-5) mol/L osthole and 1 x 10(-8) mol/L estradiol culture in vitro at 48 hours after cultured. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (StrACP) activity, glucose and Lactic acid content, StrACP, MCSF (Macrophage colony stimulating factor) and CTSK (Cathepsin K) mRNA was detected by Real-Time RT-PCR were detected.

RESULTSConcetration of Alkaline phosphatase activity were 2226 and 2498 in 1 x 10(-5) mol/L osthole and 1 x 10(-8) mol/L estradiol respectively. As compared with control group, the activity of StrACP of 1 x 10(-5) mol/L osthole and 1 x 10(-8) mol/L estradiol were inhibited at 6, 9, 12 days (P < 0.05); under treatment of in l x 10(-5) mol/L osthole, the content of Lactic acid were increased and the content of glucose were decreased at 3, 6, 9 days (P < 0.05); StrACP, MCSF and CTSK mRNA expression level were inhibited at 6, 9 days (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOsthole can inhibit bone resorption and raise the level of nutrition metabolism of femurs tissue.

Acid Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Bone Resorption ; prevention & control ; Coumarins ; pharmacology ; Estradiol ; pharmacology ; Femur ; drug effects ; Glucose ; analysis ; Lactic Acid ; analysis ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the application value of lung ultrasonic on severe high altitude pulmonary edema.Methods A prospective, single-blind, case-control study was conducted. Sixty patients with severe high altitude pulmonary edema admitted to Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital from February 2015 to May 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into 2500-3000 m group, 3000-3500 m group and 3500-4200 m group according to different altitudes,with 20 patients in each group. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ) score was recorded before and 12 hours and 24 hours after treatment. The arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) was determined by blood gas analysis, and the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) was calculated. Bedside ultrasound scanning was used to determine B line number and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and B line score was calculated to reflect lung water content. The correlation between B line score and PaO2/FiO2, PAP and APACHEⅡ scores at each time point was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results None of 60 patients died or exited, all of them were enrolled in the final analysis. There was no significant difference in PaO2/FiO2, PAP, APACHEⅡ score or B line score among different altitudes groups (allP > 0.05). Repeated measurement variance analysis showed that the effects of different altitudes on PaO2/FiO2, PAP, APACHEⅡ score and B line score were not statistically significant (F value was 0.312, 0.014, 1.098, 0.236, andP value was 0.340, 0.791, 0.733, and 0.986, respectively). The PaO2/FiO2, PAP, APACHEⅡ score and B line score in all groups were improved obviously from 12 hours after treatment, and the improvements at 24 hours were more than those at 12 hours (allP < 0.05). Repeated measurement variance analysis showed that the effect at different time points on PaO2/FiO2, PAP, APACHEⅡ score and B line score was statistically significant (F value was 1844.270, 121.690, 1173.175, 19426.968, allP < 0.001). The interaction effects of different altitudes and different time points on PaO2/FiO2, PAP, APACHEⅡ score and B line score were not statistically significant (F value was 0.304, 0.404, 1.172, 1.403, andP value was 0.875, 0.805, 0.327, and 0.591, respectively). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between B line score and PaO2/FiO2 before and after treatment (r value was -0.579, -0.522, and -0.386, allP < 0.01), indicating that the more the B line, the more severe the pulmonary edema, and the worse the oxygenation; with the decrease in B line after treatment, the pulmonary edema was gradually alleviated, and oxygenation was gradually improved. There was a significant positive correlation between B line score and APACHEⅡ score before and 24 hours after treatment (r value was 0.484 and 0.536, bothP < 0.01), indicating that the more the B line, the more severe the patient; with the decrease in B line after treatment, the patient's condition improved after treatment. There was only a weak correlation between B line score and PAP at 24 hours after treatment (r = 0.317,P = 0.014), indicating that PAP was not a sensitive indicator in the degree of pulmonary edema in patients.Conclusions The more the B line in patients with severe high altitude pulmonary edema,the more severe of the pulmonary edema, and the more severe of the patient. There was no significant correlation between the B line score and PAP. Pulmonary ultrasonography can still be used not only in the plain and low elevation areas, but in the high altitude areas, as a reliable method to evaluate the severity of pulmonary edema.

To explore the growth and development and analyze the quality of the parthenocarpy fruit induced by exogenous hormones of Siraitia grosvenorii. the horizontal and vertical diameter, volume of the fruit were respectively measured by morphological and the content of endogenous hormones were determined by ELISA. The size and seed and content of mogrosides of mature fruit were determined. The results showed that the fruit of parthenocarpy was seedless and its growth and development is similar to the diploid fruit by hand pollination and triploid fruit by hand pollination or hormones. But the absolute value of horizontal and vertical diameter, volume of parthenocarpy fruit was less than those of fruit by hand pollination, while triploid was opposite. The content of IAA, ABA and ratio of ABA/GA was obviously wavy. At 0-30 d the content of IAA and ABA of parthenocarpy fruit first reduced then increased, content of IAA and GA parthenocarpy fruit was higher than that of fruit by hand pollination. Mogrosides of parthenocarpy fruit was close to pollination fruit. Hormones can induce S. grosvenorii parthenocarpy to get seedless fruit and the fruit shape and size and quality is close to normal diploid fruit by hand pollination and better than triploid fruit by hormone or hand pollination.
Cucurbitaceae ; chemistry ; drug effects ; genetics ; growth & development ; Diploidy ; Fruit ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology

Objective To obtain the elasticity value of solid breast lesions with supersonic shear wave elastrography (SWE) and apply the binary Logistic regression in order to evaluate the value of SWE in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions. Methods SWE quantitative elastography was preformed in 91 breast lesions of 91 patients in Zhenghai Longsai Hospital to obtain the maximum and mean elasticity value (Emax, Emean). And receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic performance. A Logistic regression for the gray scale ultrasound and the elastic modulus was conducted with multiple variables including Emax, Emean, border, echo, form, calcification. Results Pathological examination showed 73 benign lesions and 18 malignant lesions. Emax and Emean of malignant lesions were obviously higher than those of benign lesions [(99.73±41.15) kPa vs (38.59±14.28) kPa, (61.45±24.88) kPa vs (23.46±11.44) kPa, t=-15.05,-14.12, both P=0.000]. The area under the ROC curve of Emax and Emean were 0.932 and 0.915. Taking 63.70 kPa as the threshold of Emax, the sensitivity was 77.8%and the speciifcity was 97.3%. Then taking 44.22 kPa as the threshold of Emean, the sensitivity was 83.3%and the speciifcity was 94.5%. The results of Logistic regression analysis showed:the 3 most effective variables were Emax, border of the lesions and Emean. Conclusions The multivariate analysis model of binary Logistic regression can select the valuable indexes of differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions. SWE plays an important role in differentiating benign and malignant lesions and it is valuable in clinical practice.