Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Perchlorates ; toxicity ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; toxicity ; Rabbits

Animals ; Lung ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Perchlorates ; toxicity ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; toxicity ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; secondary

BACKGROUND:Finite element method is widely used in the femoral neck fracture, but the study concerning different fixation methods of femoral neck fracture is not much. OBJECTIVE:To analyze biomechanical properties of different fixation methods for femoral neck fracture using finite element analysis. METHODS:The femur of voluntters was scanned with CT, at thickness 0.6 mm, from the site above the greater trochanter of the femur. Scanning data were saved in .DICOM format. Data of right proximal femur were imported into Mimics software. Osteotomy was performed according to Pauwels I type fracture. Models of two tensile force screws, ful y threaded hol ow screw and proximal femoral locking plate were established. Three-dimensional finite element method was used to analyze stress distribution, stress concentration position, displacement distribution and maximum displacement in different models of femoral neck fracture with different internal fixation methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The maximum stress value of two lag screws model was biggest. The maximum stress value of ful y threaded hol ow screw model was minimized. The maximum stresses of two lag screws model, ful y threaded hol ow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model al were concentrated in the fixed end of fractures. (2) The femoral maximum stress of two lag screws model was biggest. The femoral maximum stress value of proximal femoral locking plate model was minimized. The femoral maximum stresses of two lag screws model, ful y threaded hol ow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model al were concentrated in the medial femoral smal rotor near and medial femoral and fixation contact points. (3) The maximum displacement of two lag screws model was biggest. The maximum displacement of ful y threaded hol ow screw model was minimized. The maximum displacement of two lag screws model, ful y threaded hol ow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model al was in the femoral head. (4) The maximum displacement value of two lag screws model fixed place was biggest. The maximum displacement value of ful y threaded hol ow screw model fixed place was minimized. The maximum displacement value of two lag screws model was biggest at femoral head. The maximum displacement value of ful y threaded hol ow screw model was minimized at femoral head. (5) Results showed that the treatment effect of ful y threaded hol ow screw on Pauwels I fractures was better than other two fixation methods.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of quercetin on primary cultured newborn rat cortex neuron cell which is estrogen depletion, and discuss the possible mechanism, to provide new ideas and strategies for developing a drug of neurodegenerative disease. METHODS Rat cortex neurons were isolated from one day old Sprague Dawley rats and treated with estrogen, quercetin and estrogen receptor antagonists (ICI182,780). Cell viability was determined by MTT assay, neurite outgrowth was measured by fluorescent microsope and estrogen receptors were determine by Western blot. RESULTS Quercetin functions like estrogen to increase cortex neuronal cell viability, the Que (50, 100 μmol·L-1) group compared with the control group could significantly improve the activity of the cortical neurons(P<0.05). It can also increase neurite out growth, the Que (50,100 μmol·L-1) group significantly promoted the formation of synapse, most of the neurons were full, and the synapses of neurons became thick, growth, and connect to a dense neural network. And in the Western blot experiments, Que (50, 100 μmol·L-1) group could obviously increase the expression of estrogen receptor alpha protein, in addition, the neural protective effect of quercetin can be inhibited by ICI182,780. CONCLUSION Quercetin like estrogen can protected cortex neuronal and the effect of quercetin on cortex neuronal cells was mediated by estrogen receptor alpha.

OBJECTIVETo exacted analysis each time interval in isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) of normal subjects through observin the changes of cardiac structure and hemodynamics during the IVRT. Then to provide the evidence of cardiac resynchronization therapy.

METHODSQuantitative analysis was performed for 60 subjects. The dual-channel echocardiography(DCE), pulse wave doppler (PW) and tissue wave dapper (TDI) examination of all the subjects were recorded, and IVRT was divided into two intervals, isovolumic relaxation time of early intervals (IVRTe) and isovolumic relaxation time of late interval (IVRT1). Then measured the time of each interval. Indicators were used including: (1) IVRT; (2) IVRTe; (3) IVRTI; (4) IVRTI/IVRT; calculating the data after heart rate corrected; (5) cIVRT; (6) clVRTe; (7) clVRTI; (8) clVRTI/clVRT; (9) measuring the time difference in mitral blood and tissue (TE-é) of DCE group.

RESULTSThe i-wave within IVRT in PW images was found in 45 subjects, and the i-wave was about 1/2 of IVRT (49.17 +/- 5.37) ms. IVRT was divided into IVRTe and IVRTI by a turning point at descending branch of i-wave as t-point. The j-wave was observed in 84% TDI images, and the j-wave was about 1/2 of IVRT (43.13 +/- 4.83) ms. IVRT was divided into IVRTe and IVRTI by a turning point of the onset of j-wave as t-point. A significant difference was found between PW and TDI with measurement of IVRT, IVRTe, IVRTI (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the common group and DCE group (P > 0.05). After heart rate corrected, the data showed no significant difference using pairwise comparisons among the three groups (P > 0.05). The mean and standard deviation of IVRTI/IVRT, cIVRTI/clVRT were (0.50 +/- 0.12) ms. There were little difference of time intervals and good consistenc using DCE measured IVRT with multiple tests confinmed.

CONCLUSIONThe study found that IVRT might be divided into IVRTe and IVRT1 phases. There were i-wave in IVRTe and j-wave in IVRT1. The t-point was nearly midpoint inisovolumic relaxation time.

Adult ; Diastole ; physiology ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ventricular Function, Left ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yigan Fupi Decoction (YFD) in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) patients.

