Objective To determine the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in detecting the primary origin of cancer of unknown primary (CUP).Methods A total of 48 patients (age range 41-82 years,mean age of 57±16 years, 20 females) were retrospectively selected. All patients were diagnosed as CUP and were examined by 18F-FDG PET-CT scan.The patients were divided into cervical lymph node metastasis group (28 cases) and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis group (20 cases) according to different metastasis site.Sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET-CT to detect primary tumor site was compared between these two groups.Results 18F-FDG PET-CT detected primary tumors in 32 of 48 patients (66.7 ％), the cervical lymph node metastasis tumors in 22 of 28 patients (78.6 ％), and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis tumors in 10 of 20 patients (50.0 ％).There was significant difference between cervical lymph node metastasis group and extra-cervical lymph node metastasis group (x2 =4.286,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT has a high sensitivity to detect primary origin of CUP,especially for patients with cervical lymph node metastasis.

Objective: To prepare rh-endostatin loaded poly (lactic-co-gtycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres and to evaluate their release behavior in vitro. Methods: Rh-endostatin PLGA microspheres were prepared by W/O/W process. The content and in vitro cumulative release was determined by a HPLC method. Results: The prepared microspheres were well-shaped, with a mean diameter of 122.7 μm. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were 1.28% and 38.65%, respectively. The rh-Endo solution (250 μg/ml) showed good stability after placed at 4°C and 25°C for 108 h. The cumulative in vitro release was up to 67.37% in 28 days. Conclusion: The rh-Endo can be encapsulated in microspheres to yield sustained release using biodegradable polymers PLGA as the carrier material.

Objective To establish a quality standard for Tibetan medicineRuyi-Zhenbao pill. Methods Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was applied to identify 12 Tibetan medicinal materials, and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to determine the contents of gallic acid, dehydrodiisoeugenol, piperine, and cinnamaldehyde.Results The identified characteristics of TLC were distinct and the spots were clear. Linearity of gallic acid, dehydrodiisoeugenol, piperine, and cinnamaldehyde were in the range of 0.106-0.901μg, 0.033-0.281μg, 0.007-0.060μg, and 0.021-0.178μg, respectively. Average recovery was in the range of 98.47%-101.65% (RSD<3.0%).Conclusions The method of identification and content determination was good in terms of specificity, accuracy and repeatability, and can be used for quality control ofRuyi-Zhenbaopill.

This study is to investigate the effect of artesunate on transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its possible mechanism. After the in vitro cultured RLE-6TN cells were treated with TGF-beta1 then artesunate intervened on it, after 24 h, expression of the markers of mesenchymal cell was assayed using Western blotting and real-time PCR analysis. Western blotting was also used to detect the effect of TGF-beta1 on the Smad3 and Smad7 expressions of RLE-6TN cells. Morphological alterations were examined by phase-contrast microscope, and ultrastructure changes by electron microscope. Incubation of RLE-6TN cells with TGF-beta1 resulted in the up-regulation of the expression of the mesenchymal cell markers, after artesunate intervened on it, resulted in the down-regulation of the expression. Meanwhile, incubation with artesunate intervened on RLE-6TN cells could lead to the apparent down-regulation of the expression of Smad3 and up-regulation of Samd7 and the transition of RLE-6TN cells to mesenchymal-like by TGF-beta1 induction, after artesunate intervened on it, RLE-6TN cells to epithelial-like. TGF-beta1 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition process; artesunate can inhibit TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, the possible mechanism is up-regulation of the expression of Smad7 and down-regulation of the expression of Smad3, meanwhile inhibits phosphorylation of Smad3.

In this article,from the view of the cognitive structure,we talk about the role of transfer of learning in medical innovative education,and propose the strategies on how to increase the positive transfer of learning through the rational organization of teaching contents,improved teaching methods,highlighting the dominant status of student to raise innovative talents.

Adult ; Ergonomics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena ; Regression Analysis ; Workplace

Animals ; Herpesviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Herpesviridae Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; Risk Assessment ; Workplace

Objective To observe protective and repairing effect of Aorui Gel on esophageal mucosa injury in reflux esophagitis rats. Methods Rat models of reflux esophagitis were established by partial pylori ligation plus cardiomyotomy. Model control group,low-,middle-and high-dose Aorui Gel groups,positive control group,excipient control group and sham operation group were set up. Rats were treated with the corresponding drugs 7 days after operation. After treatment for 14 days,the rats'general state,and macroscopic features and pathological features of esophageal mucosa were compared. Results Macroscopic features and pathological features of esophageal mucosa in Aorui Gel groups differed from those in the model control group,inflammation of esophageal mucosa in Aorui Gel groups was alleviated,and pathological features were relieved and arrived to the normal state. Conclusion Aorui Gel can alleviate esophageal mucosa injury in reflux esophagitis rats,indicating that Aorui Gel has protective and repairing effect on esophageal mucosa injury.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the preventive and therapeutic effect of Keshu on acute alcoholism mice.METHODS:Acute alcoholism mice model was established,and randomly divided mice into model group and high,middle,low dosage of Keshu group;the tolerance time,lasting time and the concentration of alcohol in blood were compared among each group.RE-SULTS:Compared with the model group,the tolerance time has been prolonged,the lasting time has been shortened and the blood concentration of alcohol has been lowered in Keshu group.CONCLUSION:Keshu has an obvious preventive and thera-peutic effect on acute alcoholism,the preventive effect of which outweighs the therapeutic effect.