METHODSA randomized controlled clinical trail was carried out in patients with IBS-D. All patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (58 cases, treated with YFD) and the control group (58 cases, treated with Pinaverium Bromide Tablet). The treatment course was 4 weeks for all patients. The total effective rate, the stool property and state, the quality of life (QOL), and TCM syndrome efficacy were assessed by IBS bowel symptom severity scale (IBS-BSS), IBS defecation state questionnaire (IBS-DSQ), IBS quality of life questionnaire (IBS-QOL), and traditional Chinese medicine pattern curative effect scoring system (TCM-PES) before and after treatment.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (82.76% vs. 77.59%, P > 0.05). The treatment group was superior in the total IBS-BSS integral to the control group (P < 0.05). The total effective rate of improving the stool property was better in the treatment group than in the control group (81.03% vs. 72.41%, P < 0.05). Besides, the number of days for emergent defecation among 10 days was less in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The improvement of the total IBS-QOL integral and the total integral of TCM syndrome were better in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The total effective rate of TCM-PES was better in the treatment group than in the control group (84.48% vs. 70.69%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONYFD was effective in the treatment of IBS-D patients of Gan-qi invading Pi syndrome, and could effectively relieve bowel symptoms, improve the stool property and the defecation frequency, elevate their QOL, and attenuate Gan-qi invading Pi syndrome with favorable safety and compliance.

Adult ; Diarrhea ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morpholines ; therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome

The skin ulceration syndrome of sea cucumber is a kind of desease induced by bacterium.In order to investigate the bacterium of infected sea cucumber and detect the N-acyl-homoserine lactones(AHLs) se-cretion of the bacterium,7 bacterial strains were isolated from the infected sea cucumber.These strains were identified by physiological-biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence.Results show that strain C6 belongs to Tenacibaculum,strain 4 belongs to Shewanella putrefaciens group,strain TB belongs to Vibrio,strain BP2,BP3,BP4 and BP6 belong to Pseudoalteromonas,respectively.AHLs were detected with strain Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55.Among these bacterial strains,strain C6,4,TB,BP3 and BP4 can se-cret AHLs,while strain BP2 and BP6 can’t.And the AHLs activity differs,from the highest to the lowest are 4,TB,BP4,BP3 and C6.

Flexible matching has recently been proposed as a method of improving interactions efficiency. In this study, the concept of flexible matching has been introduced, and the applicability of this strategy has also been described based on the power calculation of interaction between HER-2 polymorphism and smoking with breast cancer. A large-sample approximation method is used to estimate the power and efficiency of gene-environment interactions. In the basic scenario, power of interaction between HER-2 polymorphism and smoking of unmatched case-control study appears to be 30% while in the frequency matching case-control study it is 56%. However, when increasing the smoking prevalence in controls, greater power can be obtained (power=74%). Conclusions: Flexible matching strategies can increase the power and efficiency of case-control studies to detect and estimate the gene-environment interactions when compared with traditional frequency matching and it is especially useful under those scenarios when low environmental exposure of population, adverse gene-environment interactions or less paired controls are seen. Optimal matching design should be made available by weighing the benefits and loss due to flexible matching.

Background Light-induced retinal damage models vary as many influence factors,herein the modeling method is difficult to copy.It is necessary to establish the grading standardization of retinal damage after retinal light exposure.Objective This study was to improve the modeling method and establish a grading standardization for light-induced retinal damage in rat.Methods Twenty-four SPF 8-10 week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and 6 eyes for each group.The rats were exposed to light intense of 5000 lx for 1,2,3 hours respectively in 3 groups,and other 6 rats served as the normal group.Full-field light exposure experiment was performed for each individual rat separately,and an annular illumination box was used tO ensure the experimental rat moving in a single direction and exposing the right eye in 5000 lx light surrounding during experimental duration.Ganzfeid electroretinogram(ERG)was recorded from the experimental rats at the fifth day after light exposure,and the animals were then sacrificed for histopathology observation to evaluate the retinal thickness change.All procedures which involved animals adhered to the ARVO Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research.Results After exposing to intensity light for 1,2,3 hours,the b-wave amplitudes of rod response,maximal mixed response,oscillatory potential in scotopic ERG as well as cone response,20 Hz flicker response of photopic ERG were significant declined as lapse of light exposure time(F=71.690,P=0.000；F=56.250,P=0.000；F=23.610,P=0.000：F=27.130,P=0.000；F=27.030,P=0.000)and lowed by 26.2％,52.5％,70.7％,24.4％,39.3％,58.1％respectively at the end of experiment.Meanwhile,the b-wave latencies of rod response,maximal mixed response in scotopic ERG as well as cone response of photopic ERG were evidently different among different groups (F=1.370,P=0.282；F：0.800,P=0.508；F=11.840,P=0.000；F=2.080,P=0.136).Light induced retinal damage located mainly at the temporal retina area.After intensity light exposure for 1,2,3 hours,the thickness of outer nuclear layer at the superior temporal retina attenuated by 11.3％,25.6％and 72.5％,respectively(P<0.05).A significant difference was seen in mean thickness of outer nuclear layer at superior temporal retina among different groups(F=410.27,P=0.000). Conclusion A standardized grading method for light-induced retinal damage is recommended.The continuous illumination in a intensity of 5000 Ix for 1,2,3 hours can induce the mild,moderate or severe retinal damage respectively at temporal retina.